Facile Synthesis of Thermo-responsive TiO2/PNIPAM Composite with Switchable Photocatalytic Performance

Yinli Duan,Jing Ma,Jiao Liu,Liang-Sheng Qiang,Juanqin Xue 한국섬유공학회 2020 Fibers and polymers Vol.21 No.4

In this paper, a facile and efficient method was performed to prepare the thermo-responsive Poly(Nisopropylacrylamide)/TiO2 (TiO2/PNIPAM) with the dispersing of TiO2 nanoparticles into PNIPAM. The structures ofnanoparticles and the grafted polymer were confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectra, Fourier transforminfrared spectra (FT-IR) and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS). The interactions between the two components were studied byX-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and the morphology of TiO2/PNIPAM was observed by scanning electronmicroscopy (SEM). The results showed that TiO2 exhibited homogeneous dispersion, without sacrificing the properties ofTiO2. Furthermore, The composite was used to photocatalytic degradation of Methylene blue (MB). The highest MB removalefficiency is 86.3 %. The photocatalytic activities above or below the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of PNIPAMwas also investigated. The experiment results show that the existence of PNIPAM contributed not only the thermo-responsiveabilities to TiO2, but also the enhanced photocatalytic activities to TiO2. In addition, the corresponding mechanism ofenhanced photocatalytic activity was proposed. The results manifest that the well-designed TiO2/PNIPAM is a promisingcandidate in wastewater treatment application.

Association between the Interleukin-17A -197G>A (rs2275913) Polymorphism and Risk of Digestive Cancer

Duan, Yin,Shi, Ji-Nan,Pan, Chi,Chen, Hai-Long,Zhang, Su-Zhan Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.21

Interleukin-17A (IL-17A) is a multifunctional cytokine which plays a crucial role in the initiation and progression of cancer. To date, several studies have investigated associations between IL-17A -197G>A (rs2275913) polymorphism and digestive cancer risk, but the results remain conflicting. We here aimed to confirm the role of this single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in susceptibility to digestive cancer through a systemic review and meta-analysis. Ten eligible case-control studies were identified by searching electronic databases, involving 3,087 cases and 3,815 controls. Odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to estimate the strength of the association. The results of overall analyses indicated that the variant A allele was associated with an increased risk of digestive cancer (AA vs GG: OR=1.51, 95%CI=1.18-1.93; AA vs GG+GA: OR=1.45, 95%CI=1.12-1.87; A vs G: OR=1.21, 95%CI=1.05-1.39). In subgroup analysis stratified by specific cancer type, elevated risk among studies of gastric cancer was found (AA vs GG: OR=1.68, 95%CI=1.24-2.28; AA vs GG+GA: OR=1.62, 95%CI=1.16-2.26; A vs G: OR=1.23, 95%CI=1.04-1.46). According to ethnicity, there was evidence in the Asian populations for an association between this polymorphism and cancer risk (GA vs GG: OR=1.19, 95%CI=1.05-1.36; AA vs GG: OR=1.56, 95%CI=1.15-2.12; AA+GA vs GG: OR=1.28, 95%CI=1.13-1.44; AA vs GG+GA: OR=1.42, 95%CI=1.01-2.00; A vs G: OR=1.24, 95%CI=1.08-1.44), while in the Caucasian populations an association was found in the recessive model (AA vs GG+GA: OR=1.62, 95%CI=1.17-2.24). In conclusion, the results of this meta-analysis suggest that the IL-17A -197G>A polymorphism contributes to an increased risk of human digestive cancer, both in the Asian and Caucasian populations and especially for gastric cancer.

Power control of CiADS core with the intensity of the proton beam

Kai Yin,Wenjing Ma,Wenjuan Cui,Zhiyong He,Xinxin Li,Shiwu Dang,Feng Yang,Yuhui Guo,Limin Duan,Meng Li,Yikai Hou 한국원자력학회 2022 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.54 No.4

This paper reports the control method for the core power of the China initiative Accelerator DrivenSystem (CiADS) facility. In the CiADS facility, an intense external neutron source provided by a protonaccelerator coupled to a spallation target is used to drive a sub-critical reactor. Without any control rodinside the sub-critical reactor, the core power is controlled by adjusting the proton beam intensity. Inorder to continuously change the beam intensity, an adjustable aperture is considered to be used at theLow Energy Beam Transport (LEBT) line of the accelerator. The aperture size is adjusted based on theProportional Integral Derivative (PID) controllers, by comparing either the setting beam intensity or thesetting core power with the measured value. To evaluate the proposed control method, a CiADS coremodel is built based on the point reactor kinetics model with six delayed neutron groups. The simulations based on the CiADS core model have indicated that the core power can be controlled stably byadjusting the aperture size. The response time in the adjustment of the core power depends mainly onthe adjustment time of the beam intensity

Insights into the Gut Microbiota of Freshwater Shrimp and Its Associations with the Surrounding Microbiota and Environmental Factors

( Yanting Zhao ),( Cuilan Duan ),( Xu-xiang Zhang ),( Huangen Chen ),( Hongqiang Ren ),( Ying Yin ),( Lin Ye ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2018 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.28 No.6

The gut microbiota of aquatic animals plays a crucial role in host health through nutrient acquisition and outcompetition of pathogens. In this study, on the basis of the highthroughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons, we examined the bacterial communities in the gut of freshwater shrimp (Macrobrachium nipponense) and in their living environments (sediment and pond water) and analyzed the effects of abiotic and biotic factors on the shrimp gut bacterial communities. High bacterial heterogeneity was observed in the freshwater shrimp gut samples, and the result indicated that both the surrounding bacterial community and water quality factors (particularly dissolved oxygen and temperature) could affect the shrimp gut bacterial community. Despite the observed heterogeneity, 57 genera, constituting 38-99% of the total genera in each of the 40 shrimp gut samples, were identified as the main bacterial population in the gut of M. nipponense. In addition, a high diversity and abundance of lactic acid bacteria (26 genera), which could play significant roles in the digestion process in shrimp, were observed in the shrimp gut samples. Overall, this study provides insights into the gut bacterial communities of freshwater shrimp and basic information for shrimp farming regarding the application of probiotics and disease prevention.

Layer-by-layer Self-assembly Polyurethane/TiO2 NPs Hybrid Film and Its Photocatalytic Efficiency for Decolorization of Methyl Blue

Yijiong Liu,Juanqin Xue,Yinli Duan,Liang-Sheng Qiang,Jing Ma 한국섬유공학회 2019 Fibers and polymers Vol.20 No.9

In this study, Layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technique was used to fabricate TiO2 films onto glass slides. Polyurethane (PU) was used as a substrate for the immobilization of TiO2, to increase the adsorption ability of thephotocatalyst. The LBL sequence was (PU/TiO2 NPs)n (n is the number of bilayers). These LbL hybrid films werecharacterized by Raman spectra, which confirmed the formation of TiO2 nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) in the anatase phase withaverage size around 30 nm. The thickness of the film estimated around 1.1±0.2 μm as determined by scanning electronmicroscopy (SEM). UV-vis spectra confirmed the linear and regular growth of the films with the number of bilayers. Thephotocatalytic property of the films was investigated by the decomposition of methyl blue (MB) under UV-light irradiation. Furthermore, the reusability studies revealed that the fabricated film could be repeatedly used for up to six times withoutaffecting the photocatalytic activity. In addition, the corresponding mechanism of enhanced photocatalytic activity wasproposed on the basis of the investigated results from reactive species scavenging of (PU/TiO2 NPs)10. The active species h+played the most important role in the photocatalytic reaction. This work manifested that the LbL films can be handled moreeasily than TiO2 NPs in suspension form. Therefore, as-synthesized film is a promising candidate in wastewater treatmentapplication.

Population dynamics of Frankliniella occidentalis Pergrande and its predator Orius similis Zheng on common crops and surrounding plants

Hu Changxiong,Li Yiru,Chen Guohua,Duan Pan,Wu Daohui,Liu Qing,Yin Honghui,Xu Tianyang,Zhang Xiaoming 한국응용곤충학회 2021 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.24 No.3

Frankliniella occidentalis Pergrande is important invasive pests in China, causing damage to agricultural pro duction, and Orius similis Zheng is the dominant predator species of F. occidentalis. A two-year survey was conducted to determine the population density of F. occidentalis and O. similis, on chili (Capsicum annuum L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) crops and surrounding weed species, which included white clover (Trifolium repens L.), St. John’s wort (Hypericum beanii N. Robson), alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and beggarticks (Bidens pilosa L.) in Kunming, southern China. The activity of F. occidentalis on these 6 host plant species was determined using the quartile method. F. occidentalis mainly damaged plants during their flowering stage. The main activity period of F. occidentalis occurred earlier on H. beanii and T. repens than on C. annuum. The peak activity of F. occidentalis occurred in the middle of May (on T. repens). During the whole activity period, the highest thrips densities were recorded on H. beanii among all of the sampled host plant species, followed by C. annuum. The lowest density was recorded on B. pilosa. Dynamics of immature F. occidentalis were more irregular than that of adults. The highest density of O. similis was recorded on Z. mays. It was 2.27–26.43-fold (2017) and 2.01–19.09-fold (2018) higher than that on other host plant species. This study showed that F. occidentalis could migrate between C. annuum and surrounding weeds. The weeds were the main source of thrips on C. annuum. The results indicated that Z. mays can be planted around C. annuum fields as a potential banker plant, to attract O. similis to control F. occidentalis on C. annuum, T. repens and B. pilosa. The flowering period of plants and surrounding plant species has a great effect to the population activities of F. occidentalis and predator O. similis on crops.

Dimethyl Sulfoxide Suppresses Mouse 4T1 Breast Cancer Growth by Modulating Tumor-Associated Macrophage Differentiation

Rui Deng,Shi-min Wang,Tao Yin,Ting-hong Ye,Guo-bo Shen, Ling Li,Jing-yi Zhao,Ya-xiong Sang,Xiao-gang Duan,Yu-Quan Wei 한국유방암학회 2014 Journal of breast cancer Vol.17 No.1

Purpose: The universal organic solvent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)can be used as a differentiation inducer of many cancer cells andhas been widely used as a solvent in laboratories. However, itseffects on breast cancer cells are not well understood. The aimof this study is to investigate the effect and associated mechanismsof DMSO on mouse breast cancer. Methods: We appliedDMSO to observe the effect on tumors in a mouse breast cancermodel. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) were tested byflow cytometry. Ex vivo tumor microenvironment was imitated by4T1 cultured cell conditioned medium. Enzyme-linked immunosorbentassays were performed to detect interleukin (IL)-10 andIL-12 expression in medium. To investigate the cytotoxicity ofDMSO on TAMs, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide (MTT) assays were performed. Results: We foundthat DMSO produced tumor retardation when injected into mouseperitoneal cavities in a certain concentration range (0.5–1.0 mg/g). Furthermore, as detected by flow cytometry, TAM subtypeswere found to be transformed. We further imitated a tumor microenvironmentin vitro by using 4T1 cultured cell conditionedmedium. Similarly, by using low concentration DMSO (1.0%–2.0% v/v), TAMs were induced to polarize to the classically activatedmacrophage (M1-type) and inhibited from polarizing intothe alternatively activated macrophage (M2-type) in the conditionedmedium. IL-10 expression in tumors was reduced, whileIL-12 was increased compared with the control. Furthermore, wereported that 2.0% (v/v) DMSO could lead to cytotoxicity in peritonealmacrophages after 48 hours in MTT assays. Conclusion:Our findings suggest that DMSO could exert antitumor effects in4T1 cancer-bearing mice by reversing TAM orientation and polarizationfrom M2- to M1-type TAMs. These data may providenovel insight into studying breast cancer immunotherapy.

The Incidence, Changes and Treatments of Cervical Deformity After Infection and Inflammation

Bo Han,Jianqiang Wang,Yong Hai,Duan Sun,Weishi Liang,Peng Yin,Hongtao Ding 대한척추신경외과학회 2023 Neurospine Vol.20 No.1

A healthy cervical spine with normal movement is the basis of many daily activities and is essential for maintaining a good quality of life. However, the alignment, fusion, and structure of the cervical spine can change for various reasons, leading to cervical deformity, mainly kyphosis. Approximately 5%‒20% of spinal infections in the cervical spine cause cervical deformity. The deformity can recover early; however, the disease's long-term existence or the continuous action of abnormal stress may lead to intervertebral fusion and abnormal osteophytes. Many gaps and controversies exist regarding infectious cervical deformities, including a lack of clear definitions and an acceptable classification system thereby requiring further research. Moreover, there is no consensus on the indications for postinfectious cervical deformity associated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Brucellosis. Therefore, we reviewed and discussed the incidence, clinical manifestations, changes, and treatment of infectious and inflammatory secondary cervical deformities from common to rare to provide a theoretical basis for clinical decision-making.

Hybrid DC circuit breaker with reduced fault isolation time and current limiting capability

Qichao Chen,Bingkun Li,Laicheng Yin,Junyuan Zheng,Zhaoyu Duan,Yiqi Liu 전력전자학회 2024 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.24 No.1

DC circuit breakers (DCCBs) are key pieces of equipment to ensure the safe and stable operation of DC grids. However, current DCCB schemes generally have problems such as a slow fault clearing speed and a poor current limiting effect. This paper proposes a current-limited hybrid DC circuit breaker (CLHCB) that limits fault current and has fast fault isolation, which reduces the capacity requirements. The current limiting inductor in the fault current limiter (FCL) provides the current limiting capability. In addition, the energy dissipation circuit (EDC) is in parallel to reduce the energy dissipation in metal oxide arresters (MOAs) and to decrease the fault isolation time (FIT), which can reduce the thermal effects of MOAs and improve their reliability. Simulation results verify the working principle and advantages of the proposed CLHCB. When compared to an ABB HCB under the same simulation parameters, the CLHCB enables fault current limiting and faster fault isolation. Finally, experiments have verified the effectiveness of the proposed CLHCB.

Hybrid DC circuit breaker with current‑limiting capability

Yiqi Liu,Bingkun Li,Laicheng Yin,Junyuan Zheng,Zhaoyu Duan,Zhenjie Li 전력전자학회 2023 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.23 No.4

Nowadays, traditional DC circuit breakers (DCCBs) are always expensive and lack current-limiting capabilities. Hence, this paper proposes a current limiting and low-cost hybrid DC circuit breaker (HCB). When a fault occurs, the paralleled inductors in the proposed HCB are converted to a series connection due to the cutoff of the converter module, effectively limiting the increase of fault current. Then the cascaded IGBTs undertake the transient interruption voltage. Energy dissipation circuits (EDCs) reduce the fault isolation time (FIT) by bypassing the current-limiting inductor during energy dissipation based on the metal oxide varistors (MOVs). Therefore, the proposed HCB can limit the rate of the fault current increase, reducing the FIT and cost. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed HCB is verified by a single-ended equivalent system and DC grid test systems built in PSCAD/EMTDC. In addition, the proposed HCB FIT is 33.7% quicker, its energy consumption is 87%, and its cost is lower than that of the traditional ABB HCB.