종 분포 모형을 이용한 구상나무림의 지속 및 쇠퇴에 관한 연구 - 전라남도 광양시 백운산을 중심으로 -

조선희 ( Seon Hee Cho ),박종영 ( Jong Young Park ),박정호 ( Jeong Ho Park ),이양근 ( Yang Geun Lee ),문이만 ( Lee Man Mun ),강상호 ( Sang Ho Kang ),김광현 ( Gwang Hyun Kim ),윤종국 ( Jong Guk Yun ) 한국산림과학회 2015 한국산림과학회지 Vol.104 No.3

The present study investigated the habitats of Korean fir trees (Abies koreana E. H. Wilson) on Mt. Baekwun (Baekwun-san), determined the current distribution, quantified the contribution of biological and nonbiological environmental factors affecting the distribution, derived actual and potential habitats, presented a plan for the establishment of protected areas, applied RCP 8.5 climate change scenario to analyze the effects of climate change on the future distribution of Korean fir trees, and predicted future potential habitats. According to the results of the study, 3,325 Korean fir trees (DBH >= 2.5 cm) inhabited Mt. Baekwun, and their distribution area was approximately 150 ha. Populations of Korean fir trees were confirmed to exist at an altitude of 900 m above sea level and were distributed up to 1,200 m. Based on potential distribution, areas appropriate for habitation by Korean fir trees were analyzed to be 450 ha, three times the current distribution area, with a focus on Sang Peak (Sang-bong), Eokbul Peak (Eokbul-bong), Ddari Peak (Ddari-bong), and Dosol Peak (Dosol-bong). The forest stands near Sang Peak, the main peak, were evaluated as those with the most appropriate potential for the habitation of Korean fir trees, and populations of the trees tended to prefer the northern slope rather than the southern slope. When climate change scenario RCP 8.5 was applied and future potential distribution was analyzed, the habitats were expected to decrease in area to 20 ha by 2050, with a focus on Sang Peak, and areas appropriate for habitation were predicted not to exist by 2080. Judging from such results, as global warming accelerates, the habitats of Korean fir trees are clearly expected to move from lowlands to highlands.

Original Articles : Clinical significance of occult hepatitis B virus infection in chronic hepatitis C patients

( Jae Young Jang ),( Soung Won Jeong ),( Sung Ran Cheon1 ),( Sae Hwan Lee1 ),( Sang Gyune Kim ),( Young Koog Cheon ),( Young Seok Kim1 ),( Young Deok Cho1 ),( Hong Soo Kim ),( So Young Jin ),( Yun Soo 대한간학회 2011 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.17 No.3

Background/Aims: We investigated the frequency of occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV)-positive individuals and the effects of occult HBV infection on the severity of liver disease. Methods: Seventy-one hepatitis B virus surface-antigen (HBsAg)-negative patients were divided according to their HBV serological status into groups A (anti-HBc positive, anti-HBs negative; n=18), B (anti-HBc positive, anti-HBs positive; n=34), and C (anti-HBc negative, anti-HBs positive/negative; n=19), and by anti-HCV positivity (anti-HCV positive; n=32 vs. anti-HCV negative; n=39). Liver biopsy samples were taken, and HBV DNA was quantified by real-time PCR. Results: Intrahepatic HBV DNA was detected in 32.4% (23/71) of the entire cohort, and HBV DNA levels were invariably low in the different groups. Occult HBV infection was detected more frequently in the anti-HBc-positive patients. Intrahepatic HBV DNA was detected in 28.1% (9/32) of the anti-HCV-positive and 35.9% (14/39) of the anti-HCV-negative subjects. The HCV genotype did not affect the detection rate of intrahepatic HBV DNA. In anti-HCV-positive cases, occult HBV infection did not affect liver disease severity. Conclusions: Low levels of intrahepatic HBV DNA were detected frequently in both HBsAg-negative and anti-HCV-positive cases. However, the frequency of occult HBV infection was not affected by the presence of hepatitis C, and occult HBV infection did not have a significant effect on the disease severity of hepatitis C. (Korean J Hepatol 2011;17:206-212)

Construction of Stably Transformed Bm 5 Cells by Using Autographa californica Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus IE 0 Gene

Cho, Eun Sook,Jin, Byung Rae,Sohn, Hung Dae,Choi, Kwang Ho,Kim, Soung Ryul,Kang, Seok Woo,Yun, Eun Young,Kim, Sang Hyun,Kim, Keun Young,Je, Yeon Ho,Kang, Seok Kwon 한국잠사학회 1998 한국잠사곤충학회지 Vol.40 No.2

To construct transfurmed Bm5 cells, Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus(AcNPV) IE1 gene, an immediate early viral gene was firstly used in this study. AcNPV IE1 gene, which shares on 95.3% nucleotide sequence homology with Bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus (BmNPV) IE1 gene, was isolated and cloned into pBluescript. Neomycin gene from pKO-neo was inserted under the control of the IE1 promoter to yield pAcIE1-neo. The plasmid pAcIE1-neo was transfected into Bm5 or Sf9 cells, and neomycin-resistant cells were selected in TC100 medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 1 mg/ml G4l8 for two weeks. Individual clones were picked and each was amplified for further characterization. The genomic DNA from neomycin-resistant cells was isolated and characterized by PCR using AcNPV IEI gene-specific primers and by Southern blot analysis using neomycin gene probe. We concluded that AcNPV IE1 gene was functional in B. mori-derived Bm5 cells as well as Spodoptera fugjprrda-derived Sf9 cells to produce stably-transformed insect cells

초등 교과교육학의 성격과 내용구조 연구

유한구(Han Ku Ryu),장성모(Sung Mo Chang),송광용(Kwang Yong Song),조주연(Joo Yun Cho),이학주(Hak Ju Lee) 한국초등교육학회 1997 초등교육연구 Vol.11 No.1

이 연구는 교과교육과 교과교육학의관계, 그리고 교과교육학과 교육학의 관계등을 분석하고, 그 결과를 토대로 하여 초등학교 교과교육과 교육대학 교과교육학 교육의 실제를 정확히 이해하고 그 발전 방향을 탐색하기 위한 것이다. 일반적으로, 교과교육학은 교육학에서 제시하고 있는 교육과정의 구성및 교육방법상의 일반 원리를 교과교육이라는 특수한 사태에 적용하는 과정에 관심을 두는 이론으로 간주되고 있다. 이 관점에 의하면, 교과교육학은 교육학의 일반적 원리에 따라 교과교육이라는 특수한 맥락에 처방을 내리기 위한 것으로 파악된다. 이 관점을 교과와 그것을 가르치는 교사의 삶을 사실상 별개의 것으로 분리하는 것이며, 그와 동일한 이유에서 교과교육학과 교과교육학자의 삶 또한 별개의 것임을 전제하는 것이다. 그러나 교과교육과 교과교육학, 그리고 교과교육학과 교육학의 관계는 이론에서 실제로 나아가는 앞의 방향과는 정반대 방향에서도 이해될 수 있다. 이 관점에 의하면, 교과교육학은 교과교육 실제에 처방을 내리기 위한 것이 아니라 그 실제를 기술하고 정당화하기 위한 것으로 파악된다. 교과교육과 교과교육학의 관련이 이렇게 파악될 때, 교과 교육학은 교사나 교과교육학자에게 자신이 지금 하는 일이 자신의 삶과 결코 무관한 것이 아니라는 믿음을 심어 주게 되며, 나아가 그들 자신이 참여하고 있는 초등학교나 교육대학의 교육실제를 기술하거나 정당화하려고 할 때 반드시 필요한 개념적 도구를 제공해 줄 수 있게 된다. 바로 여기에 교과교육학에 관한 종래의 접근과는 구분되는 새로운 접근방식이 요구되는 이유가 있다. The purpose of this study is threefold: The first is to analyse the relations between subject education and subject pedagogy, and between subject pedagogy and general pedagogy. The second is, based on the analysis result, to have the precise understanding of teaching various subjects in the elementary school, and of teaching subject pedagogy in the university of education. The third is to search for the desirable direction of developing the elementary education and the teacher education. Subject pedagogy is usually defined as a theory which is interested in the process of applying pedagogical principles regarding curriculum organization and teaching methods to specific teaching situations, that is, subject education situations. However, this definition has a limitation, because it assumes that a subject and the teacher's life who teaches the subject are separated from each other, and that subject pedagogy and the scholar who studies subject pedagogy are also separated. The relationship between subject teaching and subject pedagogy, and between subject pedagogy and general pedagogy can be understood with quite different viewpoint. This new viewpoint, which is the major discussion matter of this study, assumes that subject pedagogy is never separated from the life of subject teacher/subject pedagogist. This viewpoint will reveal the theoretical features of subject pedagogy better, and give us new meaning on the life of teachers/subject pedagogists. The subject pedagogy in the correct sense should provide teachers/pedagogists with the conceptual instrument based on the new viewpoint. This conceptual instrument will make teachers/pedagogists be able to describe, explain, and validate their own educational practice-such as the content structure of each subject-in the elementary school or the university of education.

Biohydrogen production from food waste: Current status, limitations, and future perspectives

Yun, Yeo-Myeong,Lee, Mo-Kwon,Im, Seong-Won,Marone, Antonella,Trably, Eric,Shin, Sang-Ryong,Kim, Min-Gyun,Cho, Si-Kyung,Kim, Dong-Hoon Elsevier Applied Science 2018 Bioresource technology Vol.248 No.1

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Among the various biological routes for H<SUB>2</SUB> production, dark fermentation is considered the most practically applicable owing to its capability to degrade organic wastes and high H<SUB>2</SUB> production rate. Food waste (FW) has high carbohydrate content and easily hydrolysable in nature, exhibiting higher H<SUB>2</SUB> production potential than that of other organic wastes. In this review article, first, the current status of H<SUB>2</SUB> production from FW by dark fermentation and the strategies applied for enhanced performance are briefly summarized. Then, the technical and economic limitations of dark fermentation of FW are thoroughly discussed. Economic assessment revealed that the economic feasibility of H<SUB>2</SUB> production from FW by dark fermentation is questionable. Current efforts to further increase H<SUB>2</SUB> yield and waste removal efficiency are also introduced. Finally, future perspectives along with possible routes converting dark fermentation effluent to valuable fuels and chemicals are discussed.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Critical reviews on dark fermentation of food waste (FW). </LI> <LI> Current status of dark fermentation with strategies applied for enhancement. </LI> <LI> Technical and economical limitation of dark fermentation performance of FW. </LI> <LI> Strategies to increase H<SUB>2</SUB> yield and gain more energy. </LI> <LI> Integrated system converting fermentation effluent to various fuels and chemicals. </LI> </UL> </P>

The formation of Z-scheme CdS/CdO nanorods on FTO substrates: The shell thickness effects on the flat band potentials

Cho, Ki-Hyun,Sung, Yun-Mo unknown 2017 Nano energy Vol.36 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>CdS/CdO core/shell nanorod photoelectrochemical electrodes were prepared and the working mechanism of n-/n-type Z-scheme band structures is proposed based upon the shell thickness variation. A mild solution chemistry enabled the vertical growth of CdS nanorods on the low-cost conductive glass substrates. The thermal decomposition of Cd(NO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>·4H<SUB>2</SUB>O coated on the CdS nanorod surface successfully introduced CdS/CdO core/shell nanorod electrodes. The formation of CdO shell on CdS nanorods led to the improved photoelectrochemical performance through constructing the n-/n-type Z-scheme band structure. From the Mott-Schottky and the open-circuit potential analyses, the variation in the flat band potentials were monitored to understand the change in the photovoltage of the n-/n-type Z-scheme nanorod electrodes regarding the CdO shell thickness. The core/shell nanorod electrodes having the shell thickness equal to or smaller than the space charge region width exhibited higher photovoltages than those of others. This could be the outcome of the effective charge separation coming from the absence of the bulk region in which the electron transport is disturbed by boundaries. Finally, the optimum CdO shell thickness of CdS/CdO electrodes was determined to be ~2nm and their corresponding photocurrent density was measured to be ~4.35mA/cm<SUP>2</SUP>, which is a ~22% increased value compared to that of bare CdS nanorod electrodes.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Direct growth of high-density and uniform CdS nanorods on FTO substrates vertically via the SLS method. </LI> <LI> Z-scheme energy band structure by formation of CdS/CdO core/shell nanorods. </LI> <LI> The CdO shell formation resulted in the negative shift of the onset, flat band and open-circuit potentials. </LI> <LI> Delicate control of CdO shell thickness and their effects on the flat band potential of the core/shell nanorod system. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>Enhanced water splitting performance arising from the Z-scheme band structure formation is achieved by the growth of vertically aligned CdS/CdO core/shell nanorods on FTO substrates via a solution based approach. By controlling CdO shell thickness, it is demonstrated that the space charge region plays a critical role in determining the photovoltages of core/shell electrodes having Z-scheme band structure.</P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Horizontal Distributions and Their Ecotoxicological Implications Relating to PCBs, DDTs, HCHs, and HCB in Sediments in the West Nakdong River

Sung-Ug We(위성욱),Cho-Hee Yoon(윤조희),Byung-Yun Min(민병윤) 한국생명과학회 2012 생명과학회지 Vol.22 No.3

본 연구는 서낙동강 표층퇴적물 내에 잔류하고 있는 유기염소계화합물의 수평적 분포와 잠재적 생태독성 영향력을 평가하였다. 표층퇴적물 내 PCBs, DDTs, HCHs 및 HCB의 잔류농도는 각각 0.57~3.68, 0.41~8.35, 0.63~1.65 및 n.d~0.56 ng/g의 범위로 주요 유기염소계화합물은 DDT 화합물이었다. PCBs, DDTs 농도와 총 유기탄소 함량은 유의한 상관관계(PCB: r=0.874, p<0.001, and DDTs: r=0.762, p<0.05)를 보여 서낙동강 수계에서 퇴적물 내 유기물 함량은 유기염소계화합물의 수평적 분포에 작용하는 주요 인자로 나타났다. 퇴적물 오염기준을 이용하여 서낙동강 표층퇴적물의 저서생물에 대한 잠재적인 생태독성 영향을 평가한 결과 ΣPCBs, p,p"-DDD 그리고 γ-HCH의 농도는 ER-L (저서생물에 10% 악영향이 나타날 수 있는 농도)과 PEL (악영향 기대수준)보다 낮아 독성학적 관점에서 저서생물에 미치는 악영향은 낮은 것으로 평가되었다. 그러나 p,p"-DDE, p,p"-DDT 및 ΣDDTs는 각각 30, 17 및 19%의 퇴적물에서 잠정퇴적물권고기준(ISQG)과 최초영향수준(TEL)을 초과하였다. Horizontal distributions and their ecotoxicological implications relating to organochlorine compounds (OCs) were determined in surface sediments sampled from the West Nakdong River. The concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs), hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) in surface sediments were in the range of 0.57-3.68, 0.41-8.35, 0.63-1.65, and n.d.-0.56 ng/g, respectively. DDTs represent the major OC in the West Nakdong River. Concentrations of PCBs and DDTs correlate with the total organic carbon (PCBs: r=0.874, p<0.001, and DDTs: r=0.762, p<0.05, respectively), indicating that organic content in the sediments is one of the major factors for influencing horizontal distribution of the organochlorine compounds in this river. Examining the potential poisonous character of the surface sediments to benthic organisms according to the sediment quality guideline (SQG), set out by the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), we found that the concentrations of total PCBs, p,p"-DDD, and γ-HCH were lower than the effects range-low (ER-L) and the probable effects level (PEL). As a result, it is considered that the effect of organochlorines in the region considered on benthic organisms is very low from the perspective of environmental toxicology. However, in terms of the Canadian SQC, p,p"-DDE, p,p"-DDT, and total DDTs, respectively, exceeded the interim sediment quality guidelines (ISQG) and the threshold effect level (TEL) in 30%, 17%, and 19%, respectively, of the sediment samples analyzed.

Design of .NET Remoting Common Framework Applied Design Pattern

Yun-Sung Kang,Jun-Hwan Lee,Han-Jin Cho 한국콘텐츠학회 2010 한국콘텐츠학회 종합학술대회 논문집 Vol.2010 No.12

Antiviral efficacy of clevudine in chronic hepatitis B patients (초)

( Sang Tae Hwang ),( Jung Won Yun ),( Jung Ho Park ),( Hong Joo Kim ),( Dong Il Park ),( Yong Kyun Cho ),( Chong Il Sohn ),( Woo Kyu Jeon ),( Byung Ik Kim ) 대한내과학회 2008 대한내과학회지 Vol.75 No.1S

A case of acute pericarditis with hemophagocytic syndrome, cytomegalovirus infection and systemic Lupus erythematosus (초)

( Sang Wook Kang ),( Chang Mo Kwon ),( Yong Wook Jung ),( Dae Young Yun ),( Hyun Do Kim ),( Hee Soon Cho ),( Yeong Hoon Hong ),( Joon Hyuk Choi ),( Choong Ki Lee ) 대한내과학회 2008 대한내과학회지 Vol.75 No.1S