Long-term Outcomes of One Stage Surgery Using Transanal Colorectal Tube for Acute Colorectal Obstruction of Stage II/III Distal Colon Cancer

Yusuke Okuda,Tomonori Yamada,Yoshikazu Hirata,Takaya Shimura,Ryuzo Yamaguchi,Eiji Sakamoto,Satoshi Sobue,Takahiro Nakazawa,Hiromi Kataoka,Takashi Joh 대한암학회 2019 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.51 No.2

Purpose Since oncological outcomes of transanal colorectal tube (TCT) placement, an endoscopic treatment for colorectal cancer (CRC) with acute colorectal obstruction (ACO), remain unknown, this study analyzed long-term outcomes of TCT placement for stage II/III CRC with ACO. Materials and Methods Data were retrospectively reviewed from consecutive patients with distal stage II/III CRC who underwent surgery between January 2007 and December 2011 at two Japanese hospitals. One hospital conducted emergency surgery and the other performed TCT placement as the standard treatment for all CRCs with ACO. Propensity score (PS) matching was used to adjust baseline characteristics between two groups. Results Among 754 patients with distal stage II/III CRC, 680 did not have ACO (non-ACO group) and 74 had ACO (ACO group). The PS matching between both hospitals identified 234 pairs in the non-ACO group and 23 pairs in the ACO group. In the non-ACO group, the surgical quality was equivalent between the two institutions, with no significant differences in overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). In the ACO group, the rate of primary resection/anastomosis was higher in the TCT group than in the surgery group (87.0% vs. 26.1%, p < 0.001). No significant differences were noted between the surgery and the TCT groups in OS (5-year OS, 61.9% vs. 51.5%; p=0.490) and DFS (5-year DFS, 45.9% vs. 38.3%; p=0.658). Conclusion TCT placement can achieve similar long-term outcomes to emergency surgery, with a high rate of primary resection/anastomosis for distal stage II/III colon cancer with ACO.

Reliability Comparison between “Distal Radius and Ulna” and “Simplified Tanner–Whitehouse III” Assessments for Patients with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis

Okuda Akinori,Shigematsu Hideki,Fujii Hiromasa,Iwata Eiichiro,Tanaka Masato,Morimoto Yasuhiko,Masuda Keisuke,Yamamoto Yusuke,Tanaka Yasuhito 대한척추외과학회 2020 Asian Spine Journal Vol.14 No.3

Study Design: This is a retrospective clinical study.Purpose: In this study, we aim to evaluate the reliability of the distal radius and ulna assessment (DRU) and simplified Tanner-Whitehouse III classification (sTW3) in Japanese patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).Overview of Literature: The greatest curvature of a scoliotic spine occurs at peak-height velocity (PHV), which is the time during which an individual’s height increases at the maximum rate. Diagnosing and appropriately treating AIS before PHV is the most effective way in order to prevent unnecessary deterioration of the scoliosis curve. Although it is difficult to detect scoliosis before PHV, DRU and sTW3, which involve evaluations using a left-hand radiograph, have been reported to be effective.Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 54 hands of 40 girls with AIS who visited Nara Medical University Hospital from 2000 to 2015 using previously collected radiographs. The examiners included a spine surgeon and a pediatric orthopedic surgeon, each with over 10 years of experience. The reliability of the DRU and sTW3 was evaluated using the kappa coefficient.Results: The left-hand radiographs of 40 female patients with AIS (mean age, 13.9±1.7 years; N=54 hands) were evaluated by two blinded examiners using the sTW3 and DRU methods. The highest inter-observer and intra-observer reliabilities (kappa, 0.64 and 0.62, respectively) for radius evaluation were determined. Radius evaluation by the DRU showed the highest agreement rate and smallest error between the inter- and intra-observer examinations.Conclusions: The DRU was the most reliable assessment tool, and it has the potential to be useful for precisely determining the stage of skeletal maturity in outpatient clinics.

Development of a High-Volume Simultaneous Sampler for Fine and Coarse Particles using Virtual Impactor and Cyclone Techniques

Tomoaki Okuda,Daiki Shishido,Yoshihiro Terui,Kentaro Fujioka,Ryoma Isobe,Yusuke Iwaki,Koji Funato,Kozo Inoue 한국대기환경학회 2018 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.12 No.1

Filter-based sampling techniques are the conventional way to collect particulate matter, but particles collected and entangled in the filter fibers are difficult to be removed and thus not suited for the following cell- and animal-based exposure experiments. Collecting aerosol particles in powder form using a cyclone instead of a filter would be a possible way to solve this problem. We developed a hybrid virtual-impactor/cyclone high-volume fine and coarse particle sampler and assessed its performance. The developed system achieved 50% collection efficiency with components having the following aerodynamic cut-off diameters: virtual impactor, 2.4 μm; fine-particle cyclone, 0.18-0.30 μm; and coarse-particle cyclone, 0.7 μm. The virtual impactor used in our set-up had good PM2.5 separation performance, comparable to that reported for a conventional real impactor. The newly developed sampler can collect fine and coarse particles simultaneously, in combination with exposure testing with collected fine- and coarse- particulate matter samples, should help researchers to elucidate the mechanism by which airborne particles result in adverse health effect in detail.

Implantation of Bone Marrow Stromal Cell Sheets Derived from Old Donors Supports Bone Tissue Formation

Manabu Akahane,Takamasa Shimizu,Yusuke Inagaki,Tsutomu Kira,Takuya Egawa,Akinori Okuda,Tadanobu Onishi,Tomoaki Imamura,Yasuhito Tanaka 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2018 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.15 No.1

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the osteogenesis ability of osteogenic matrix cell sheets (OMCS) derived from old donor cells. Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) were obtained from young (7-week-old) and old (1-yearold) Fischer344 rats donors and cultured with modified Eagle’s medium (MEM group) alone or containing dexamethasone (Dex; 10 nM) and ascorbic acid phosphate (AscP; 0.28 mM) (Dex/AscP group). We prepared four in vitro experimental groups: (1) young MEM, (2) young Dex/AscP, (3) old MEM and (4) old Dex/AscP. Cell proliferation and osteogenic marker mRNA expression levels were evaluated in vitro. To assess bone formation in vivo, the cells of each group were combined with beta tricalcium phosphate (TCP) disks followed by implantation in recipient rats. The in vitro study showed significant differences in the mRNA expression of osteocalcin, ALP, and BMP2 between MEM and Dex/AscP groups. Bone formation following implantation was observed upon histological analyses of all groups. TCP combined with OMCS (OMCS/TCP group) resulted in enhanced bone formation compared to that following combination with BMSC (BMSC/ TCP). The osteocalcin content of the OMCS/TCP group 4 weeks after implantation was significantly higher than that in the BMSC/TCP construct for both young and old donors. The present study clearly indicated that OMCS could be generated from BMSCs of old as well as young donors using a mechanical retrieval method. Thus, through its usage of OMCS, this method may represent a potentially effective therapeutic option for cell-based therapy in elderly patients.

Biceps-Related Physical Findings Are Useful to Prevent Misdiagnosis of Cervical Spondylotic Amyotrophy as a Rotator Cuff Tear

Eiichiro Iwata,Hideki Shigematsu,Kazuya Inoue,Takuya Egawa,Masato Tanaka,Akinori Okuda,Yasuhiko Morimoto,Keisuke Masuda,Yusuke Yamamoto,Yoshihiro Sakamoto,Munehisa Koizumi,Yasuhito Tanaka 대한척추외과학회 2018 Asian Spine Journal Vol.12 No.1

Study Design: Case–control study. Purpose: The aim of the present study was to identify physical findings useful for differentiating between cervical spondylotic amyotrophy (CSA) and rotator cuff tears to prevent the misdiagnosis of CSA as a rotator cuff tear. Overview of Literature: CSA and rotator cuff tears are often confused among patients presenting with difficulty in shoulder elevation. Methods: Twenty-five patients with CSA and 27 with rotator cuff tears were enrolled. We included five physical findings specific to CSA that were observed in both CSA and rotator cuff tear patients. The findings were as follows: (1) weakness of the deltoid muscle, (2) weakness of the biceps muscle, (3) atrophy of the deltoid muscle, (4) atrophy of the biceps muscle, and (5) swallow-tail sign (assessment of the posterior fibers of the deltoid). Results: Among 25 CSA patients, 10 (40.0%) were misdiagnosed with a rotator cuff tear on initial diagnosis. The sensitivity and specificity of each physical finding were as follows: (1) deltoid weakness (sensitivity, 92.0%; specificity, 55.6%), (2) biceps weakness (sensitivity, 80.0%; specificity, 100%), (3) deltoid atrophy (sensitivity, 96.0%; specificity, 77.8%), (4) biceps atrophy (sensitivity, 88.8%; specificity, 92.6%), and (5) swallow-tail sign (sensitivity, 56.0%; specificity, 74.1%). There were statistically significant differences in each physical finding. Conclusions: CSA is likely to be misdiagnosed as a rotator cuff tear; however, weakness and atrophy of the biceps are useful findings for differentiating between CSA and rotator cuff tears to prevent misdiagnosis.

Proof-of-concept study of the caninized anti-canine programmed death antibody in dogs with advanced non-oral malignant melanoma solid tumors

Masaya Igase,Sakuya Inanaga,Shoma Nishibori,Kazuhito Itamoto,Hiroshi Sunahara,Yuki Nemoto,Kenji Tani,Hiro Horikirizono,Munekazu Nakaichi,Kenji Baba,Satoshi Kambayashi,Masaru Okuda,Yusuke Sakai,Masashi 대한수의학회 2024 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.25 No.1

Background: The anti-programmed death 1 (PD-1) antibody has led to durable clinical responses in a wide variety of human tumors. We have previously developed the caninized anti-canine PD-1 antibody (ca-4F12-E6) and evaluated its therapeutic properties in dogs with advance-staged oral malignant melanoma (OMM), however, their therapeutic effects on other types of canine tumors remain unclear. Objective: The present clinical study was carried out to evaluate the safety profile and clinical efficacy of ca-4F12-E6 in dogs with advanced solid tumors except for OMM. Methods: Thirty-eight dogs with non-OMM solid tumors were enrolled prospectively and treated with ca-4F12-E6 at 3 mg/kg every 2 weeks of each 10-week treatment cycle. Adverse events (AEs) and treatment efficacy were graded based on the criteria established by the Veterinary Cooperative Oncology Group. Results: One dog was withdrawn, and thirty-seven dogs were evaluated for the safety and efficacy of ca-4F12-E6. Treatment-related AEs of any grade occurred in 13 out of 37 cases (35.1%). Two dogs with sterile nodular panniculitis and one with myasthenia gravis and hypothyroidism were suspected of immune-related AEs. In 30 out of 37 dogs that had target tumor lesions, the overall response and clinical benefit rates were 6.9% and 27.6%, respectively. The median progression-free survival and overall survival time were 70 days and 215 days, respectively. Conclusions: The present study demonstrated that ca-4F12-E6 was well-tolerated in non-OMM dogs, with a small number of cases showing objective responses. This provides evidence supporting large-scale clinical trials of anti-PD-1 antibody therapy in dogs.