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Typology Building toward Understandings in Enforcement of Protective Orders to Domestic Victims
Hongwei ZHANG 한국피해자학회 2007 被害者學硏究 Vol.15 No.1
A protective order is designed to prohibit an abuser from further abusing a victim. Although domestic violence has attracted a lot of attentions at the international level, insufficient research is directed to the typology of the victim‐offender relationship, descriptions of violations and judicial outcomes. This research examined the role of individual and contextual factors and legal interventions to protective order violations in Harris County, Texas, USA in calendar year 2002 and 2003. It explored the problem of violence in a family context and conducted investigation of the distinct subgroups based on the victim‐offender relationship, which allowed to formulating this theoretical model typology for descriptions of violations and judicial outcomes.
Preparation and Self-Healing Behaviors of Poly(acrylic acid)/Cerium Ions Double Network Hydrogels
Hongwei Zhou,Guohe Xu,Jie Li,Shihao Zeng,Xiaolong Zhang,Zhaohui Zheng,Xiaobin Ding,Weixing Chen,Qiguan Wang,Wenzhi Zhang 한국고분자학회 2015 Macromolecular Research Vol.23 No.12
This work aims at developing an approach to poly(acrylic acid)/cerium ions (PAA/cerium ions) double network hydrogels and exploring the self-healing properties of the hydrogels, with expectation to provide some clues for constructing new healable gel actuators and enrich the family of self-healable hydrogels. The hydrogel is covalently crosslinked by a traditional crosslinking agent N,N'-methylene bis-acrylamide to form the first network and further physically crosslinked by the ionic interaction between cerium ions and the carboxyl groups in the hydrogel network. The preparation method and self-healing behaviors of the hydrogels are investigated.
Disparity vs. Discrimination: the Influence of Race in Police Arrest
Zhang Hongwei,Zhao Ruohui 아시아경찰학회 2005 Asia Pacific Journal of Police & Criminal Justice Vol.3 No.1
This paper explored two major theories used to explain racial disparity in police arrests. After comparing some research findings concerning racial disparity/discrimination in police arrests it seems that although there are some studies supporting police discrimination, the findings are more in favor of the consensus theory. More studies and evidence show that the racial disproportionality in arrests is the result of police disparity in arrest and differential involvement of African American people instead of police discrimination. Legal factors seem to play more important roles than extralegal factors in police arrests.
Genomics and LC-MS Reveal Diverse Active Secondary Metabolites in Bacillus amyloliquefaciens WS-8
Hongwei Liu,Yana Wang,Qingxia Yang,Wenya Zhao,Liting Cui,Buqing Wang,Liping Zhang,Huicai Cheng,Shuishan Song,Liping Zhang 한국미생물·생명공학회 2020 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.30 No.3
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is an important plant disease-preventing and growth-promoting microorganism. B. amyloliquefaciens WS-8 can stimulate plant growth and has strong antifungal properties. In this study, we sequenced the complete genome of B. amyloliquefaciens WS-8 by Pacific Biosciences RSII (PacBio) Single Molecule Real-Time (SMRT) sequencing. The genome consists of one chromosome (3,929,787 bp) and no additional plasmids. The main bacteriostatic substances were determined by genome, transcriptome, and mass spectrometry data. We thereby laid a theoretical foundation for the utilization of the strain. By genomic analysis, we identified 19 putative biosynthetic gene clusters for secondary metabolites, most of which are potentially involved in the biosynthesis of numerous bioactive metabolites, including difficidin, fengycin, and surfactin. Furthermore, a potential class II lanthipeptide biosynthetic gene cluster and genes that are involved in auxin biosynthesis were found. Through the analysis of transcriptome data, we found that the key bacteriostatic genes, as predicted in the genome, exhibited different levels of mRNA expression. Through metabolite isolation, purification, and exposure experiments, we found that a variety of metabolites of WS-8 exert an inhibitory effect on the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea, which causes gray mold; by mass spectrometry, we found that the main substances are mainly iturins and fengycins. Therefore, this strain has the potential to be utilized as an antifungal agent in agriculture.
Hongwei Pan,Yanping Hao,Yan Zhao,Xianzhong Lang,Ye Zhang,Zhe Wang,Huiliang Zhang,Lisong Dong 한국화학공학회 2017 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.34 No.5
Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) was blended with poly(propylene carbonate) (PPC) by a twin screw extruder and then the blends were made onto films via the blown film technique. PPC dispersed uniformly in the PBAT matrix, and the glass transition temperature (Tg) of PBAT were decreased with the increasing content of PPC. Wide angle X-ray diffraction confirmed that the crystallite dimension of PBAT was decreased after blending PBAT with the amorphous PPC. The results of mechanical tests indicated that the PBAT/PPC films showed high tensile strength and tear strength. In addition, the PBAT/PPC films showed high carbon dioxide permeability and moderate oxygen and nitrogen permeability. After embedding in soil, the weight loss and mechanical properties analysis demonstrated that the films were remarkably biodegraded. These findings contributed to application of the biodegradable materials, such as design and manufacture polymer packaging.
Zhang, Xinyi Cindy,Xu, Chang,Mitchell, Ryan M,Zhang, Bo,Zhao, Derek,Li, Yao,Huang, Xin,Fan, Wenhong,Wang, Hongwei,Lerma, Luisa Angelica,Upton, Melissa P,Hay, Ashley,M?ndez, Eduardo,Zhao, Lue Ping Stockton Press 2013 Neoplasia Vol.15 No.12
<P>Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is characterized by significant genomic instability that could lead to clonal diversity. Intratumor clonal heterogeneity has been proposed as a major attribute underlying tumor evolution, progression, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiation. Understanding genetic heterogeneity could lead to treatments specific to resistant and metastatic tumor cells. To characterize the degree of intratumor genetic heterogeneity within a single tumor, we performed whole-genome sequencing on three separate regions of an human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma and two separate regions from one corresponding cervical lymph node metastasis. This approach achieved coverage of approximately 97.9% of the genome across all samples. In total, 5701 somatic point mutations (SPMs) and 4347 small somatic insertions and deletions (indels)were detected in at least one sample. Ninety-two percent of SPMs and 77% of indels were validated in a second set of samples adjacent to the discovery set. All five tumor samples shared 41% of SPMs, 57% of the 1805 genes with SPMs, and 34 of 55 cancer genes. The distribution of SPMs allowed phylogenetic reconstruction of this tumor's evolutionary pathway and showed that the metastatic samples arose as a late event. The degree of intratumor heterogeneity showed that a single biopsy may not represent the entire mutational landscape of HNSCC tumors. This approach may be used to further characterize intratumor heterogeneity in more patients, and their sample-to-sample variations could reveal the evolutionary process of cancer cells, facilitate our understanding of tumorigenesis, and enable the development of novel targeted therapies.</P>
Hongwei Zhu,Huitao Liu,Xin Yu,Jianlong Zhang,Linlin Jiang,Guozhong Chen,Zhibin Feng,Youzhi Li,Tao Feng,Xingxiao Zhang 대한수의학회 2018 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.19 No.5
Herpesvirus infections in Cervidae are a serious threat affecting some deer species worldwide. In our attempt to identify malignant catarrhal fever-associated herpesviruses in deer herds, ten gammaherpesviral DNA fragments were identified in five species of deer in herds in China by using a pan-herpesvirus polymerase chain reaction assay targeting viral DNA polymerase. Notably, in sambar (Rusa unicolor), a novel gamma-2 herpesvirus was identified that showed a close relationship with fallow deer lymphotropic herpesvirus (LHV), while the other fragments were phylogenetically grouped together with Elk-LHV. Determination of whether these viruses have any clinical implication in these deer species should be undertaken urgently.
Ye Zhang,Shiling Jia,Pan Hongwei,Lijuan Wang,Junjia Bian,Yang Guan,Bohao Li,Huiliang Zhang,Huili Yang,Lisong Dong 한국화학공학회 2021 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.38 No.8
A series of poly(lactic acid) (PLA), poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) and glycidyl methacrylate- grafted poly(ethylene octene) (GPOE) blends and films with different GPOE content were prepared by melt blending and blowing film technique. The effect of GPOE on the rheological behavior, melt strength, crystallization behavior, crystallization morphology, miscibility, mechanical property, phase morphology, thermal stability and water vapor permeability were studied. The addition of GPOE improved melt rheological properties. Results of DSC showed that addition of GPOE encouraged the mobility of PLA molecular chains and enhanced crystalline ability. POM observations revealed that the addition of GPOE made the density of spherulite nucleation increase and the size of crystalline particles decrease. From DMA and SEM analysis, it was demonstrated that PLA/PBAT blend was an immiscible system and GPOE in the blend could improve compatibility between PLA and PBAT. Results of mechanical test showed that the PLA/PBAT/GPOE blends and films obtained had excellent mechanical properties. The elongation at break of 50/30/ 20 w/w/w PLA/PBAT/GPOE blend (477%) was higher by about 2.2 times than that of 70/30/0 w/w/w PLA/PBAT/ GPOE blend (220%). The tensile strength of all the PLA/PBAT/GPOE blends exceeded 31 MPa. The tensile strength reached 32.9MPa (MD) and 22.5MPa (TD), the elongation at break exceeded 210% and tear strength exceeded 140 kN/m for 50/30/20 w/w/w PLA/PBAT/GPOE film. With increasing GPOE content, thermal stability and water vapor barrier property also improved.
张宏伟 ( Zhang Hongwei ),李奭炯 ( Lee Seokhyoung ) 한국중국어문학회 2019 中國文學 Vol.100 No.-
The Ancient Chinese Movement was an important cultural reform movement and Tang Legend was a very important literary form in the Tang Dynasty. Both of them reached prosperity during the Mid-Tang Dynasty, so the relationship between the two became a concern of the academic community. This paper first compared the methods of writing, language style and ideological connotation of the two, and systematically demonstrated that the Legendary Text is a vassal of the Ancient Chinese Movement put forward by Mr. Zheng Zhenduo is not appropriate. In addition, this paper systematically demonstrated the role of Tang Legend in promoting the Ancient Chinese Movement from three aspects. That is, Tang Legend that flourished by the influence of “Xingjuan” and “Wenjuan” increased the social needs of Ancient Chinese; The Legendary entertainment satisfies the entertainment needs of the citizens and promotes the popularity of Ancient Chinese; The Legendary novel writing style, which inspired Ancient Chinese writers, affected the writing of Ancient Chinese, which was no longer monotonous, but became lively and vivid. Thus, a more detailed and supplementary discussion was made on the relationship between the Ancient Chinese Movement and Tang Legend.