Development of High-specificity Antibodies against Renal Urate Transporters Using Genetic Immunization

Xu, Guoshuang,Chen, Xiangmei,Wu, Di,Shi, Suozhu,Wang, Jianzhong,Ding, Rui,Hong, Quan,Feng, Zhe,Lin, Shupeng,Lu, Yang Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 2006 Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.39 No.6

Recently three proteins, playing central roles in the bidirectional transport of urate in renal proximal tubules, were identified: two members of the organic anion transporter (OAT) family, OAT1 and OAT3, and a protein that designated renal urate-anion exchanger (URAT1). Antibodies against these transporters are very important for investigating their expressions and functions. With the cytokine gene as a molecular adjuvant, genetic immunization-based antibody production offers several advantages including high specificity and high recognition to the native protein compared with current methods. We fused high antigenicity fragments of the three transporters to the plasmids pBQAP-TT containing T-cell epitopes and flanking regions from tetanus toxin, respectively. Gene gun immunization with these recombinant plasmids and two other adjuvant plasmids, which express granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor and FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand, induced high level immunoglobulin G antibodies, respectively. The native corresponding proteins of URAT1, OAT1 and OAT3, in human kidney can be recognized by their specific antibodies, respectively, with Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. Besides, URAT1 expression in Xenopus oocytes can also be recognized by its corresponding antibody with immuno-fluorescence. The successful production of the antibodies has provided an important tool for the study of UA transporters.

Full Dimension MIMO (FD-MIMO): Demonstrating Commercial Feasibility

Xu, Gary,Yang Li,Jin Yuan,Monroe, Robert,Rajagopal, Sridhar,Ramakrishna, Sudhir,Young Han Nam,Ji-Yun Seol,Jaeweon Kim,Gul, Malik Muhammad Usman,Aziz, Ahsan,Jianzhong Zhang IEEE 2017 IEEE journal on selected areas in communications Vol.35 No.8

<P>Massive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) is shown to significantly increase spectral efficiency by exploiting a large number of antennas to support high-order multiuser MIMO. In 3GPP Release-13, a full-dimension MIMO (FD-MIMO) technology was introduced to address practical aspects for massive MIMO in cellular systems; extensive simulations show 2-4 times capacity gain compared with current LTE systems. FD-MIMO has been identified as one of the key 5G technologies and is being continuously improved in 3GPP new radio standards. However, several practical challenges such as interference mitigation among MIMO streams for a large number of users with limited channel feedback, hardware limitations, such as calibration errors that limit the precoding capabilities need to be addressed carefully. A proof of concept (PoC) base-station and user equipment (UE) prototype has been designed to validate the potential of FD-MIMO technology and demonstrate commercial implementation feasibility. In this paper, we present theory and architecture behind an FD-MIMO prototype and share the field test results with LTE-based UEs in a multi-user MIMO setup. We also analyze the impact of transmitter and receiver calibration errors on the performance of the FD-MIMO system.</P>

Investigation on high contact ratio harmonic two-dimensional tooth profile design based on mid-point meshing method

Jianzhong Huang,Jiu-Hua Xu,Ning Qian 대한기계학회 2023 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.37 No.2

Loading capacity and drive stability could be improved by a high contact ratio tooth profile, which is important to a harmonic drive. A novel mid-point meshing method is proposed to achieve the high contact ratio harmonic two-dimensional curve tooth profile. According to the kinematic relationship between points on the neutral layer coordinate of the flex-spline and corresponding points on the pitch circle coordinate of the circular spline, a new meshing point is generated by taking the middle point of the two meshing points. Then, mathematical proof and kinematic simulation analysis are conducted. The curve has characteristics of a high contact ratio and continuous meshing, and zero backlashes in theory. The main factors affecting the curve are also analyzed. Finally, a tooth profile is designed, and two-dimensional meshing performance is analyzed. Results show that the curve contact ratio is 65.54, and backlash values remain at 5×10 -3 μm.

Seismic design strategy of cable stayed bridges subjected to strong ground motions

Xu, Yan,Duan, Xinzhi,Li, Jianzhong Techno-Press 2014 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.51 No.6

In this paper, we present an alternative seismic design strategy for cable stayed bridges with concrete pylons when subjected to strong ground motions. The comparison of conventional seismic design using supplemental dampers (strategy A) and the new strategy using nonlinear seismic design of pylon columns (strategy B) is exemplified by one typical medium span cable stayed bridge subjected to strong ground motions from 1999 Taiwan Chi-Chi earthquake and 2008 China Wenchuan earthquake. We first conducted the optimization of damper parameters according to strategy A in response to the distinct features that strong ground motions contain. And then we adopted strategy B to carry out seismic analysis by introducing the elastic-plastic elements that allowing plasticity development in the pylon columns. The numerical results show that via strategy A, the earthquake induced structural responses can be kept in the desired range provided with the proper damping parameters, however, the extra cost of unusual dampers will be inevitable. For strategy B, the pylon columns may not remain elastic and certain plasticity developed, but the seismic responses of the foundation will be greatly decreased, meanwhile, the displacement at the top of pylon seems to be not affected much by the yielding of pylon columns, which indicates the pylon nonlinear design can be an alternative design strategy when strong ground motions have to be considered for the bridge.

Seismic design strategy of cable stayed bridges subjected to strong ground motions

Yan Xu,Xinzhi Duan,Jianzhong Li 국제구조공학회 2014 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.51 No.6

In this paper, we present an alternative seismic design strategy for cable stayed bridges with concrete pylons when subjected to strong ground motions. The comparison of conventional seismic design using supplemental dampers (strategy A) and the new strategy using nonlinear seismic design of pylon columns (strategy B) is exemplified by one typical medium span cable stayed bridge subjected to strong ground motions from 1999 Taiwan Chi-Chi earthquake and 2008 China Wenchuan earthquake. We first conducted the optimization of damper parameters according to strategy A in response to the distinct features that strong ground motions contain. And then we adopted strategy B to carry out seismic analysis by introducing the elastic-plastic elements that allowing plasticity development in the pylon columns. The numerical results show that via strategy A, the earthquake induced structural responses can be kept in the desired range provided with the proper damping parameters, however, the extra cost of unusual dampers will be inevitable. For strategy B, the pylon columns may not remain elastic and certain plasticity developed, but the seismic responses of the foundation will be greatly decreased, meanwhile, the displacement at the top of pylon seems to be not affected much by the yielding of pylon columns, which indicates the pylon nonlinear design can be an alternative design strategy when strong ground motions have to be considered for the bridge.

Magnetic Properties of Melt-spun(Nd<SUB>62.5</SUB>Ni<SUB>37.5</SUB>)₈₅Al₁₅ Aloy

Feng Xu,Shandong Li,Jianzhong Jiang,Youwei Du,Guang Chen 한국자기학회 2007 한국자기학회 학술연구발표회 논문개요집 Vol.- No.-

Zein–sodium alginate based microcapsules for essence controlled releasing coating as leather finishes

Qunna Xu,Zhongxue Bai,Jianzhong Ma,Yuxi Yang,Mengchen Huang 한국공업화학회 2021 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.100 No.-

Currently the development and application of leather are strongly limited by the peculiar smells of theleather itself and the chemical residues in the leather. However, traditionalfinishing materials containingessences have a short release period, but also weaken the mechanical properties of the coating. Herein,wefirst report a route of crafting essence controlled releasing coatings as leatherfinishes comprisingzein–sodium alginate microcapsules loaded with Artemisia argyi essence (AAE@Z-SMs) and caseinmodified by caprolactam (Ca-Cpl), of which AAE@Z-SMs was prepared by anti-solvent precipitationtechnique before physically blended with Ca-Cpl to prepare composite coating. The results showed thatthe average particle size of AAE@Z-SMs was about 5.7 mm, and the accumulative release rate of essence inAAE@Z-SMs was 48.3% after continuous release for 120 h. Besides, the AAE@Z-SMs+Ca-Cplfilm istransparent and has goodflexibility, with pores and microspheres uniformly distributed inside. Moreover, the inhibition zones of the leather samplesfinished by AAE@Z-SMs+Ca-Cpl against Escherichiacoli (E. coli) (1st d) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) (2nd d) were 2.6 cm and 4.2 cm respectively,which hardly changed after continuing culture for 2 days. Moreover, expected sanitary, mechanical andantibacterial properties of the leatherfinished could be given by AAE@Z-SMs based composites. Thisstudy provides a feasible way to prepare composite coating materials with functionality based on naturalprotein, polysaccharide and plant essence.

Inter‑turn short‑circuit fault detection with high‑frequency signal injection for inverter‑fed PMSM systems

Zheng Xu,Jianzhong Zhang,Zakiud Din,Yongbin Wu,Ming Cheng 전력전자학회 2023 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.23 No.6

This paper develops an online inter-turn short-circuit fault (ISF) detection method for inverter-fed permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) systems. A high-frequency (HF) mathematical model of a PMSM with an ISF is established. Based on the presented HF model, the HF responses of the PMSM with various severity of ISF under HF voltage injectionare analyzed in detail, where both the short-circuit ratio and the fault resistance are considered to evaluate the fault severity. In the proposed fault diagnosis method, the amplitude of the HF negative-sequence component is used to determine the fault severity, and the initial phase is used to locate the position of the faulty phase. The simulation and experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Active power decoupling method for single‑phase PWM converters without LC branch sensors

Jian Xiong,Jianzhong Zhang,Zheng Xu 전력전자학회 2022 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.22 No.7

The presence of ripple power in a converter system has a negative influence on both control performance and reliability. Active power decoupling (APD) is a practical technique to deal with such problems. However, the APD method requires extra sensors on the LC branch, which increases the complexity and cost of the control system. This paper puts forward a new APD method to handle undesirable ripple power for H-bridge PWM converters. When compared with previous APD methods, the proposed APD method eliminates the current and voltage sensors on the LC branch by utilizing a ripple voltage control loop. Then, both the cost and reliability of the converter system are improved. To improve the control performance, an APD method that only has a voltage sensor in the LC branch is also discussed. Simulation results show that the DC-link voltage ripples can be decreased due to the application of the proposed APD method. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by the experimental results.

EFFECT OF ASYMMETRICAL STAND STIFFNESS ON HOT ROLLED STRIP SHAPE

DIANYAO GONG,JIANZHONG XU,ZHENG JIANG,XIAOMING ZHANG,XUZNGHUA LIU,GUODONG WANG 한국소성가공학회 2008 한국소성가공학회 컨퍼런스 Vol.2008 No.10