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The etiology of potential small-bowel bleeding depending on patient’s age and gender
Song, Joo Hye,Hong, Sung Noh,Kyung Chang, Dong,Ran Jeon, Seong,Kim, Jin-Oh,Kim, Jinsu,Lee, Bo-In,Choi, Myung-Gyu,Kim, Kyeong Ok,Yang, Dong-Hoon,Song, Hyun Joo,Hyuk Do, Jae,Jeong Lim, Yun,Shim, Ki-Nam SAGE Publications 2018 United European gastroenterology journal Vol.6 No.8
<B>Background</B><P> Whether the etiology of potential small-bowel bleeding depends on the age and gender of the patient is not yet fully understood. </P><B>Methods</B><P> A total of 1953 patients who underwent video capsule endoscopy (VCE) to evaluate potential small-bowel bleeding and were registered in the Capsule Endoscopy Nationwide Database Registry from 2003 to 2014 were eligible for this study. VCE findings and the etiology of small-bowel bleeding were analyzed by age and gender. </P><B>Results</B><P> The diagnostic yield of VCE was 48.4% (95% CI: 46.2%-50.6%) and the diagnosis rate of etiology of potential small-bowel bleeding was 61.4% (95% CI: 59.2%-63.6%). The etiology of potential small-bowel bleeding depends on the age and gender of the patient. Crohn's disease and small-bowel diverticular diseases were more prevalent etiology of potential small-bowel bleeding in the young adults group (@@<@@ 40 years) whereas angiodysplasia was revealed to be a most common etiology in elderly group (≥ 60 years), reaching statistical significance ( p@@<@@0.00152) by Bonferroni correction. </P><B>Conclusions</B><P> The etiology of potential small-bowel bleeding depends on the age of the patient. Thus, an individualized lesion-specific diagnostic approach based on age might be needed for patients with potential small-bowel bleeding. </P>
Song, Chang-Hwa,Nam, Hyun-Hee,An, Jeun-Ok,Lee, Ji-Sook,Kim, Hwa-Jung,Park, Jeong-Kyu,Suhr, Ji-Won,Jung, Sung-Soo,Na, Moon-Jun,Paik, Tae-Hyun,Jo, Eun-Kyeong The Korean Association of Immunobiologists 2002 Immune Network Vol.2 No.3
Background: Our previous study showed that purified protein derivative (PPD)-stimulated pleural mononuclear cells (PMC) from tuberculous pleurisy (Tbp) produced significantly more $IFN-{\gamma}$ (10- to 70-fold) after in vitro PPD stimulation than freshly isolated pleural cells from malignant pleurisy. The present study was designed to determine whether blocking the CD40-CD40 ligand (CD40L) interaction decreases $IFN-{\gamma}$ production by altering IL-12 levels. Methods: IL-12 and $IFN-{\gamma}$ production after neutralizing anti-CD40L antibody treatment was compared to the efficacy of anti-CD80, anti-CD86, and a combination of anti-CD80 and CD86 (CD80+86) monoclonal antibodies (mAb). These activities were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), after in vitro stimulation with PPO antigen (Ag). Results: Neutralization of CD80, CD86 and CD80+86 did not decrease $IFN-{\gamma}$ and IL-12 production in Tbp-PMC, whereas neutralization of CD40L significantly depressed IL-12 p40 and $IFN-{\gamma}$. In addition, neutralization of CD40L completely inhibited IL-12 p40 and $IFN-{\gamma}$ mRNA expression. Conclusion: The CD40-CD40L interaction might play a major role in IL-12 and $IFN-{\gamma}$ production in Tbp-PMC, thus contributing to protective immunity in human tuberculosis.
Sung Min Nam,Sun Shin Yi,Ki-Yeon Yoo,Ok Kyu Park,Bingchun Yan,Wook Song,Moo-Ho Won,Yeo Sung Yoon,Je Kyung Seong 한국실험동물학회 2011 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.27 No.3
Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is believed to be a multifunctional neural modulator that affects synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus. In the present study, we investigated the differential effects of treadmill exercise on COX-2 immunoreactivity in the dentate gyrus in early and chronic diabetic stages in Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats and lean control (ZLC) rats. To this end, ZLC and ZDF rats at 6 or 23 weeks of age were put on a treadmill with or without running for 1 h/day for 5 consecutive days at 16-22 m/min for 5 weeks or 12-16 m/min for 7 weeks, respectively. Treadmill exercise in prediabetic and chronic diabetic rats significantly reduced blood glucose levels. In particular, exercise in the prediabetic rat blocked the onset of diabetes. COX-2 immunoreactivity was mainly detected in the granule cell layer of the dentate gyrus and stratum pyramidale of the CA3 region in all groups. COX-2 immunoreactivity was significantly increased in these regions of ZLC and ZDF rats after treadmill exercise in the early diabetic stage. However, COX-2 immunoreactivity was not changed in these regions in ZDF rats after treadmill exercise in the chronic stage. These results suggest that treadmill exercise in diabetic animals in the chronic stage has limited ability to cause plasticity in the dentate gyrus.
Symbiobacterium toebii sp. nov., Commensal Thermophile Isolated from Korean Compost
SUNG, MOON-HEE,BAE, JIN-WOO,KIM, JOONG-JAE,KIM, KWANG,SONG, JAE-JUN,RHEE, SUNG-KEUN,JEON, CHE OK,CHOI, YOON-HO,HONG, SEUNG-PYO,LEE, SEUNG-GOO,HA, JAE SUK,KANG, GWAN TAE 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2003 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.13 No.6
A thermophilic nonspore-forming rod isolated from hay compost in Korea was subjected to a taxonomic study. The microorganism, designated as SC- IT, was identified as a nitrate-reducing and nonmotile bacterium. Although the strain was negatively Gram-stained, a KOH test showed that the strain SC-1^(T) belonged to a Cram-positive species. Growth was observed between 45 and 70℃. The optimal growth temperature and pH were 60℃ and pH 7.5, respectively. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 65 mol% and the major quinone types were MK-6 and MK-7. A phylogenetic analysis based on 16s rDNA sequences revealed that the strain SC- 1' was most closely related to Symbiohacteriurn thermophilum. However, the level of DNA-DNA relatedness between strain SC- I' and the type strain for Symbiohacteriurn thermophilum was approximately 30%. Accordingly, on the basis of the phenotypic traits and molecular systematic data, the strain SC-I^(T) would appear to represent a new species within the genus Symbiobacterium. The type strain for the new species is named SC-1^(T) (=KCTC 0307BP^(T); DSM 15906^(T)).
A Standardized Pathology Report for Gastric Cancer: 2nd Edition
Sung Hak Lee,Mee-Yon Cho,Young Soo Park,Myeong-Cherl Kook,Baek-Hui Kim,Hye Seung Lee,Dong-Wook Kang,Mi-Jin Gu,Ok Ran Shin,Younghee Choi,Wonae Lee,Hyunki Kim,In Hye Song,Kyoung-Mee Kim,Hee Sung Kim,Guh 대한위암학회 2023 Journal of gastric cancer Vol.23 No.1
The first edition of ‘A Standardized Pathology Report for Gastric Cancer’ was initiated by the Gastrointestinal Pathology Study Group of the Korean Society of Pathologists and published 17 years ago. Since then, significant advances have been made in the pathologic diagnosis, molecular genetics, and management of gastric cancer (GC). To reflect those changes, a committee for publishing a second edition of the report was formed within the Gastrointestinal Pathology Study Group of the Korean Society of Pathologists. This second edition consists of two parts: standard data elements and conditional data elements. The standard data elements contain the basic pathologic findings and items necessary to predict the prognosis of GC patients, and they are adequate for routine surgical pathology service. Other diagnostic and prognostic factors relevant to adjuvant therapy, including molecular biomarkers, are classified as conditional data elements to allow each pathologist to selectively choose items appropriate to the environment in their institution. We trust that the standardized pathology report will be helpful for GC diagnosis and facilitate large-scale multidisciplinary collaborative studies.
( Sang-koo Park ),( Sung-hyuk Lim ),( Chan-woo Park ),( Jin-woo Park ),( Sung-ho Chang ),( Keun-hye Park ),( Hae-ja Park ),( Ji-hye Song ),( Dong-ok Uhm ),( Ki-bong Kim ) 대한임상검사과학회 2011 대한임상검사과학회지(KJCLS) Vol.43 No.1
The purpose of this study was to analyse brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP) wave change data during microvascular decompression (MVD). The nerve function of Cranial Nerve VIII is at risk during MVD. Intraoperative monitoring of BAEP can be a useful tool to decrease the danger of hearing loss. Between January and December 2009, 242 patients had MVD for hemifacial spasm (HFS) and trigeminal neuralgia (TN). Among intraoperative BAEP changes, amplitude of V-V’ was the most frequently observed during cerebellar retraction and decompression step of the MVD procedure. 138 patients (57%) had no BAEP change while 104 patients (42.98%) had BAEP change. 69 patients (28.5%) had Type A-I, 16 patients (6.6%) had Type A-II, 5 patients (2.1%) had Type B, and 13 patients (5.37%) had Type C. MVD is a surgical procedure to relieve the symptoms (e.g. pain, muscle twitching) caused by compression of a nerve by an artery or vein. During BAEP intraoperative monitoring, the surgical step is important in interpreting the changes of wave V. Several potential mechanisms of injury may affect the cochlear nerve, and complete loss of BAEP is often associated with postoperative hearing loss. Intraoperative BAEP monitoring may provide an early warning of hearing disturbance after MVD.
Song, Kyung Seuk,Park, Kun Ho,Yoo, Gi Yong,Song, Sung-Ok,Kim, Hyun Woo,Kim, Jun Sung,Park, Jin Hong,Eu, Guk Joung,Hua, Jin,Cho, Hyun Sun,Hwang, Soon Kyung,Chang, Seung Hee,Tehrani, Arash Minai,Yu, Kye Korean Society of ToxicologyKorea Environmental Mu 2004 Toxicological Research Vol.19 No.3
Inhalation toxicity, mutagenicity, and immunotoxicity tests were performed using a smoke generation system to investigate the safety of Herbrette, a tobacco substitute made with the leaves of Perilla frutescens. ICR mice were exposed to nicotine-free Herbrette smoke with concentrations of 0 (control), 4.08 $\pm$ 1.32 mg/$m^3$ (low dose), 7.72 $\pm$ 2.14 mg/$m^3$ (medium dose) and 12.83 $\pm$ 1.69 mg/$m^3$ (high dose) total particulate matters (TPM) for 4 weeks. When compared to the control group, the body weights, organ weights in the exposed groups did not show any significant differences. However, certain change of several serum chemical data and biochemical parameters were observed, however, the changes were within normal physiological ranges. Moreover, no changes in organ weight, and no gross/microscopic changes were observed between the exposed and control groups. Salmonella typhimurium reverse mutation, in vivo chromosomal aberration and micronucleus assays revealed that Herbrette did not induce mutagenicity. Upon evaluation of peripheral cellular immunity of mice through in vitro lymphocyte proliferation assay, no significant difference was observed in mean stimulation index between the exposed and control groups. Taken together, our results strongly suggest that Herbrette may not cause toxicity on mice under current condition.