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우측 내정(內庭)자침이 사백(四白)부위의 온도와 습도변화에 미치는 영향
오성종 ( Sung Jong Oh ),이상룡 ( Sang Ryong Lee ) 대한경락경혈학회 2005 Korean Journal of Acupuncture Vol.22 No.3
Objectives: This study was performed to observe the effects of acupuncture at right Nae-jong(ST44) on the temperature and humidity changes of Sa-baek(ST2) area according to the meridian and Keo-ja(巨刺) of oriental medicine`s theory. Methods: A clinical study was done on 13 females who didn`t have any disease. We used LT-8B to observe the effects of acupuncture at right Nae-jong(ST44) on the temperature and humidity changes of Sa-baek(ST2) area. Skin temperature and humidity on right and left Sa-baek(ST2) were measured by LT-8B at 1 minute before acupuncture stimulation, 1 minute and 2 minutes after acupuncture stimulation of right Nae-jong(ST44). Results: 1. After inserting the needle at the right Nae-jong(ST44) point, the temperature at the left Sa-baek(ST2) area rised from 31.60±1.13˚C 1 minute before to 32.24±1.19˚C 1 minute after the insertion and to 32.34±1.23˚C 2 minutes after insertion, what means an elevation by (P<0.05) between the temperature before and 2 minutes after the insertion and still an elevation by (P<0.01) between 1 minute and 2 minutes after insertion. The humidity at the same area decreased by (P<0.01) between 1 minute and 2 minutes after insertion. 2. After stimulating the right Nae-jong(ST44) point the temperature change at the right Sa-baek(ST2) area between before and after the insertion was unremarkable, however the temperature rised by (P<0.05) between 1 minute and 2 minutes after insertion and the humidity decreased by (P<0.05) between 1 minute and 2 minutes after stimulation. 3. Comparing the temperature change between 1 minute and 2 minutes after stimulating the right Nae-jong(ST44) point, we could find a significant difference by (P<0.05) at both Sa-baek(ST2) areas. Concerning the humidity change, there were some average differences but too small for statistic significance.
초음파 주파수 및 반응조건 변화에 따른 나프탈렌 분해효율과 OH 라디칼의 발생량 비교
박종성(Jong Sung Park),박소영(So Young Park),오재일(Jei Ll Oh),정상조(Sang Jo Jeong),이민주(Min Ju Lee),허남국(Nam Guk Her) 大韓環境工學會 2009 대한환경공학회지 Vol.31 No.2
나프탈렌은 휘발성이 있는 소수성 물질로 발암유발 가능성이 있고, 수생태계에 심각한 영향을 미친다. 본 연구는 초음파의 주파수 및 반응조건별 나프탈렌 분해효율과 OH 라디칼 변화량을 조사하였다. C-18 역상칼럼을 이용한 LC/FLD (1200 series, Agilent)로 나프탈렌을 분석한 결과 MDL (Method detection limit)은 0.01 ppm이었다. 초음파 조사 동안 휘발된 나프탈렌은 거의 검출되지 않았고(0.05 ppm 이하), 반응조 덮개 개폐별 나프탈렌 분해효율은 거의 차이를 보이지 않았다(1% 이내). 초음파 반응온도가 증가할수록 나프탈렌 제거효율은 감소하는 경향(15℃: 95%→40℃: 85%)을 보였고, pH가 낮을수록 나프탈렌 분해효율이 증가(pH 12: 84%→pH 3: 95.6%)하였다. 나프탈렌 초기농도의 감소에 따라 반응속도는 증가하는 경향을 보여주었다(2.5 ppm: 27.3×10(-3) min(-1), 5 ppm: 22.7×10(-3) min(-1), 10 ppm: 19.0×10(-3) min(-1)). 동일한 초음파 조건(2.5 ppm 나프탈렌, 0.075 W/mL, 20℃, pH 6.8)에서 28 kHz의 분해효율이 132 kHz보다 약 1.46배 높았고(132 kHz: 56%, 28 kHz: 82.7%), 유사 일차반응 속도상수(k1)도 약 2.3배 높게 나타났다(132 kHz: 2.4×10(-3) min(-1), 28 kHz: 5.0×10(-3) min(-1)). 초음파 조사 10분 후 H₂O₂ 농도는 132 kHz가 28 kHz보다 약 7.2배 높았지만(132 kHz: 0.36 ppm, 28 kHz: 0.05 ppm), 조사 90분 후에는 28 kHz가 132 kHz보다 1.1배 높았다(28 kHz: 0.45 ppm, 132 kHz: 0.4 ppm). 2.5 ppm 나프탈렌 용액에 132 kHz와 28 kHz 초음파 조사시 발생된 H₂O₂ 농도는 초순수에 초음파 조사한 결과보다 각각 0.1 ppm과 0.05 ppm씩 낮게 나타났다. 혼형(24 kHz)과 배스형(28 kHz) 초음파의 나프탈렌 분해효율은 각각 87%와 82.7%였고, k1은 22.8×10(-3) min(-1)와 18.7×10(-3) min(-1)로 산출되었다. 다주파 복합형 초음파 시스템(28 kHz 배스형+24 kHz 혼형 초음파)의 나프탈렌 분해효율은 단일주파수 24 kHz(혼형)와 비슷한 제거효율을 보였으나(88%), H₂O₂의 농도는 약 3.5배 높게 조사되었다(28 kHz+24 kHz: 2.37 ppm, 24 kHz: 0.7 ppm). 이와 같은 다주파 복합형 초음파 시스템은 OH 라디칼에 의해 산화가 잘 일어나는 물질의 분해에 매우 효과적으로 적용될 수 있을 것으로 예상된다. Naphthalene is a volatile, hydrophobic, and possibly carcinogenic compound that is known to have a severe detrimental effect to aquatic ecosystem. Our research examined the effects of various operating conditions (temperature, pH, initial concentration, and frequency and type of ultrasound) on the sonochemical degradation of naphthalene and OH radical production. The MDL (Method detection limit) determined by LC/FLD (1200 series, Agilient) using C-18 reversed column is measured up to 0.01 ppm. Naphthalene vapor produced from ultrasound irradiation was detected under 0.05 ppm. Comparison of naphthalene sonodegradion efficiency tested under open and closed reactor cover fell within less than 1% of difference. Increasing the reaction temperature from 15℃ to 40℃ resulted in reduction of naphthalene degradation efficiency (15℃: 95%→40℃: 85%), and altering pH from 12 to 3 increased the effect (pH 12: 84%→pH 3: 95.6%). Pseudo first-order constants (k1) of sonodegradation of naphthalene decreased as initial concentration of naphthalene increased (2.5 ppm: 27.3×10(-3) min(-3)→10 ppm : 19.0×10(-3) min(-3)). Degradation efficiency of 2.5 ppm of naphthalene subjected to 28 kHz of ultrasonic irradiation was found to be 1.46 times as much as when exposed under 132 kHz (132 kHz: 56%, 28 kHz: 82.7%). Additionally, its k1 constant was increased by 2.3 times (132 kHz: 2.4×10(-3) min(-1), 28 kHz: 5.0×10(-3) min(-1)). H₂O₂ concentration measured 10 minutes after the exposure to 132 kHz of ultrasound, when compared with the measurement under frequency of 28 kHz, was 7.2 times as much. The concentration measured after 90 minutes, however, showed the difference of only 10%. (concentration of H₂O₂ under 28 kHz being 1.1 times greater than that under 132 kHz.) The H₂O₂ concentration resulting from 2.5 ppm naphthalene after 90 minutes of sonication at 24 kHz and 132 kHz were lower by 0.05 and 0.1 ppm, respectively, than the concentration measured from the irradiated M.Q. water (no naphthalene added.) Degradation efficiency of horn type (24 kHz) and bath type (28 kHz) ultrasound was found to be 87% and 82.7%, respectively, and k1 was calculated into 22.8×10(-3) min(-1) and 18.7×10(-3) min(-1), respectively. Using the multi- frequency and mixed type of ultrasound system (28 kHz bath type+24 kHz horn type) simultaneously resulted in combined efficiency of 88.1%, while H₂O₂ concentration increased 3.5 times (28 kHz+24 kHz: 2.37 ppm, 24 kHz: 0.7 ppm.) Therefore, the multi-frequency and mixed type of ultrasound system procedure might be most effectively used for removing the substances that are easily oxidized by the OH radical.
Oh, Jae Hwan,Park, Sung Chan,Kim, Min Jung,Park, Byung Kwan,Hyun, Jong Hee,Chang, Hee Jin,Han, Kyung Su,Sohn, Dae Kyung The Korean Surgical Society 2016 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.91 No.4
<P><B>Purpose</B></P><P>To evaluate the feasibility of transanal total mesorectal excision (TME) in patients with rectal cancer.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>This study enrolled 12 patients with clinically node negative rectal cancer located 4–12 cm from the anal verge who underwent transanal endoscopic TME with the assistance of single port laparoscopic surgery between September 2013 and August 2014. The primary endpoint was TME quality; secondary endpoints included number of harvested lymph nodes and postoperative complications within 30 days (NCT01938027).</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>The 12 patients included 7 males and 5 females, of median age 59 years and median body mass index 24.2 kg/m<SUP>2</SUP>. Tumors were located on average 6.7 cm from the anal verge. Four patients (33.3%) received preoperative chemoradiotherapy. Median operating time was 195 minutes and median blood loss was 50 mL. There were no intraoperative complications and no conversions to open surgery. TME was complete or nearly complete in 11 patients (91.7%). Median distal resection and circumferential resection margins were 18.5 mm and 10 mm, respectively. Median number of harvested lymph nodes was 15. Median length of hospital stay was 9 days. There were no postoperative deaths. Six patients experienced minor postoperative complications, including urinary dysfunction in 2, transient ileus in 3, and wound abscess in 1.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>This pilot study showed that high-quality TME was possible in most patients without serious complications. Transanal TME for patients with rectal cancer may be feasible and safe, but further investigations are necessary to evaluate its long-term functional and oncologic outcomes and to clarify its indications.</P>
Jong Bin Bae,Subin Lee,Hyunwoo Oh,Jinkyeong Sung,Dongsoo Lee,Ji Won Han,Jun Sung Kim,Jae Hyoung Kim,Sang Eun Kim,Ki Woong Kim 대한신경정신의학회 2023 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.20 No.12
Objective A deep learning-based classification system (DLCS) which uses structural brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to diagnose Alzheimer’s disease (AD) was developed in a previous recent study. Here, we evaluate its performance by conducting a single-center, case-control clinical trial.Methods We retrospectively collected T1-weighted brain MRI scans of subjects who had an accompanying measure of amyloid-beta (Aβ) positivity based on a 18F-florbetaben positron emission tomography scan. The dataset included 188 Aβ-positive patients with mild cognitive impairment or dementia due to AD, and 162 Aβ-negative controls with normal cognition. We calculated the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of the DLCS in the classification of Aβ-positive AD patients from Aβ-negative controls.Results The DLCS showed excellent performance, with sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and AUC of 85.6% (95% confidence interval [CI], 79.8–90.0), 90.1% (95% CI, 84.5–94.2), 91.0% (95% CI, 86.3–94.1), 84.4% (95% CI, 79.2–88.5), and 0.937 (95% CI, 0.911–0.963), respectively.Conclusion The DLCS shows promise in clinical settings where it could be routinely applied to MRI scans regardless of original scan purpose to improve the early detection of AD.
Application of Hot Start PCR Method in PCR-based Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis
Sung Ah Kim,Moon Joo Kang,Hee Sun Kim,Sun Kyung Oh,Seung-yup Ku,Young Min Choi,Jong Kwan Jun,Shin Yong Moon 대한의학유전학회 2012 대한의학유전학회지 Vol.9 No.1
Purpose: To determine a method to improve the efficacy and accuracy of preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR), we compared hot start PCR and conventional multiplex nested PCR. Materials and Methods: This study was performed with single lymphocyte isolated from whole blood samples that were obtained from two couples with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). We proceeded with conventional multiplex nested PCR and hot start PCR in which essential reaction components were physically removed, and we compared the amplification rate, allele dropout rate and nonspecific products. Afterward, we used selective method for PGD. Results: In the two couples, the respective amplification rate were 93.5% and 80.0% using conventional multiplex nested PCR and 95.5% and 92.0% using hot start PCR. The respective mean allele dropout rates for the two couples were 42.0% and 14.0% with conventional multiplex nested PCR and 36.0% and 6.0% with hot start PCR. Conclusion: The results demonstrate that the hot start PCR procedure provides higher amplification rates and lower allele dropout rate than the conventional method and that it decreased the nonspecific band in multiplex nested PCR. The hot start method is more efficient for analyzing a single blastomere in clinical PGD.