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Nam Soo Kim,June Sig Sung,Doo Hwa Hong IEEE 2011 IEEE signal processing letters Vol.18 No.2
<P>One of the most popular approaches to parameter adaptation in hidden Markov model (HMM) based systems is the maximum likelihood linear regression (MLLR) technique. In this letter, we extend MLLR to factored MLLR (FMLLR) in which the MLLR parameters depend on a continuous-valued control vector. Since it is practically impossible to estimate the MLLR parameters for each control vector separately, we propose a compact parametric form of the MLLR parameters. In the proposed approach, each MLLR parameter is represented as an inner product between a regression vector and transformed control vector. We present an algorithm to train the FMLLR parameters based on a general framework of the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm. The proposed approach is applied to adapt the HMM parameters obtained from a database of reading-style speech to singing-style voices while treating the pitches and durations extracted from the musical notes as the control vectors. This enables to efficiently construct a singing voice synthesizer with only a small amount of singing data.</P>
( Sung Woo Park ),( Ki Sung Song ),( Jisu Hong ),( Ae Rin Baek ),( Jong Sook Park ),( June Hyuck Lee ),( An-soo Jang ),( Do Jin Kim ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2020 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.128 No.-
Background OAT is a key enzyme that converts ornithine into proline, an essential precursor of collagen. We previously reported that OAT expression is increased in IPF lung and inhibition of OAT attenuate bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis. EMT is the main process for fibroblast production during lung fibrosis. We investigate the role of OAT in lung fibrosis especially focused on the EMT pathway and its clinical implication in IPF. Methods OAT knockdown A549 alveolar epithelial cell line was treated with TGF-β1. Morphological changes and expression of EMT-related markers, including E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and α-smooth muscle actin were evaluated. Expressions of Smad and non- Smad mediators and EMT- related transcription factors were measured. We measured the OAT level from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in IPF and controls. Results OAT knockdown inhibited the TGF-β1 induced change of the EMT phenotype. OAT knockdown attenuates the TGF-β1 induced increase in the phosphorylation of Smad 2 and 3 as well as that of ERK and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase mediators. In addition, OAT knockdown reduced TGF-β1 induced expression of EMT transcription factors; Twist, Slug, and Snail 1. OAT levels in IPF BALF are reversely correlated with FVC (% pred.) and DLCO (% pred.). Conclusions Inhibition of OAT attenuates BLM induced lung fibrosis via suppressing of TGF-β1 induced EMT pathways. OAT lung level is associated with lung function decline in IPF. Taken together, regulation of OAT could be a therapeutic target and surrogate marker in fibrotic lung disease. [Grant :NRF-2019R1A2C100635]
Hong, Young June,Lee, Sung Hee,Uhm, Han Sup,Choi, Eun Ha Elsevier 2011 CURRENT APPLIED PHYSICS Vol.11 No.5
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>We have generated Ar plasma in dense plasma focus (DPF) of hypocycloidal pinch (HCP) for extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography and investigated an emitted visible light for electro-optical plasma diagnostics. We have applied an input voltage 4.5kV to the capacitor bank of 1.53uF, and Ar gas has been filled into a diode chamber. The EUV emission signal whose wavelength is about 6–16nm has been detected by using a photo-detector (AXUV-100 Zr/C, IRD). It has been found that the EUV intensity was decreased as the Ar pressure was increased. For measurement of the electron temperature in plasma pinch for HCP, we have measured the Ar spectrum lines for various Ar pressures with spectrometer (HR4000CG, Ocean Optics). If we assumed that the focused plasma regions satisfy the local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) conditions, the electron temperature of the hypocycloidal pinch could be obtained by Boltzmann plot method of optical emission spectroscopy (OES). The electron temperature has been approximately observed to be 2.6eV at the Ar pressure 1mTorr. The electron temperature and EUV intensity have been measured in accordance with the Ar pressures. It has been shown that the optimized Ar gas pressure is at 1mTorr for the intensive focused plasma.</P>
A Study of Relationship between Traditional Ondol System and Health Medical Science
June bong Kim,Sung goo Kim,Youn sook Hwang,O Hong Sik 국제온돌학회 2011 International Journal of Ondol Vol.2011 No.-
This paper describes the traditional Ondol medical care, the specific combination of ancient and contemporary examples to be articulated. As a traditional Korean culture, to be extracted from the historical perspective, it described the relationship and origins between them, From a health perspective, in accordance with the logic and pharmacology it introduced Ondol as the important principle of health care equipment. The modern architecture of some common harmful to the body, from the perspective of Ondol, it should be improved and based on scientific proof to the theory
A case of propofol-induced oropharyngeal angioedema and bronchospasm
( Hong Woo Cheon ),( Ji Su Han ),( Byung Chul You ),( An Soo Jang ),( Jong Suk Park ),( June Hyuk Lee ),( Sung Woo Park ),( Do Jin Kim ),( Choon Sik Park ) 대한내과학회 2011 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2011 No.1
Introduction: Propofol is a substituted isopropylphenol compound that causes a depression in consciousness. Propofol is thought to be a relatively safe intravenous anesthetic and rare cases of anaphylaxis following propofol administration have been reported. Here we report a patient who experienced an anaphylactic reaction with severe oropharyngeal edema and bronchospasm during few minutes after receiving propofol during endoscopic examination. Case report: A 74-year-old woman visited our hospital to undergo esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) for a check-up. She had an allergy to soybean, but she had no other remarkable medical history. Sedation was induced with 15 mg intravenous propofol. 1 min following administration of propofol, stridor was heard and oxygen saturation fell to 56% on pulse oximetry. We tried to remove the endoscope. But, the endoscope has stuck in her throat and it was not pulled out. We removed the endoscope by compulsion. After 10 seconds endoscope removal, severe wheezing was heard and her oxygen saturation fell to 56%. Marked swelling of the epiglottis was detected. Immediately 1 mg epinephrine was administered subcutaneously, together with 125 mg methylprednisolone was infused intravenously. Because the patient was not improved in symptom after 1 minute, 1 mg epinephrine was administered intravenously. After 1minute, her oxygen saturation recovered to 98%and the wheezing was subsided. Skin-prick tests showed immediate reaction for propofol and 20% Intralipid. So we suspected soybean in intralipid, a component of propofol as the cause of this anaphylaxis. She was informed of the results and of the risk for anaphylaxis if re-exposed to propofol or nutritional supplements containing soybean.
Hong Sung Woo,Kim Keon Hyeong,Huh June,Ahn Cheol-Hee,Jo Won Ho The Polymer Society of Korea 2005 Macromolecular Research Vol.13 No.5
To explore the potential of shell crosslinked micelle (SCM) as a drug carrier, the drug release behavior of poly($\varepsilon$-caprolactone)-b-poly(acrylic acid) (PCL-b-PAA) SCMs was investigated. PCL-b-PAA was synthesized by ring opening polymerization of $\varepsilon$-caprolactone and atom transfer radical polymerization of tert-butyl acrylate, followed by selective hydrolysis of tert-butyl ester groups to acrylic acid groups. The resulting amphiphilic polymer was used to prepare SCMs by crosslinking of PAA corona via amidation chemistry. The drug release behavior of the SCMs was studied, using pyrene as a model drug, and was compared with that of non-crosslinked micelles, especially below the critical micelle concentration (CMC). When the shell layers were crosslinked, the drug release behavior of the SCMs was successfully modulated at a controlled rate compared with that of the non-crosslinked micelles, which showed a burst release of drug within a short time.
Hong, Youngtae,Yu, Seung Shin,Yoon, Nam-Kyung,Kang, Sung June,Lee, Jun-Tae,Kim, Sujeong,Kim, Jong-Mook,Lee, Karim,Jang, Ji-Won,Kim, Sunyoung John Wiley Sons, Ltd. 2008 The journal of gene medicine Vol.10 No.8
<B>Background</B><P>The use of retroviral vectors has shown an actual clinical benefit in a few inherited diseases. However, the occurrence of cases of leukemia after the X-SCID gene therapy trial raised concerns about the safety of insertional mutagenesis inherent to the biology of the retrovirus. Although the retrovirus has long been known to integrate into the host chromosome, and thus have the potential to activate the nearby gene, there has been no convenient method of studying or assaying such a cis-activation phenomenon.</P><B>Methods</B><P>In the present study, we report an in vitro assay system in which the effect of retroviral integration on the expression of the neighbouring gene can be studied. In this system, a retroviral vector and the neighbouring reporter gene were constructed in a single plasmid as if it had integrated into the chromosome.</P><B>Results</B><P>Using this assay, we found that the full-length long terminal repeat (LTR) could indeed activate the neighbouring gene expression from a distance and the magnitude of its activation was highly increased when this LTR was placed in the vicinity of the transcription start site of the gene, whereas the truncated LTR exerted little influence.</P><B>Conclusions</B><P>This assay system might provide a useful tool for selecting the appropriate vector structure, as well as for studying the molecular mechanism underlying the cis-activation by the viral LTR. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</P>
Hydrogen Peroxide- and Nitric Oxide-mediated Disease Control of Bacterial Wilt in Tomato Plants
Hong, Jeum Kyu,Kang, Su Ran,Kim, Yeon Hwa,Yoon, Dong June,Kim, Do Hoon,Kim, Hyeon Ji,Sung, Chang Hyun,Kang, Han Sol,Choi, Chang Won,Kim, Seong Hwan,Kim, Young Shik The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2013 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.29 No.4
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in tomato plants by Ralstonia solanacearum infection and the role of hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$) and nitric oxide in tomato bacterial wilt control were demonstrated. During disease development of tomato bacterial wilt, accumulation of superoxide anion ($O_2{^-}$) and $H_2O_2$ was observed and lipid peroxidation also occurred in the tomato leaf tissues. High doses of $H_2O_2$ and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) nitric oxide donor showed phytotoxicity to detached tomato leaves 1 day after petiole feeding showing reduced fresh weight. Both $H_2O_2$ and SNP have in vitro antibacterial activities against R. solanacearum in a dose-dependent manner, as well as plant protection in detached tomato leaves against bacterial wilt by $10^6$ and $10^7$ cfu/ml of R. solanacearum. $H_2O_2$- and SNP-mediated protection was also evaluated in pots using soil-drench treatment with the bacterial inoculation, and relative 'area under the disease progressive curve (AUDPC)' was calculated to compare disease protection by $H_2O_2$ and/or SNP with untreated control. Neither $H_2O_2$ nor SNP protect the tomato seedlings from the bacterial wilt, but $H_2O_2$ + SNP mixture significantly decreased disease severity with reduced relative AUDPC. These results suggest that $H_2O_2$ and SNP could be used together to control bacterial wilt in tomato plants as bactericidal agents.