When to Discharge a Patient After Endoscopy: A Narrative Review

Swapnil Sahebrao Walke,Shamshersingh Chauhan,Vikas Pandey,Rahul Jadhav,Vipul Chaudhari,Deepti Vishwanathan,Kailash Kolhe,Meghraj Ingle 대한소화기내시경학회 2022 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.55 No.1

Video endoscopy is an important modality for the diagnosis and treatment of various gastrointestinal diseases. Most endoscopicprocedures are performed as outpatient basis, sometimes requiring sedation and deeper levels of anesthesia. Moreover, advancesin endoscopic techniques have allowed invasion into the third space and the performance of technically difficult procedures thatrequire the utmost precision. Hence, formulating strategies for the discharge of patients requiring endoscopy is clinically and legallychallenging. In this review, we have discussed the various criteria and scores for the discharge of patients who have undergoneendoscopic procedures with and without anesthesia.

유소년 스포츠에서의 원활한 의사소통 : 부모, 자녀, 코치의 유대 관계

Stephan R. Walk,편집부(편집자) 한국코칭능력개발원 2000 코칭능력개발지 Vol.2 No.1

유소년 스포츠에서의 원활한 의사소통 : 부모, 자녀, 코치의 유대 관계

Stephan R. Walk,편집부 역 한국코칭능력개발원 1999 코칭능력개발지 Vol.1 No.1

본질적으로 유소년 스포츠의 질을 결정하는 것은 아동, 부모 그리고 코치 이 3자(者)간의 상호작용에 달려있다. 프로그램 내에서 어린 선수들과 코치의 관계는 매우 분명하다. 반면 부모의 역할은 상대적으로 덜 명확하다. 어떤 부모들은 자신의 아들, 딸들을 스스로 가르침으로써 매우 적극적인 역할을 한다. 또 어떤 부모들은 교통편의를 제공하거나 게임 관전 등의 소극적인 방법으로 관여한다. 여러 가지 이유로 부모들은 자녀들의 스포츠 경험에 있어 중요한 역할을 하지 못한다. 유소년 스포츠 프로그램에서 부모의 역할을 명확하게 구분하는 것은 종종 자녀와 코치간의 의사소통 채널을 확립하는 일이 될 수도 있다. 부모, 자녀, 코치 모두가 유소년 스포츠 프로그램에 기여를 하고 오해를 막기 위해서는 어떠한 조치들이 취해질 수 있을까? 효율적인 유소년 스포츠 프로그램들은 아동, 부모, 코치간의 지속적인 3자 대화 방식를 포함시키고 있다. 이러한 대화는 시즌이 시작되기 전의 어느 시점에서 시작되어 시즌이 진행됨에 따라 전개된다. 그림 1은 이들 3자간의 관계를 보여준다. 빗변들은 대화의 선을 나타낸다. 아동이 3자(者)중 가장 위에 위치해 있는 것은 프로그램에서 가장 중요한 고려 대상임을 보여주는 것이다.

The spectrum of microvascular patterns in adult diffuse glioma and their correlation with tumor grade

Soni,Vaishali Walke,Deepti Joshi,Tanya Sharma,Adesh Shrivastava,Amit Agrawal 대한병리학회 2024 Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine Vol.58 No.3

Background: Primary brain tumors constitute the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Among them, adult diffuse gliomas are the most common type, affecting the cerebral hemispheres and displaying a diffuse infiltrative pattern of growth in the surrounding neuropil that accounts for about 80% of all primary intracranial tumors. The hallmark feature of gliomas is blood vessel proliferation, which plays an important role in tumor growth, tumor biological behavior, and disease outcome. High-grade gliomas exhibit increased vascularity, the worst prognosis, and lower survival rates. Several angiogenic receptors and factors are upregulated in glioblastomas and stimulate angiogenesis signaling pathways by means of activating oncogenes and/or down-regulating tumor-suppressor genes. Existing literature has emphasized that different microvascular patterns (MVPs) are displayed in different subtypes of adult diffuse gliomas. Methods: We examined the distribution and biological characteristics of different MVPs in 50 patients with adult diffuse gliomas. Haematoxylin and eosin staining results, along with periodic acid–Schiff and CD34 dual-stained sections, were examined to assess the vascular patterns and correlate with different grades of diffuse glioma. Results: The present observational study on adult diffuse glioma evaluated tumor grade and MVPs. Microvascular sprouting was the most common pattern, while a bizarre pattern (type 2) was associated with the presence of a high-grade glioma. Vascular mimicry was observed in 6% of cases, all of which were grade 4 gliomas. Conclusions: This study supplements the role of neo-angiogenesis and aberrant vasculature patterns in the grading and progression of adult diffuse gliomas, which can be future targets for planning treatment strategies.

Fixed Relays for Next Generation Wireless Systems - System Concept and Performance Evaluation

Pabst Ralf,Esseling Norbert,Walke Bernhard H. The Korea Institute of Information and Commucation 2005 Journal of communications and networks Vol.7 No.2

This work presents a concept and the related analysis of the traffic performance for a wireless broadband system based on fixed relay stations acting as wireless bridges. The analysis focuses on the important performance indicators end-to-end throughput and delay, taking into account the effects of an automated repeat request protocol. An extension to a MAC frame based access protocol like IEEE 802.11e, 802.15.3, 802.16a, and HIPERLAN2 is outlined and taken as basis for the calculations. The system is intended for both dense populated areas as an overlay to cellular radio systems and to provide wide-area broad-band coverage. The two possible deployment scenarios for both dense urban and wide-area environments are introduced. Analytical and validating simulation results are shown, proving the suitability of the proposed concept for both of the mentioned scenarios. It is established that the fixed relaying concept is well suited to substantially contribute to provide high capacity cellular broad-band radio coverage in next generation (NG) cellular wireless broadband systems.

Opportunistic Wireless Internet Access in Vehicular Environments Using Enhanced WAVE Devices

Yunpeng Zang,Erik Weiss,Lothar Stibor,Bernhard Walke,Hui Chen,Xi Cheng 보안공학연구지원센터 2008 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.1 No.2

The emerging Car-to-Car communication (C2C) technology, known as Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments (WAVE), enables vehicles on the roadway to communicate with each other and with the roadside infrastructure. In addition to safety-relevant services, drivers may also need Internet access through C2C communications for infotainment services and car maintenance services, as specified in MobilitY and CollAboRative Work in European Vehicle Emergency NeTworks (MYCAREVENT) project. In this article we propose solutions for providing on-board Internet access service to automotive users through C2C communications. The proposed solutions make use of roadside infrastructure and the novel MYCAREVENT Vehicular Communication Gateway (VCG) device. A management scheme is developed for the opportunistic wireless links between On-Board Units (OBUs) and Road-Side Units (RSUs), as well as between OBUs and VCGs in vehicular communications. Furthermore, we invent a novel MAC queue architecture addressing the drawback of the current WAVE MAC protocol in supporting unicast traffic in highly dynamic vehicular environments. At the end, stochastic simulation results are presented to prove the concepts and validate the proposed solutions.

Fixed Relays for Next Generation Wireless Systems - System Concept and Performance Evaluation

R. Pabst,N. Esseling,B. H. Walke 한국통신학회 2005 Journal of communications and networks Vol.7 No.2

Effect of High Phytase Inclusion Rates on Performance of Broilers Fed Diets Not Severely Limited in Available Phosphorus

Dos Santos, Tiago Tedeschi,Srinongkote, S.,Bedford, M.R.,Walk, C.L. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2013 Animal Bioscience Vol.26 No.2

Phytate is not only an unavailable source of phosphorus (P) for broilers but it also acts as an anti-nutrient, reducing protein and mineral absorption, increasing endogenous losses and reducing broiler performance. The objective of this study was to investigate the anti-nutritional effects of phytate by including high levels of phytase in diets not severely limited in available P. A total of 768 male Arbor Acres broilers were distributed in six treatments of eight replicate pens of 16 birds each consisting of a positive control diet (PC), positive control with 500 FTU/kg phytase, negative control (NC) diet with lower available P and calcium (Ca) levels and the same NC diet with 500, 1,000 or 1,500 FTU/kg phytase. Body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and mortality were determined at 21 and 35 d of age while foot ash was determined in four birds per pen at 21 d of age. FI, FCR and foot ash where not affected by the lower mineral diets at 21 d of age nor by the enzyme inclusion but broilers fed lower Ca and available P diets had lower BWG. At 35 d of age no difference was observed between broilers fed the positive or NC diets but broilers fed 500, 1,000 and 1,500 FTU/kg on top of the NC diet had better FCR than broilers fed the positive control diet. When compared to birds fed a diet adequate in P, birds fed the same diet included with 500, 1,000 and 1,500 FTU/kg of phytase in marginally deficient available P and Ca diets had an improvement of performance. These results support the concept that hydrolysing phytate and reducing the anti-nutritional effects of phytate improves bird performance on marginally deficient diets that were not covering the P requirement of birds.