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Tomohiro Banno,Tomohiko Hasegawa,Yu Yamato,Daisuke Togawa,Go Yoshida,Sho Kobayashi,Tatsuya Yasuda,Hideyuki Arima,Shin Oe,Yuki Mihara,Hiroki Ushirozako,Yukihiro Matsuyama 대한척추외과학회 2019 Asian Spine Journal Vol.13 No.3
Study Design: A retrospective study. Purpose: To investigate the incidence of iliac screw loosening with a two-rod vs. multi-rod construct and the effect on clinical and radiographic outcomes after surgery for adult spinal deformity (ASD). Overview of Literature: Multi-rod construct is useful for preventing rod fracture in ASD surgery. However, limited information is available regarding the incidence of iliac screw loosening after corrective fusion surgery using a multi-rod construct. Methods: Total 106 patients with ASD (24 men and 82 women; mean age, 68 years) who underwent corrective fusion surgery using bilateral iliac screws and were followed up for at least 1 year were reviewed. The following variables were compared between patients who underwent surgery with a two-rod and multi-rod construct: age, sex, bone mineral density (BMD), fusion level, high-grade osteotomy, L5/S interbody fusion, screw loosening (upper instrumented vertebra [UIV], S1, and iliac), rod fracture, proximal junctional kyphosis, spinopelvic parameters, and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) score. We also compared patients with and without iliac screw loosening in the multi-rod construct group. Results: Of the 106 patients, 55 underwent surgery with a conventional two-rod construct and 51 with a multi-rod construct (three rods in 16, four rods in 35). Iliac and UIV screw loosening was observed in 24 patients (21%) and 35 patients (33%), respectively. The multi-rod group showed significantly higher incidence of iliac and UIV screw loosening and lower incidence of rod fracture. Patients with iliac screw loosening had a lower BMD than those without screw loosening; however, no significant differences were observed in the spinopelvic parameters or the ODI score. Conclusions: The use of multi-rod constructs led to a higher incidence of junctional screw loosening than the use of conventional two-rod constructs, especially in patients with osteoporosis. Iliac screw loosening did not affect sagittal alignment or clinical outcome in the short term.
Masanao Era,Tomohiro Kobayashi,Mitsuharu Noto 한국물리학회 2005 Current Applied Physics Vol.5 No.1
Oriented thin lms of lead bromide-based layered perovskite having an organicinorganic superlattice structure, which iscombined with a lead bromide semiconductor layer and an organic layer of carbazole-linked ammonium molecules, were suc-cessfully prepared by spin-coating from dimethylformamide solution in which stoichiometric amounts of PbBr2 and carbazole-linked ammonium bromides were dissolved. The thin lms exhibited sharp exciton absorption around 400 nm which is characteristicof PbBr-based layered perovskite in addition to absorptions due to carbazole chromophore peaking around 350 and 300 nm. X-raydiraction measurement demonstrated that the layer structure was oriented parallel to the lm plane: the spin-coated lms exhibitedonly (00n) reections, wherec-axis is in the stacking direction of the layer structure.
Masanao Obayashi,Tomohiro Nishida,Takashi Kuremoto,Kunikazu Kobayashi,Liang-Bing Feng 제어로봇시스템학회 2010 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2010 No.10
This paper concerns about a way of intellectualization of robots (called "agent" here). Human learns incidents by own actions and reflects them on the subsequent actions as own experiences. These experiences are memorized in his/her brain and recollected and reused if necessary. This research incorporates such an intelligent information processing mechanism, and applies it to an autonomous agent that has three main functions that is, learning, memorization and associative recollection. In the proposed system, an actor-critic type reinforcement learning method is used for learning. For memorization, we introduce the chaotic auto-associative model that is proposed by Chartier, and that is also used like mutual associative memory system. Moreover, to deal with the increase of information, the memory part has an adaptive hierarchical layered structure of the memory module that consists of chaotic neural networks, especially for multi-valued pattern. Finally, the effectiveness of this proposed method is verified through the simulation applied to the maze-searching problem.
Masanori Shimodaira,Tomohiro Niwa,Koji Nakajima,Mutsuhiro Kobayashi,Norinao Hanyu,Tomohiro Nakayama 대한당뇨병학회 2014 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.38 No.4
Background: Increased triglycerides (TGs) and decreased high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels are established as diabetic risks for nondiabetic subjects. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship among TG, HDL-C, TG/HDL-C ratio, and early-phase insulin secretion in normoglycemic and prediabetic subjects. Methods: We evaluated 663 Japanese subjects who underwent the 75-g oral glucose tolerance test. On the basis of these results, the subjects were divided into four groups: those with normal glucose tolerance (NGT; n=341), isolated impaired fasting glucose (i-IFG; n=211), isolated impaired glucose tolerance (i-IGT; n=71), and combined IFG and IGT (IFG+IGT; n=40). Insulin secretion was estimated by the insulinogenic index (IGI) (Δinsulin/Δglucose [30 to 0 minutes]) and disposition index (DI) (IGI/homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance). Results: In prediabetic subjects (i-IFG, i-IGT, and IFG+IGT), linear regression analyses revealed that IGI and DI were positively correlated with HDL-C levels. Moreover, in subjects with i-IGT and (IFG+IGT), but not with i-IFG, the indices of insulin secretion were negatively correlated with the log-transformed TG and TG/HDL-C ratio. In both the subjects with i-IGT, multivariate linear regression analyses revealed that DI was positively correlated with HDL-C and negatively with log-transformed TG and TG/HDL-C ratio. On the other hand, in subjects with NGT, there was no association between insulin secretion and lipid profiles. Conclusion: These results revealed that serum TG and HDL-C levels have different impacts on early-phase insulin secretion on the basis of their glucose tolerance status.
Fumiaki Ishibashi,Konomi Kobayashi,Keita Fukushima,Ryu Tanaka,Tomohiro Kawakami,Junko Kato,Kazuaki Sugihara 대한소화기내시경학회 2020 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.53 No.6
Background/Aims: While Helicobacter pylori (HP)-negative gastric cancer is frequently reported, little is known about the predictors for detecting HP-negative early gastric cancer (EGC). We aimed to evaluate the predictors for the detection of HP-negative EGC. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 13,477 consecutive asymptomatic cases where upper endoscopy was performed by nine physicians from April 2017 to March 2019 and analyzed the detection rate of high-risk lesions (HRLs), including EGC, tubular adenoma, and lymphoma, according to the status of HP infection. The observation time was corrected for multiple regression analyses. Results: For all physicians, the average observation time for screening HP-eradicated and -naïve patients was shorter than that for screening HP-positive patients (p<0.05). Multiple regression analyses revealed that the observation time in the three groups was an independent predictor for detecting HRLs in HP-eradicated patients (p=0.03106, 0.01263, and 0.02485, respectively), while experience of endoscopy was an independent predictor for detecting HRLs in HP-naïve patients (p=0.02638). Conclusions: While observation time during screening endoscopy was a quality indicator for detecting HRLs in HP-eradicated patients, experience of endoscopy was a quality indicator for detecting HRLs in HP-naïve patients.
Progressive Relapse of Ligamentum Flavum Ossification Following Decompressive Surgery
Kei Ando,Shiro Imagama,Zenya Ito,Kazuyoshi Kobayashi,Junichi Ukai,Akio Muramoto,Ryuichi Shinjo,Tomohiro Matsumoto,Hiroaki Nakashima,Naoki Ishiguro 대한척추외과학회 2014 Asian Spine Journal Vol.8 No.6
Thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum (T-OLF) is a relatively rare spinal disorder that generally requires surgical intervention, due to its progressive nature and the poor response to conservative therapy. The prevalence of OLF has been reported at 3.8%–26%, which is similar to that of cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL). The progression of OPLL after cervical laminoplasty for the treatment of OPLL is often shown in long-term follow-up. However, there have been no reports on the progression of OLF following surgery. We report a case of thoracic myelopathy secondary to the progressive relapse of OLF following laminectomy.
Go Yoshida,Tomohiko Hasegawa,Yu Yamato,,Sho Kobayashi,Oe Shin,Tomohiro Banno,Yuuki Mihara,Hideyuki Arima,Hiroki Ushirozako,Tatsuya Yasuda,Daisuke Togawa,Yukihiro Matsuyama 대한척추외과학회 2019 Asian Spine Journal Vol.13 No.1
Study Design: Retrospective study. Purpose: To calculate the minimum clinically important difference (MCID) for total and individual domains of the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and assess score distribution and changes over time in surgically treated adult spinal deformity (ASD) patients. Overview of Literature: Despite the common use of ODI for assessing ASD, there are no robust studies defining MCID values for this index. Methods: This study included 240 consecutive ASD patients with a minimum of 2 years of follow-up. We calculated MCID values for total and individual ODI domains using all or part of the Scoliosis Research Society-22R questionnaire as anchors. Using current MCID values, we measured the acquisition rates in patients who acquired MCID at follow-up in both total and individual ODI domains. Differences in pathology, age, and locations of the upper and lower instrumented vertebrae were analyzed. Results: MCID of the total ODI score was 11%, with an area under the curve of 0.737. Each domain ranged from 0 to 2, with 1 being the most common value. In the pain and standing domains, >60% of the patients acquired MCID, although acquisition rates of the personal care, lifting, sleep, and sexual activity domains were relatively low (20%–35%). Patients with MCID had more radiographic improvement in lumbar lordosis, sagittal vertical axis, and T1 pelvic angle than those without MCID (p <0.05). Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first study to describe MCID of ODI (11%) after ASD surgery. In the pain and standing domains, most patients acquired MCID although the rates of acquisition of MCID in the personal care, lifting, sleep, and sexual activity domains were low. Spine surgeons should counsel their patients regarding the benefits and setbacks of ASD surgery.