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Trustworthy Livestock Management System based on AIoT
Taeyong Yun,Tai-Won Um,Jinsul Kim 한국디지털콘텐츠학회 2023 The Journal of Contents Computing Vol.5 No.2
Due to the difficulty in finding labor and rising labor costs in the livestock industry, there is a growing demand for smart livestock farming, which combines advanced IT technology with traditional livestock management. Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT), which incorporates Artificial Intelligence (AI) into Internet of Things (IoT) devices, is being touted as a technology that can detect livestock diseases and changes in the barn environment, and respond quickly and automatically to problem situations without human intervention to increase productivity. However, trust issues due to malfunctions and failures are recognized as a barrier to the use of these AIoT devices in smart livestock farms. This paper proposes a highly trustworthy AIoT technology for smart livestock farms. Specifically, image recognition-based AIoT devices for smart livestock farms and their trust management techniques are described.
Coxsackie and Adenovirus Receptor Binding Ablation Reduces Adenovirus Liver Tropism and Toxicity
Yun, Chae-Ok,Yoon, A-Rum,Yoo, Ji Young,Kim, Hoguen,Kim, Minjung,Ha, Taeyong,Kim, Gwi Eon,Kim, Hyunhee,Kim, Joo-Hang Mary Ann Liebert 2005 Human gene therapy Vol.16 No.2
<P>Human adenovirus-based vectors have emerged as a new promising vehicle for in vivo gene transfer-mediated therapy. However, the full potential of this methodology has not been fully realized because of the nonspecific tissue distribution of adenoviral vectors. Adenovirus infection is initiated by forming a complex between the fiber protein and a ubiquitously expressed host cell membrane protein, coxsackie B virus and adenovirus receptor (CAR). Therefore, ablating the adenovirus vector's ability to bind to the CAR is the first step in redirecting adenoviral tropism. To ablate CAR binding, we mutated the Bbeta sheet of the fiber knob, generating CAR-binding ablated replication-incompetent (dl-K420A-Z) and replication-competent (YKLK420A) adenoviral vectors. The in vitro transduction efficiency of dl-K420A-Z was significantly reduced in comparison to dl-LacZ carrying the wild-type fiber in CAR-positive cells but not in CAR-negative cells, suggesting that the mutation introduced in the Bbeta sheet of the fiber knob could disable the CAR-dependent transduction pathway. The in vivo transduction was also dramatically reduced in the liver and other organs for mice treated with dl-K420A-Z, compared with a cognate control vector, dl-LacZ. Concomitant with this attenuated gene transfer efficiency in vivo was a substantial reduction in the amount of general toxicity observed in the YKL-K420A-treated mice. Diminished toxicity was surmised from quantitative measurement of serum level of enzymes for liver and kidney function, hematologic chemistries, histopathology, and differences in lethality. Significant decrease in serum transaminases (alanine transferase [ALT] and aspartate transferase [AST]) was observed in mice treated with YKL-K420A. In addition, the lethality was lower in the YKLK420A- treated groups compared to the YKL-1-treated groups at all doses examined. Furthermore, the hepatopathologic analysis revealed that YKL-1 induced focal zonal necrosis and hepatocyte degeneration, while YKL-K420A induced mild spotty necrosis. In summary, this decreased vector tropism of CAR-binding ablated adenoviruses in normal tissues may increase the amount of virus available for infecting tumor cells and thus increase the antitumor efficacy with fewer unwanted side effects.</P>
Mandible Reconstruction with 3D Virtual Planning
Woo, Taeyong,Kraeima, Joep,Kim, Yong Oock,Kim, Young Seok,Roh, Tai Suk,Lew, Dae Hyun,Yun, In Sik International Society for Simulation Surgery 2015 Journal of International Society for Simulation Su Vol.2 No.2
The fibula free flap has now become the most reliable and frequently used option for mandible reconstruction. Recently, three dimensional images and printing technologies are applied to mandibular reconstruction. We introduce our recent experience of mandibular reconstruction using three dimensionally planned fibula free flap in a patient with gunshot injury. The defect was virtually reconstructed with three-dimensional image. Because bone fragments are dislocated from original position, relocation was necessary. Fragments are virtually relocated to original position using mirror image of unaffected right side of the mandible. A medical rapid prototyping (MRP) model and cutting guide was made with 3D printer. Titanium reconstruction plate was adapted to the MRP model manually. 7 cm-sized fibula bone flap was designed on left lower leg. After dissection, proximal and distal margin of fibula flap was osteotomized by using three dimensional cutting guide. Segmentation was also done as planned. The fibula bone flap was attached to the inner side of the prebent reconstruction plate and fixed with screws. Postoperative evaluation was done by comparison between preoperative planning and surgical outcome. Although dislocated condyle is still not in ideal position, we can see that reconstruction was done as planned.
Correction of Congenital Auricular Deformities Using the Ear-Molding Technique
Woo, Taeyong,Kim, Young Seok,Roh, Tai Suk,Lew, Dae Hyun,Yun, In Sik Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surge 2016 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.43 No.6
Background Studies of the ear-molding technique have emphasized the importance of initiating molding early to achieve the best results. In the present study, we describe the immediate effects and long-term outcomes of this technique, focusing on children who were older than the ideal age of treatment initiation. Methods Patients who visited our institution from July 2014 to November 2015 were included. Medical charts were reviewed to collect data on demographics, the duration of treatment, the types of deformities, and the manner of recognition of the deformity and referral to our institution. Parents were surveyed to assess the degree of improvement, the level of procedural discomfort at the end of treatment, any changes in the shape of the molded auricle, and overall satisfaction 12 months after their last follow-up visits. Results A review of 28 ears in 18 patients was conducted, including the following types of deformities: constricted ear (64.2%), Stahl ear (21.4%), prominent ear (7.1%), and cryptotia (7.1%). The average score for the degree of improvement, rated on a 5-point scale (1, very poor; 5, excellent), was 3.5 at the end of treatment, with a score of 2.6 for procedural discomfort (1, very mild; 5, very severe). After 12 months, the shapes of all ears were well maintained. The average overall satisfaction score was 3.6 (1, very dissatisfied; 5, very satisfied). Conclusions We had reasonable outcomes in older patients. After 1 year of follow-up, these outcomes were well maintained. Patients past the ideal age at presentation can still be candidates for the molding technique.
Flashlight-Induced Explosive Chemical Reaction for Fabrication of Flameproof Nickel Electrode
Tae Ho Yun,Ninad B. Velhal,Junhyuck Ahn,Donghyun Lee,Taeyong Kim,Jisoo Kim,Changyong Yim 한국정밀공학회 2023 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.10 No.6
In this study, a unique method is proposed for the fabrication of a high-temperature-operable nickel electrode from nickel hydrazine nitrate (NHN), an explosive substance, using flashlight irradiation. NHN was synthesized by a simple mixing of nickel nitrate and hydrazine in an aqueous solution. When NHN was illuminated by a flashlight (energy density: 6 J/cm2, wavelength: 350–1000 nm, exposure time: 6 ms), it absorbed the light energy and decomposed partially, initiating an explosive chemical reaction with the gas. The temperature of NHN increased instantaneously, causing a local explosive reaction on the surface of the NHN film. The explosion reaction induced a continuous conversion of the NHN film to metallic nickel, resulting in the fabrication of a conductive nickel electrode. The fabricated nickel electrode showed an excellent conductivity (5.1 Ω, 1.2177 Ω/□ and 0.0244 Ω∙cm) and a higher thermal-oxidation resistance (13.7 Ω after the reaction at 400 °C for 30 min) than the conventional copper nanoparticle-based electrode (5 MΩ after the reaction at 250 °C for 30 min). Further, the nickel electrode, as a Joule heater, exhibited a temperature increment of 200 °C at 2.0 V. The applicability of nickel electrodes as a flameproof electrode was simply demonstrated by illuminating a LED bulb at 450 °C. Nickel-based high-temperature electronics was demonstrated by lighting an LED bulb for 60 min. This study demonstrates an advanced technique, that is, the use of the intensive pulse light (IPL) or flashlight to control explosive chemical reactions, which is a significant improvement over the conventional sintering process.
Tae Ho Yun,Taeyong Kim,Man Tae Kim,Ji Hoon Park,Sung Jin Kim 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.126 No.-
Photocathodic protection (PCP) is a promising eco-friend method to reduce the corrosion of metals. Considering industrial applicability, it is imperative to adopt cost-effective materials for implementingPCP on corrosion-vulnerable carbon steel (CS). This study examined the potential of photocatalyticTiO2-polyvinyl butyral (PVB) materials for PCP of CS and stainless steel (STS) using commercially availableP-25 photocatalyst particles. The TiO2-PVB-electrophoretic deposition (EPD) film exhibited theimproved cathodic protection time of STS owing to PVB addition. When the film was applied to varioussubstrates, it achieved a PCP of 0.6 to 0.7 VSCE due to the photogenerated electrons under UV irradiation. For the CS, the PCP potential was maintained for more than 1.5 hours, even after light irradiation. We have found that PCP was achieved by Ecorr > EPCP of CS in an acidic environment, while in a neutral andbasic environment, the corrosion of CS and photocathodic electronation contributed simultaneously toEcorr EPCP. One findings is that the application of PCP effectively reduces the corrosion rate of CS in a3.5% NaCl solution, regardless of the pH of the corrosive environment. This highlights the capability ofPCP as a viable method for mitigating corrosion on CS.