The Impact of Global Uncertainty Shocks on Macroeconomics: The Case of Vietnam

Ha Hong TRAN(Ha Hong TRAN ),Vinh Thi Hong NGUYEN(Vinh Thi Hong NGUYEN ),Nam Hoang TRINH(Nam Hoang TRINH ) 한국유통과학회 2022 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.9 No.9

The global financial crisis of 2008–2009 and the COVID-19 pandemic that started in 2019 along with the slow and unstable recovery of the global economy have raised concerns about the impact of global uncertainty on the macroeconomics of the countries. The paper used the Structural Vector Autoregression (SVAR) model to examine the impact of global uncertainty shocks on Vietnam’s economy from the period 2008–2022. We found that Vietnam’s output dropped following the shock of global uncertainty, the peak was in the third month, and lasted for one year. Inflation in Vietnam had a rapid downturn in the first month, peaked in the seventh month, and took a long time to cease. When the economy experienced the shock of increased global uncertainty, Vietnam’s policy interest rate was adjusted downward. Additionally, we included a long-term interest rate to consider the overall impact of monetary policy into account. A decreasing trend was also found with this rate. The global uncertainty shock effects acted as the aggregate demand shocks, reducing output and inflation as the uncertainty increases and vice versa, thus monetary policy can be used to regulate Vietnam’s economy to deal with negative shocks without the trade-offs between output and inflation as aggregate supply shocks.

The Effect of Trade Integration on Business Cycle Synchronization in East Asia

NGUYEN, Vinh Thi Hong,HOANG, Thuy Thi Thanh,NGUYEN, Sang Minh Korea Distribution Science Association 2020 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.7 No.8

The paper aims to investigate the impact of trade integration on business cycle synchronization for the East Asian countries during 2005- 2017 based on the endogeneity hypothesis of Optimum Currency Area criteria. We test the determinants of business cycles by calculating bilateral trade, financial integration, and business cycle synchronization. Applying the system Generalized Method of Moments for dynamic panel data models, the results show that business cycle synchronization is highly associated with trade and financial integration. These findings confirm the endogeneity hypothesis that more trade integration will mitigate asymmetric shocks, and have a positive impact on the business cycle synchronization. The increased trade intensity and financial linkage lead to more correlated business cycles in East Asia. Apart from trade and financial integration, the trade structure differential, monetary policy similarity also influence the business cycle comovement. The significantly negative impact of trade structure differential on business cycle synchronization suggests that countries with less similar structures are more likely to undergo asymmetric shocks. The results also indicate that monetary policy matters for output comovement. This study recommends that the East Asian countries should focus on bilateral trade as well as financial integration with each other to reap benefits from the integration process.

Phenolic Constituents from Balanophora laxiflora with their Anti-inflammatory and Cytotoxic Effects

Nguyen Thi Hong Anh,Nguyen Thuy Duong,Pham Duc Vinh,Do Thi Ha 한국생약학회 2021 Natural Product Sciences Vol.27 No.1

Balanophora laxiflora Hemsl. (Balanophoraceae) is a traditional medicinal plant with a diverse array of biological activities. In our exploration of new bioactive constituents from B. laxiflora, we isolated five compounds, including a new lignan, balanophorone (5), and four known phenolic compounds (1–4). The chemical structures of these compounds were determined by extensive spectroscopic analyses, including 1D and 2D NMR, HR-ESI-MS, and CD. In addition, we evaluated the effects of each of the isolates (1–5) on the messenger RNA expression levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages and cytotoxicity against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Compound 2 showed significant inhibition of LPS-induced COX-2 and TNF-α expression in RAW 264.7 macrophages, while compound 4 showed moderate cytotoxicity against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, with IC50 values of 18.3 and 30.7 μM, respectively. No significant effects on the viability of normal mammary epithelial cells were observed.

Impact of long COVID-19 on posttraumatic stress disorder as modified by health literacy: an observational study in Vietnam

Han Thi Vo,Tien Duc Dao,Tuyen Van Duong,Tan Thanh Nguyen,Binh Nhu Do,Tinh Xuan Do,Khue Minh Pham,Vinh Hai Vu,Linh Van Pham,Lien Thi Hong Nguyen,Lan Thi Huong Le,Hoang Cong Nguyen,Nga Hoang Dang,Trung 질병관리청 2024 Osong Public Health and Research Persptectives Vol.15 No.1

Objectives: The incidence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has increased, particularly among individuals who have recovered from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. Health literacy is considered a “social vaccine” that helps people respond effectively to the pandemic. We aimed to investigate the association between long COVID-19 and PTSD, and to examine the modifying role of health literacy in this association.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at 18 hospitals and health centers in Vietnam from December 2021 to October 2022. We recruited 4,463 individuals who had recovered from COVID-19 infection for at least 4 weeks. Participants provided information about their sociodemographics, clinical parameters, health-related behaviors, health literacy (using the 12-item short-form health literacy scale), long COVID-19 symptoms and PTSD (Impact Event Scale-Revised score of 33 or higher). Logistic regression models were used to examine associations and interactions.Results: Out of the study sample, 55.9% had long COVID-19 symptoms, and 49.6% had PTSD. Individuals with long COVID-19 symptoms had a higher likelihood of PTSD (odds ratio [OR], 1.68; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.63–2.12; p<0.001). Higher health literacy was associated with a lower likelihood of PTSD (OR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.97–0.99; p=0.001). Compared to those with long COVID-19 symptoms and the lowest health literacy score, those with long COVID-19 symptoms and a 1-point health literacy increment had a 3% lower likelihood of PTSD (OR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.96–0.99; p=0.001).Conclusion: Health literacy was found to be a protective factor against PTSD and modified the negative impact of long COVID-19 symptoms on PTSD.

The Impact of Financial Integration on Monetary Policy Independence: The Case of Vietnam

TRAN, Ha Hong,LE, Thao Phan Thi Dieu,NGUYEN, Vinh Thi Hong,LE, Dao Thi Anh,TRINH, Nam Hoang Korea Distribution Science Association 2021 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.8 No.2

Along with the trend of financial globalization, Vietnam has undergone a process of increasing financial integration. The great capital inflow poses a problem for the monetary policy's ability to follow a planned target during the changes in the global financial markets. This paper aims to examine the impact of financial integration on monetary policy independence in Vietnam and investigate the role of foreign exchange reserves on this relationship. The research borrows from Mundell-Fleming's Trilemma theory. The results show that increasing financial integration reduces the independence of monetary policy in the short term, and foreign exchange reserves have not shown an apparent role in Vietnam. In addition, increasing exchange rate stability has a negative impact on the independence of monetary policy, but it has an impact on growing market confidence and partly supporting the management process of monetary policy in the short term. Therefore, in the long run, Vietnam needs to allow exchange rate flexibility more, but there should not be sudden changes; the size of foreign exchange reserves should be strengthened to facilitate the implementation of an independent monetary policy with an obvious impact in the context of an increasing scale of international capital flows in the future.

Influence of hetero-gate dielectrics on short-channel effects in scaled tunnel field-effect transistors

Nguyen Dang Chien,Luu The Vinh,Huynh Thi Hong Tham,Chun-Hsing Shih 한국물리학회 2020 Current Applied Physics Vol.20 No.12

In this study, we examined the influence of using hetero-gate dielectrics (HGDs) on the short-channel effects (SCEs) in scaled tunnel field-effect transistors (TFETs). For bulk TFETs, the short-channel performance is not influenced by the HGD engineering because the SCEs are caused by the tunneling at the region with negligible gate control. However, the use of the HGD increases the SCEs in double-gate TFETs because the HGD reduces the gate control on the channel. When the HGD optimized in term of on-current is used, the channel of HGD-TFETs is about 10-nm longer than that of uniform-gate dielectric TFETs to obtain similar SCEs. The SCEs in HGD-TFETs can be improved by locating the drain-side heterojunction toward the drain and/or increasing the ratio of lowand high-k equivalent oxide thicknesses. Due to the trend of scaling transistors, an appropriate design of HGD to minimize the SCEs in scaled HGD-TFETs is also crucial.

Synthesis of oxime from a renewable resource for metal extraction

Anh Son Hoang,Thi Huong Tran,Hong Nhung Nguyen,Hong Son Vu,Thanh Phong Vo,Chi Phan,Thanh Vinh Nguyen 한국화학공학회 2015 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.32 No.8

A new method for semi-synthesis of alkyl salicylaldoximes from cardanol is reported. Cardanol was extracted from decarboxylation process of cashew nutshell liquid, an abundant agricultural by-product. Molecular structures, physical and chemical properties of cardanol and oxime derivatives were confirmed by spectroscopic analyses. The produced oximes were successfully employed to extract copper(II) cation from aqueous copper salt solutions, offering a practical and economical pathway to effectively recover metals using agricultural by-products.

Contrast Agents For Magnetic Resonance Imaging Based On Ferrite Nanoparticles Synthesized by Using a Wet-Chemical Method

Tran Hoang Hai,Le Hong Phuc,Doan Thi Kim Dung,Nguyen Thi Le Huyen,Bui Duc Long,Le Khanh Vinh,Nguyen Thi Thanh Kieu,Massanori Abe 한국물리학회 2008 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.53 No.2

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become a major and promising topic in medical researching because of its numerous potential applications. Due to the specic uptake by macrophage and not entirely captured by liver and spleen at first-pass, Superparamagnetic nanoparticles (SPIONs) are widely investigated as diagnostic tracer for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Surfactantcoated Fe3O4 particles (6 nm diameter) have been synthesized by using a wet chemical method (co-precipitation). Our study concentrated on synthesizing magnetic nanoparticles Fe3O4 coating oleic acid and Dextran and Starch polysaccharides.