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Influence of Ga(Al)As substrates on surface morphology and critical thickness of InGaAs quantum dots
Yi Wang,Xiang Guo,Jiemin Wei,Chen Yang,Zijiang Luo,Jihong Wang,Zhao Ding 한국물리학회 2019 Current Applied Physics Vol.19 No.4
Influence of Ga(Al)As substrates on surface morphology of InGaAs quantum dots and critical thickness of In0.5Ga0.5As film grown by molecular beam epitaxy is investigated. The In0.5Ga0.5As quantum dots are grown on (001) surfaces of GaAs and Al0.25Ga0.75 A at 450 °C, scanning tunneling microscope images show that the size of quantum dots varied slightly for 10 ML of In0.5Ga0.5As grown on GaAs and Al0.25Ga0.75As surfaces. Reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED) is used to monitor the growth of 4 monolayers (ML) In0.5Ga0.5As on Al0.25Ga0.75As and GaAs surfaces during deposition. The critical thickness is theoretically calculated by adding energy caused by surface roughness and heat from substrate. The calculations show that the critical thickness of In0.5Ga0.5As grown on GaAs and Al0.25Ga0.75As are 3.2 ML and 3.8 ML, respectively. The theoretical calculation agrees with the experimental results.
Assessment of nephrotoxicity of herbal medicine containing aristolochic acid in mice
Yi Quan,Long Jin,Kang Luo,Jian Jin,Sun Woo Lim,신유진,Eun Jeong Ko,Byung Ha Chung,Chul Woo Yang 대한내과학회 2020 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.35 No.2
Background/Aims: It is undetermined if herbal medicines (HM) containing aristolochic acid (AA)-containing have similar nephrotoxicity to AA itself. Methods: We administered HM containing a high concentration of AA for 5 days (short-term study) or a low concentration of AA for 30 days (long-term study) to C57BL/6 mice; for comparison, same dose of AA compound was used as controls. Results: The nephrotoxicity in the HM- and AA-treated mice was compared in terms of renal function, histopathology, oxidative stress, apoptotic cell death, and mitochondrial damage. Short-term HM treatment resulted in acute kidney injury (marked renal dysfunction, acute tubular necrosis, and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin [NGAL] expression) in which the severity of renal dysfunction and histopathology was comparable with that induced by the administration of AA alone. Long-term HM treatment resulted in features of chronic kidney disease (CKD, mild renal dysfunction and tubular atrophy and dilatation). No significant differences in these parameters were observed between the HM- and AA-treated mice. HM-induced oxidative stress (8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine and manganese- dependent superoxide dismutase expression) and apoptotic cell death (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling [TUNEL]-positive cells and active caspase-3 expression) were similar in HM- and AA-treated mice in the short-term and long-term studies. Mitochondrial injury, evaluated by electron microscopy, was also similar in HM- and AA-treated mice in the short-term and long-term studies. Conclusions: The nephrotoxic potential of HM containing AA was similar to that of AA itself.
Yi Quan,Kang Luo,Sheng Cui,Sun Woo Lim,신유진,Eun Jeong Ko,Ju Hwan Kim,Sang J. Chung,Soo Kyung Bae,Byung Ha Chung,Chul Woo Yang 대한내과학회 2020 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.35 No.6
Background/Aims: Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) has antioxidant effects and is commercially available and marketed extensively. However, due to its low bioavailability, its effects are still controversial. We developed a water-soluble CoQ10-based micelle formulation (CoQ10-W) and tested it in an experimental model of tacrolimus (TAC)-induced diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods: We developed CoQ10-W from a glycyrrhizic-carnitine mixed layer CoQ10 micelle preparation based on acyltransferases. TAC-induced DM rats were treated with either lipid-soluble CoQ10 (CoQ10-L) or CoQ10-W for 4 weeks. Their plasma and pancreatic CoQ10 concentrations were measured using liquid chromatography- tandem mass spectrometry. The therapeutic efficacies of CoQ10-W and CoQ10-L on TAC-induced DM were compared using functional and morphological parameters and their effects on cell viability and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were also evaluated in cultured rat insulinoma cells. Results: The plasma CoQ10 level was significantly increased in the CoQ10-W group compared to that in the CoQ10-L group. Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion revealed that CoQ10-W controlled hyperglycemia and restored insulin secretion significantly better than CoQ10-L. The TAC-mediated decrease in pancreatic islet size was significantly attenuated by CoQ10-W but not by CoQ10-L. TAC-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis were significantly more reduced by CoQ10-W than CoQ10-L. Electron microscopy revealed that CoQ10-W restored TAC-induced attenuation in the number of insulin granules and the average mitochondrial area, unlike CoQ10-L. In vitro studies showed that CoQ10-L and CoQ10-W both improved cell viability and reduced ROS production in TAC-treated islet cells to a similar extent. Conclusions: CoQ10-W has better therapeutic efficacy than CoQ10-L in TAC-induced DM.
Yang Yi - fan,Luo Zhong,Zhang Tian-feng 연세대학교(미래캠퍼스) 빈곤문제국제개발연구원 2019 地域發展硏究 Vol.28 No.3
Internationally, how to achieve sustainable cities development is the focus of the UN’s 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (SDGs 2030). On the agenda, Sustainable Development Goal 11 (SDG 11) is to “Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable”. This agenda not only requires member states to formulate development strategies at the national level, but also demands local government to make reform and innovation in governance. Nowadays, the ageing of Chinese society is deepening. In the public space, conflicts between the younger generation and the older generation are frequent, which poses huge challenges to public governance: How to create a safe, resilient and sustainable public space? How to enhance societal resilience in various communities? Through in-depth study of specific cases, practical investigation, policy analysis and literature analysis, we realized that behind the competition of square dance space, there are actually hidden role differences and inter-generational conflicts between the two generations. This paper will start from the case introduction and analysis to explore how to deal with space competition of square dance and alleviate inter-generational conflict. At the same time, from the perspective of public governance, this paper puts forward the idea of creating resilient communities with the resilience capacity framework theory to enhance societal resilience and sustainable development of communities.
Yang Sun,Zhen Qin,Jing-jing Wan,Peng-yuan Wang,Yi-Li Yang,Jian-Guang Yu,Bo-Han Hu,Ding-Feng Su,Zhu-Min Luo,Xia Liu 생화학분자생물학회 2018 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.50 No.-
Gender differences in fatigue manifest as females being more prone to feel exhaustion and having lower muscle endurance. However, the mechanisms of these effects remain unclear. We investigated whether orosomucoid, an endogenous anti-fatigue protein that enhances muscle endurance, is involved in this regulation. Female rats exhibited lower muscle endurance, and this gender difference disappeared in orosomucoid-1-deficient mice. Female rats also exhibited weaker orosomucoid induction in serum, liver and muscle in response to fatigue compared with male rats. Ovariectomy elevated orosomucoid levels and increased swimming time, and estrogen replenishment reversed these effects. Exogenous estrogen treatment in male and female mice produced opposite effects. Estrogen decreased orosomucoid expression and its promoter activity in C2C12 muscle and Chang liver cells in vitro, and estrogen receptor or p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase blockade abolished this effect. Therefore, estrogen negatively regulates orosomucoid expression that is responsible for the weaker muscle endurance in females.
Positive Association of TEAD1 With Schizophrenia in a Northeast Chinese Han Population
Yang Sun,Lin Wen,Yi-Yang Luo,Wen-Juan Hu,Hui-Wen Ren,Ye Lv,Cong Zhang,Ping Gao,Li-Na Xuan,Guan-Yu Wang,Cheng-Jie Li,Zhi-Xin Xiang,Zhi-Lin Luan 대한신경정신의학회 2023 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.20 No.12
Objective Schizophrenia is a complex and devastating psychiatric disorder with a strong genetic background. However, much uncertainty still exists about the role of genetic susceptibility in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. TEA domain transcription factor 1 (TEAD1) is a transcription factor associated with neurodevelopment and has modulating effects on various nervous system diseases. In the current study, we performed a case–control association study in a Northeast Chinese Han population to explore the characteristics of pathogenic <i>TEAD1</i> polymorphisms and potential association with schizophrenia.Methods We recruited a total of 721 schizophrenia patients and 1,195 healthy controls in this study. The 9 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the gene region of <i>TEAD1</i> were selected and genotyped.Results The genetic association analyses showed that five SNPs (rs12289262, rs6485989, rs4415740, rs7113256, and rs1866709) were significantly different between schizophrenia patients and healthy controls in allele or/and genotype frequencies. After Bonferroni correction, the association of three SNPs (rs4415740, rs7113256, and rs1866709) with schizophrenia were still evident. Haplotype analysis revealed that two strong linkage disequilibrium blocks (rs6485989-rs4415740-rs7113256 and rs16911710-rs12364619-rs1866709) were globally associated with schizophrenia. Four haplotypes (C-C-C and T-T-T, rs6485989-rs4415740-rs7113256; G-T-A and G-T-G, rs16911710-rs12364619-rs1866709) were significantly different between schizophrenia patients and healthy controls.Conclusion The current findings indicated that the human <i>TEAD1</i> gene has a genetic association with schizophrenia in the Chinese Han population and may act as a susceptibility gene for schizophrenia.
( Yi Yong Luo ),( Jin Kui Yang ),( Ming Liang Zhu ),( Jin Ping Yan ),( Minghe Mo ),( Ke Qin Zhang ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2008 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.18 No.1
Four series (S, M, R, and W) of Alternaria longipes isolates were obtained based on consecutive selection with Dimethachlon (Dim) and ultraviolet irradiation. These isolates were then characterized according to their tolerance to Dim, sensitivity to osmotic stress, and phenotypic properties. All the selected Dim-resistant isolates showed a higher osmosensitivity than the parental strains, and the last generation was more resistant than the first generation in the M, R, and W series. In addition, the changes in the Dim resistance and osmotic sensitivity were not found to be directly correlated, and no distinct morphologic characteristics were found among the resistant and sensitive isolates, with the exception of the resistant isolate K-11. Thus, to investigate the molecular basis of the fungicide resistance, a group III two-component histidine kinase (HK) gene, AIHK1, was cloned from nineteen A. longipes isolates. AIHK1p was found to be comprised of a six 92-amino-acid repeat domain (AARD), HK domain, and response regulator domain, similar to the Os-1p from Neurospora crassa. A comparison of the nucleotide sequences of the AIHK1 gene from the Dim-sensitive and -resistant isolates revealed that all the resistant isolates contained a single-point mutation in the AARD of AIHK1p, with the exception of isolate K-11, where the AIHK1p contained a deletion of 107 amino acids. Moreover, the AIHK1p mutations in the isolates of each respective series involved the same amino acid substitution at the same site, although the resistance levels differed significantly in each series. Therefore, these findings suggested that a mutation in the AARD of AIHK1p was not the sole factor responsible for A. longipes resistance to dicarboximide fungicides.
Thiazinogeldanamycin, a New Geldanamycin Derivative Produced by Streptomyces hygroscopicus 17997
( Si Yang Ni ),( Lin Zhuan Wu ),( Hong Yuan Wang ),( Mao Luo Gan ),( Yu Cheng Wang ),( Wei Qing He ),( Yi Guang Wang ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2011 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.21 No.6
A new geldanamycin (GDM) derivative was discovered and isolated from the fermentation broth of Streptomyces hygroscopicus 17997. Its chemical structure was elucidated as thiazinogeldanamycin by LC-MS, sulfur analysis, and NMR. The addition of cysteine to the fermentation medium significantly stimulated the production level of thiazinogeldanamycin, suggesting cysteine as a precursor of thiazinogeldanamycin production. Although showing a decreased cytotoxicity against HepG2 cancer cells, thiazinogeldanamycin exhibited an improved water solubility and photostability. Thiazinogeldanamycin may represent the first natural GDM derivative characterized so far that uses GDM as its precursor. Its appearance also clearly indicates that an appropriate end-point of fermentation is of critical importance for the maximal production of GDM by Streptomyces hygroscopicus 17997.