The Prophylactic and Therapeutic Effects of Saffron Extract and Crocin on Ethanol Withdrawal Syndrome in Mice

Shoja, Maryam,Mehri, Soghra,Amin, Bahareh,Askari, Vahid Reza,Hosseinzadeh, Hossein KOREAN PHARMACOPUNCTURE INSTITUTE 2018 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.21 No.4

Objectives: Ethanol withdrawal following its chronic use is a serious outcome and challenging to treatment. The chronic use of ethanol induces a progressive neuroplasticity in different reigns of brain. In this study we evaluated the effects of aqueous extract of Crocus sativus L. (saffron) and its active compound, crocin, on the withdrawal behavior induced after repeated administration of ethanol, in two regimens of prophylactic (administration of drugs concomitant with the induction of dependence) and treatment (administration of drugs during the period of ethanol withdrawal) in mice which received ethanol. Methods: Ethanol dependence was induced by oral administration of 10% v/v ethanol (2 g/kg) for 7 days. The aqueous extracts of saffron (40, 80 and 160) and crocin (10, 20 and 40 mg/kg) were administered to mice in two regimens of prophylactic (along with ethanol) and treatment (during withdrawal period). Diazepam (1 mg/kg) was used as a positive control. Six hours after discontinuation of the ethanol, seizure was evaluated by the sub-convulsive dose of pentyleneltetrazole (PTZ) (30 mg/kg). The open field test and Rota rod test were used for evaluation of locomotor activity and motor incoordination, respectively. Results: Both extracts and crocin increased the number of crossed lined in the open field test. PTZ kindling seizure was inhibited in animals received extract (80 and 160 mg/kg) in both regimens. Motor incoordination was only improved following administration of crocin. Conclusion: The aqueous extract of saffron and crocin can be considered as safe agents and reliable alternative to diazepam in management of ethanol withdrawal syndrome.

The Prophylactic and Therapeutic Effects of Saffron Extract and Crocin on Ethanol Withdrawal Syndrome in Mice

Maryam Shoja,Soghra Mehri,Bahareh Amin,Vahid Reza Askari,Hossein Hosseinzadeh 대한약침학회 2018 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.21 No.4

Objectives: Ethanol withdrawal following its chronic use is a serious outcome and challenging to treatment. The chronic use of ethanol induces a progressive neuroplasticity in different reigns of brain. In this study we evaluated the effects of aqueous extract of Crocus sativus L. (saffron) and its active compound, crocin, on the withdrawal behavior induced after repeated administration of ethanol, in two regimens of prophylactic (administration of drugs concomitant with the induction of dependence) and treatment (administration of drugs during the period of ethanol withdrawal) in mice which received ethanol. Methods: Ethanol dependence was induced by oral administration of 10% v/v ethanol (2 g/kg) for 7 days. The aqueous extracts of saffron (40, 80 and 160) and crocin (10, 20 and 40 mg/kg) were administered to mice in two regimens of prophylactic (along with ethanol) and treatment (during withdrawal period). Diazepam (1 mg/kg) was used as a positive control. Six hours after discontinuation of the ethanol, seizure was evaluated by the sub-convulsive dose of pentyleneltetrazole (PTZ) (30 mg/kg). The open field test and Rota rod test were used for evaluation of locomotor activity and motor incoordination, respectively. Results: Both extracts and crocin increased the number of crossed lined in the open field test. PTZ kindling seizure was inhibited in animals received extract (80 and 160 mg/kg) in both regimens. Motor incoordination was only improved following administration of crocin. Conclusion: The aqueous extract of saffron and crocin can be considered as safe agents and reliable alternative to diazepam in management of ethanol withdrawal syndrome.

Human Papillomavirus Burden in Different Cancers in Iran: a Systematic Assessment

Jalilvand, Somayeh,Shoja, Zabihollah,Hamkar, Rasool Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.17

Certain types of human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are undoubtedly involved in genesis of human malignancies. HPV plays an etiological role in cervical cancer, but also in many vaginal, vulvar, anal and penile cancers, as well as head and neck cancers. In addition, a number of non-malignant diseases such as genital warts and recurrent respiratory papillomatosis are attributable to HPV. Moreover, HPV forms have detected in several other cancers including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, lung, prostate, ovarian, breast, skin, colorectal and urinary tract cancers, but associations with etiology in these cases is controversial. The aim of this systematic assessment was to estimate the prevalence of HPV infection and HPV types in HPV-associated cancers, HPV-related non-malignant diseases and in cancers that may be associated with HPV in Iran. The present investiagtion covered 61 studies on a variety of cancers in Iranian populations. HPV prevalence was 77.5 % and 32.4% in cervical cancer and head and neck cancers, respectively. HPV was detected in 23.1%, 22.2%, 10.4%, 30.9%, 14% and 25.2% of esophageal squamous cell, lung, prostate, urinary tract cancers, breast and skin cancers, respectively. HPV16 and 18 were the most frequent HPV types in all cancers. The findings of present study imply that current HPV vaccines for cervical cancer may decrease the burden of other cancers if they are really related to HPV.

Empirical‑Statistical Modeling and Prediction of Geometric Characteristics for Laser‑Aided Direct Metal Deposition of Inconel 718 Superalloy

Saeedeh Jelvani,Reza Shoja Razavi,Masoud Barekat,Mohammadreza Dehnavi 대한금속·재료학회 2020 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.26 No.5

It is requisite in laser-aided direct metal deposition (LADMD) to investigate the influence of three key process parameters(laser power, scanning speed, and powder feeding rate) on geometric characteristics of single-track deposits so as to acquireLADMD deposits with minimum defects and controlled geometric accuracy. In this study, LADMD of Inconel 718 superalloywas studied and the dependency of geometric characteristics on key process parameters was investigated as a combinedparameter (PαVβFγ). A simple empirical-statistical modeling was used employing linear regression method. The resultsshowed that the geometric characteristics had a linear relationship with a combined parameter including three/two key processparameters together. The height and wetting angle of single-track deposits were dependent on P2V−1F1 and P3/2V−1F1,respectively. The width of single-track deposits was dependent on P2V−1/4 but it was independent of powder feeding rate. The dilution of single-track deposits depended on V1F−1 while laser power had no effect on it. A process map is developedto enable optimization of the process parameters in LADMD process of Inconel 718.

Xylene Induces Oxidative Stress and Mitochondria Damage in Isolated Human Lymphocytes

Salimi, Ahmad,Talatappe, Behnaz Shoja,Pourahmad, Jalal Korean Society of ToxicologyKorea Environmental Mu 2017 Toxicological Research Vol.33 No.3

Xylene is a cyclic hydrocarbon and an environmental pollutant. It is also used in medical technology, paints, dyes, polishes and in many industries as a solvent; therefore, an understanding of the interaction between xylene and human lymphocytes is of significant interest. Biochemical assessment was used to demonstrate that exposure of lymphocytes to xylene induces cytotoxicity (at 6 hr), generates intracellular reactive oxygen species, collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential, lysosomal injury, lipid peroxidation and depletion of glutathione (at 3 hr). The findings show that xylene triggers oxidative stress and organelle damage in lymphocytes. The results of our study suggest that the use of antioxidant, mitochondrial and lysosomal protective agents can be helpful for individuals subject to chronic exposure to xylene.

Xylene Induces Oxidative Stress and Mitochondria Damage in Isolated Human Lymphocytes

Ahmad Salimi,Behnaz Shoja Talatappe,Jalal Pourahmad 한국독성학회 2017 Toxicological Research Vol.33 No.3

Xylene is a cyclic hydrocarbon and an environmental pollutant. It is also used in medical technology, paints, dyes, polishes and in many industries as a solvent; therefore, an understanding of the interaction between xylene and human lymphocytes is of significant interest. Biochemical assessment was used to demonstrate that exposure of lymphocytes to xylene induces cytotoxicity (at 6 hr), generates intracellular reactive oxygen species, collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential, lysosomal injury, lipid peroxidation and depletion of glutathione (at 3 hr). The findings show that xylene triggers oxidative stress and organelle damage in lymphocytes. The results of our study suggest that the use of antioxidant, mitochondrial and lysosomal protective agents can be helpful for individuals subject to chronic exposure to xylene.

Exploring the potential of spatial artificial neural network in estimating topsoil salinity changes of in arid lands

Fateme Manzouri,Mohammad Zare,Saeed Shojae 대한공간정보학회 2022 Spatial Information Research Vol.30 No.4

Soil salinity is one of the most important environmental issues, especially in arid and semi-arid regions, due to the influence of various parameters such as climate variables. Nowadays, the use of computational intelligence systems has expanded as a new strategy for soil studies based on satellite imagery. The purpose of this study is comparison of performance and efficiency of two multivariate regression methods as linear methods, and artificial neural network as a nonlinear method, to model and estimate salinity on topsoil in Jarghouyeh_e_Sofla plain. For this purpose, 61 soil samples were collected from 0 to 10 cm depth in study area and electrical conductivity values were extracted in laboratory. Two types of data were used: electrical conductivity of sampling points as independent variables and satellite data including salinity indices and Landsat Operational Land Imager sensor bands of Landsat8 as associated variables. The combination of input parameters was carried out in regression and neural network by using backward regression and principal component analysis, respectively. Therefore, data were divided into two series: train series (60 to 70%) and test series (20 to 30%). The results of assessment based on correlation coefficient and root mean square error in the neural network and regression was equal to 0.65, 27.74 and 29.9 and 31.85, respectively. It showed that the neural network has the highest precision in forecasting soil salinity.