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Visual Metonymy and Its Communicative Functions: With the 2019 Oscar Movie Green Book
Hongwei Liu,Youngju Choi 현대문법학회 2021 현대문법연구 Vol.109 No.-
Hongwei Liu and Youngju Choi. 2021. Visual Metonymy and Its Communicative Functions: With the 2019 Oscar Movie Green Book. Studies in Modern Grammar 109, 63-81. Littlemore (2015) claims that metonymy can perform a wide range of communicative functions in different forms and modes of expressions. This paper examines the visual metonymies observed in Green Book, the 2019 Best Picture Oscar Academy Award-winner, elucidating how the movie integrates its narrative with visual metonymy to express abstract and profound themes. Exploring various types of visual metonymy utilized in this movie, this paper reveals how the visual metonymy contributes to the communication effect of a movie. The paper also demonstrates that analysis of visual metonymy in movies enriches the current research on both visual metonymy and movie studies.
Two Types of Verbs Created with Concrete Nouns
Yoon-kyoung Joh(조윤경),Youngju Choi(최영주) 언어과학회 2017 언어과학연구 Vol.0 No.82
Clark and Clark (1979) claim that innovative denominal verbs in English select their meanings uniquely in a given context. However, recently, Choi (2016) suggests that Korean concrete-noun- hata verbs, which correspond to English denominal verbs, possibly select multiple meanings in one context. Adopting the relevance theory of Sperber and Wilson (1986) and Wilson and Sperber (2006), the paper demonstrates that Choi"s suggestion can also be applied to English denominal verbs. This paper also explains why most innovative denominal verbs in English seem to choose a single meaning in a given context. When verbs created with concrete nouns are less stable, they try to maximize cognitive effects by strengthening previously held assumptions and by eliminating false assumptions rather than adding more meanings.
환유 매체 선택의 원리에 작용하는 문화적 상대성과 현저성
최영주 ( Youngju Choi ) 21세기영어영문학회 2023 영어영문학21 Vol.36 No.4
Through the examination of incident(/accident) headline names of Korean and American newspapers, ‘the principles of metonymic vehicle selection’ that Langacker (1993) suggests have been supported in Choi (2020) and Choi (2021). Incidents are named with one or two elements among various elements of an event, such as PLACE, TIME, AGENT, PATIENT, CAUSE, and INSTRUMENT. The studies reveal that AGENT is one of the most frequent metonymic vehicles since agents are, in many cases, humans, confirming the human over non-human principle. Furthermore PLACE is much more frequently used than TIME, confirming the concrete over abstract principle. Based on the previous studies, this paper aims to reveal how cultural and contextual salience interact with the principles of metonymic vehicle selection. Two sets of questionnaires, one for Koreans and the other for Americans, are constructed to see how different headline names are selected based on cultures and on event elements. The result shows that cultural salience heavily influences the choice of event names, overriding the general principle of metonymic vehicle selection
How Metonymy Influences Grammar
Youngju Choi 담화·인지언어학회 2016 담화와 인지 Vol.23 No.4
The paper demonstrates that the constructions of concrete-noun-plus-hata (e.g., meli-hata) are not different from those of predicate-noun-plus-hata (e.g., yencwu-hata). The metonymy AN OBJECT FOR AN ACTION IN WHICH THE OBJECT IS INVOLVED is activated in the former constructions so that the concrete nouns are interpreted as predicate ones with which the hata verb can combine. For example, in meli-hata ‘have one’s hair done,’ the concrete noun meli ‘hair’ is interpreted as conventionalized activities related to it, such as caluta ‘to cut,’ phamahata ‘to perm,’ tatumta ‘to trim,’ and so on. The metonymic account not only explains the special constructions in a unified way with other regular predicate- noun-plus-hata constructions but also provides further evidence that metonymy affects grammar, which has been claimed by many researchers including Panther and Thornburg (2000, 2004), Ruiz de Mendoza Ibáñez and Hernández (2001), and Thornburg and Panther (2011).
Speech Act Metonymy in Biscuit Conditionals
( Youngju Choi ),( Yoon-kyoung Joh ) 대한언어학회 2016 언어학 Vol.24 No.4
Biscuit conditionals are distinguished from indicative conditionals in that their consequent clauses are not dependent on conditional clauses while they are in indicative conditionals. In the example of the biscuit conditionals, If you are hungry, there are biscuits on the sideboard, it is apparent that the existence of biscuits on the sideboard does not depend on one`s hunger. This paper demonstrates that the conditional clause is metonymically interpreted as the question where can I find food? and the consequent clause as the answer there are biscuits on the sideboard. Then the conditional will be construed as If your question is, where can I find food, then my answer to you is, there are biscuits on the sideboard, leading to the conclusion that biscuit conditionals behave like indicative conditionals, with their consequent clauses having dependency on their conditional clauses: If the question is not "where can I find food?" the answer will not be "there are biscuits on the sideboard. How the conditional and consequent clauses of biscuit conditionals are interpreted as question-answer pairs will be explained based on speech act metonymy.