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劉善美,林起龍,嚴基鎭,文永熙 조선대학교 약학연구소 1993 藥學硏究誌 Vol.15 No.1
This study was attempted to examine the effect of Sopung-Tang extract(STE) on anti-inflammatory action in rats, analqesic action and the acute, subacute toxicity in mice. In anti-inflammatory activity in rats, STE was shown to have significant preventive effect in the edema induced by Freund's conplete adjuvant and 5% acetic acid. In analgesic activity in mice, STE was shown to have significant analgesic action on the writhing syndrome in mice induced by 0.7% acetic acid. In acute toxicity test in mice, STE showed 10% mortality at 2000㎎/㎏ . and 1200㎎/㎏ i.p. In subacute toxicity test in mice, STE was not showed for 19 days. Serum uric acid in treated by adjuvant method rats were slightly decreaced by comparing with the control group. During the administration of extracts the body weight increased, but the liver and spleen weight was not changed.
Ji-Young Um(Ji-Young Um),Hye-Yeon Park(Hye-Yeon Park),Sun-Young Yoon(Sun-Young Yoon) The International Academy of Global Business and T 2023 The International Academy of Global Business and T Vol.19 No.1
Purpose - COVID-19 has dramatically changed the business landscape, and the travel industry is no exception. The industry is undergoing a paradigm shift to the platform business, and traditional travel agencies are moving their businesses to online platforms. However, in this irreversible global paradigm shift, it is not easy for travel companies to hire and retain employees, especially companies in the IT sector. Studies typically study consumers, such as selection attributes and satisfaction with travel platforms. However, to the best of our knowledge, there have been almost no studies on employees. This study explored how the empowerment of online travel platform employees influences their perceived person-environment (P-E) fit and work engagement. Design/Methodology/Approach - We analyzed data from 352 employees of 26 domestic online travel platforms who were surveyed in January and February 2021. After coding the collected data, we analyzed it using frequency, exploratory factor, reliability, correlation, and multiple regression analyses using IBM SPSS Statistics, ver. 20.0. Findings - First, enhancing the meaningfulness of work and organizational autonomy influences personjob (P-J) fit and person-organization (P-O) fit. Second, enhancing the meaningfulness of work significantly influences vigor, dedication, and absorption in terms of work engagement, while organizational autonomy significantly influences work engagement vigor. Third, P-J fit and P-O fit influence the vigor of work engagement, and P-O fit influences dedication and absorption. Research Implications - This study demonstrated that the empowerment of travel platform employees can improve perceived P-E fit and work engagement. Thus, if organizations guarantee some degree of empowerment, employees will be energized and engaged more in their workplace. Finally, this helps expand the scope of online travel platform research from the perspective of personnel organization.
( Sun Young Yim ),( Tae Hyung Kim ),( Suh Sang Jun ),( Eun Sun Kim ),( Bora Keum ),( Yeon Seok Seo ),( Hyung Joon Yim ),( Yoon Tae Jeen ),( Hoon Jai Chun ),( Hong Sik Lee ),( Soon Ho Um ),( Chang Duck 대한간학회 2017 Gut and Liver Vol.11 No.3
Background/Aims: We aimed to clarify the association of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)/hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) with the disease status and treatment response in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Methods: We investigated 171 biopsy-proven entecavir-treated CHB patients (109 hepatitis B e antigen [HBeAg]-positive, 62 HBeAg-negative). HBcAg expression was positive when ≥10% of hepatocytes stained, and classified into nuclear, mixed, and cytoplasmic patterns. HBsAg expressions were intracytoplasmic (diffuse, globular, and submembranous) and membranous. The histologic activity index (HAI) and fibrosis stage followed Ishak system. Results: In HBeAg-positive patients, older age, increased HAI score, advanced fibrosis, and reduced viral load were observed when HBcAg expression shifted from nucleus to cytoplasm in HBcAg-positive patients, and HBsAg expression from non-submembranous to submembranous in HBcAg-negative patients (all, p<0.05). In HBeAg-negative patients, only intracytoplasmic HBsAg expression patterns had clinical relevance with decreased ALT levels and viremia. In HBeAg-positive patients without favorable predictors of virologic response, negative HBcAg and membranous HBsAg expression predicted greater virologic response (both, p<0.05). The probability of HBeAg seroclearance was higher in patients with increased HAI or lacking HBcAg expression (both, p<0.05). Higher serum HBsAg levels and hepatocyte HBcAg positivity were associated with reduced serum HBsAg during first and post-first year treatment, respectively (both, p<0.05). Conclusions: Hepatocyte HBcAg/HBsAg expression is a good marker for disease status and predicting treatment response. (Gut Liver 2017;11:417-425)
Young-Kug Choo, Jae-Sung Ryu, Malg-Um Lim, Mi-Ran Hwang, Hyun-Ki Min, Gislain Moussavou, Ji-Su Kim, Sun-Uk Kim, Kisung Ko, Young-Ho Cho, Sang-Yoon Nam, Kyu-Tae Chang 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2012 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.13 No.4
Flavonoids have a range of biological activities, including anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, and anti-cancer activities, as demonstrated by in vitro studies. In this study, we investigated whether luteolin can be applied to suppression of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated inflammatory responses in murine macrophages. Luteolin was found to reduce nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-stimulated Raw 264.7 cells. In addition, expression of inducible nitric oxide synthetase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrotic factor-α (TNF-α) at the mRNA and protein levels were decreased. These inhibitory effects were found to be caused by the blockade of nuclear factor kappa-light- chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) activation and phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase family, extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38 MAP kinase. In addition, pre-treatment with luteolin resulted in reduced ganglioside expression levels and inhibited expression of GT1b in Raw 264.7 cells. On the basis of these observations, we suggest that luteolin has potential as an anti-inflammatory drug candidate, and ganglioside GT1b may play a role in the inflammatory process.
Um, Hae Young,Kong, Hyun Gi,Lee, Hyoung Ju,Choi, Hye Kyung,Park, Eun Jin,Kim, Sun Tae,Murugiyan, Senthilkumar,Chung, Eunsook,Kang, Kyu Young,Lee, Seon-Woo The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2013 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.29 No.4
Environmental stresses induce several plant pathogenic bacteria into a viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state, but the basis for VBNC is largely uncharacterized. We investigated the physiology and morphology of the copper-induced VBNC state in the plant pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum in liquid microcosm. Supplementation of $200{\mu}M$ copper sulfate to the liquid microcosm completely suppressed bacterial colony formation on culture media; however, LIVE/DEAD BacLight bacterial viability staining showed that the bacterial cells maintained viability, and that the viable cells contain higher level of DNA. Based on electron microscopic observations, the bacterial cells in the VBNC state were unchanged in size, but heavily aggregated and surrounded by an unknown extracellular material. Cellular ribosome contents, however, were less, resulting in a reduction of the total RNA in VBNC cells. Proteome comparison and reverse transcription PCR analysis showed that the Dps protein production was up-regulated at the transcriptional level and that 2 catalases/peroxidases were present at lower level in VBNC cells. Cell aggregation and elevated levels of Dps protein are typical oxidative stress responses. $H_2O_2$ levels also increased in VBNC cells, which could result if catalase/peroxidase levels are reduced. Some of phenotypic changes in VBNC cells of R. solanacearum could be an oxidative stress response due to $H_2O_2$ accumulation. This report is the first of the distinct phenotypic changes in cells of R. solanacearum in the VBNC state.
( Young Kul Jung ),( Tae Hyung Kim ),( Han Ah Lee ),( Sun Young Yim ),( Young-sun Lee ),( Ji Hoon Kim ),( Yeon Seok Seo ),( Hyung Joon Yim ),( Jong Eun Yeon ),( Kwan Soo Byun ),( Soon Ho Um ) 대한간학회 2020 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2020 No.1
Aims: Sofosbuvir (SOF) and ribavirin (RBV) for 12 or 16 weeks is recommended for treatment of patients with HCV genotype (GT) 2 infected patients in KASL guideline based on clinical trials. Whether sustained virological response of HCV infection has any beneficial effect on improvement of liver fibrosis associated with chronic HCV infection remains unclear. We investigated to assess the effects on liver fibrosis of at least 2 years through follow-up liver biopsy and fibroelastography after treatment with sofosbuvir plus ribavirin for HCV G2 infection. Methods: Three tertiary center, prospective observational cohort study evaluates clinical practice data (Korea university Anam, Guro, and Ansan) between January 2015 and December 2019. Clinical data were centrally collected from medical records. The efficacy outcome was sustained virological response 12 weeks after therapy (SVR12). The degree of liver fibrosis was evaluated by APRI score, FIB-4, fibroelestography and paired liver tissue biopsy. Results: 146 patients were visited and 131 patients were treated SOF plus RBV during 12 weeks (n=122) or 16 weeks (n=9). Overall, EVR, ETR, and SVR12 by ITT analysis were 90.0%, 96.2% and 87%. In addition, EVR, ETR, and SVR12 by PP analysis 97.5%, 99.2% and 96.3%, respectively. In subgroup analysis, SVR12 in patients with treatment-naïve and treatment-experience were 97.2% or 94.7%, respectively. SVR12 in patients with and without cirrhosis were 94.4% and 97.4%, respectively. Finally 106 patients showed sutained virological response and follow up 2 year after treatment. The mean APRI score was 0.57 before treatment, but improved to 0.27 at 2 year after treatment (P=0.004). The mean FIB-4 score was 2.15 before treatment, but improved to 1.53 at 2 year after treatment (P=0.004). The mean fibroelastography value was 10.81 kPa before treatment, but improved to 4.75 kPa at 2 year after treatment (P=0.008). Follow-up liver tissue biopsies were done in 8 patients and fibrosis was evaluated by Metavir score (F0-4). Almost all patient except one showed improvement of cirrhosis (≥1 unit decrease in Metavir score, P=0.031). Conclusions: SOF and RBV was safe and effective for treatment of patients with HCV GT2 infection. In patients with sustained virological response 2 year after SOF and RBV, the improvement or regression of liver fibrosis could be observed in biochemical and histological aspect.
Caveolin-1 Promotes Hepatocarcinogenesis in Cirrhotic Liver
( Sun Young Yim ),( Ji-hyun Shin ),( Yun Seong Jeong ),( Sang-hee Kang ),( Young Nyun Park ),( Yeon Seok Seo ),( Soon Ho Um ),( Ju- Seog Lee ) 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1
Aims: Liver cirrhosis is a soil for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and prevention of HCC is urgent. However, biomarkers to predict development of HCC from liver cirrhosis are still lacking. We aimed to discover a biomarker directly from protein analysis and relate it with genomics to validate in a larger cohort. Methods: Forty six patients who had surgical resection for HCC that developed from cirrhotic liver and developed HCC recurrence 3 years after resection were enrolled. HCC that recur less than 3 years was considered as intrahepatic metastasis while those that recur 3 years later was defined as de novo recurrence from liver cirrhosis. Systematic analysis was performed using reverse-phase protein array (RPPA) and microarray data acquired from these patients. Results: Proteomics analysis performed after selecting 20 proteins from 201 proteins with AUROC >70 in predicting late recurrence were able to categorize patients into high (n=20) and low risk (n=26) HCC groups. Caveolin-1 was the dominant protein for this categorization and 298 genes that significantly differed between these 2 groups were derived. This proteome derived late recurrence (PDLC) gene signature well predicted the development of HCC in cohort 1 (n=216) with background of liver cirrhosis. The robustness of this signature was also validated in predicting de novo HCC recurrence in cohort 2 (n=259). PDLC gene signature remained significant in multivariate analysis when compared with clinical variables (HR 1.904, P=0.01) and showed the lowest AIC among previously reported gene signature (186-BROAD gene signature and hepatic injury and regeneration gene signature). in vitro experiment revealed that immortalized liver cell overexpressed with CAV1 showed significantly increased proliferation and soft agar colony formation than the control (P<0.001 and 0.033). Immunohistochemical staining of tissue microarray analysis also supported our findings with increased HCC development in CAV1 positive tissues (P=0.047). Conclusions: Expression of CAV1, a structural protein of caveolae in the plasma membrane appears to be an important predictor of HCC development from liver cirrhosis and our study has provided new insight in considering CAV1 as a biomarker and target for prevention strategy.