전자상거래에서의 번들링 상품으로서의 택배서비스에 관한 분석

송재도,천세학,주지호,김재철 한국경영과학회 2004 經營 科學 Vol.21 No.3

We discuss that the proliferation of new types of retailers such as Internet shopping mails, home shopping systems, which use telecommunication media as means of providing information of products, makes delivery service generally available. Then, we show that the delivery service can be used strategically for profit maximization by intentionally homogenizing consumers and, furthermore, social welfare generally increases by this delivery service unless the cost of delivery service is higher than that of ail consumer groups.

전자상거래에서의 채널갈등에 따른 가격전략에 관한 연구

Se-Hak Chun,Seong-Young Park,Jae-Cheol Kim 한국경영정보학회 2009 한국경영정보학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.-

온라인 거래에서 사고 발생시 누가 이의 입증책임을 질 것인가?

Chun, Se-Hak,Cho, Woo-Je,Kim, Jae-Cheol 한국경영정보학회 2007 한국경영정보학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2007 No.-

In this study, we examine why there exist different legal systems in electronic commerce or online financial trading. When a fraud online transaction occurs and the online customer disputes the transaction, the online customer takes responsibility for the proof of her/his argument in many European countries while in the U.S., the burden of proof lays on the firm. This paper analyzes how these two different legal systems exist and how these can be applied to electronic commerce law. In particular, this paper intends to find the optimal level of e-commerce firms' investment on security and analyzes how security investments can be related to firm's profits and consumer's welfare depending on IT infrastructure and social trust environment. More on, this paper can be contributed to provide guidelines for regulatory framework on ecommerce online transactions and discuss social welfare implications.

Reforming of methane to syngas in a microwave plasma torch at atmospheric pressure

Chun, Se Min,Hong, Yong Cheol,Choi, Dae Hyun Elsevier 2017 Journal of CO2 Utilization Vol.19 No.-

<P><B>Abstract<ce:cross-ref refid='fn0005'> <SUP>1</SUP> </ce:cross-ref> </B></P> <P>Carbon dioxide was converted to synthesis gas (syngas) in a microwave plasma torch by methane reforming at atmospheric pressure. The microwave plasma torch converts CO<SUB>2</SUB> +CH<SUB>4</SUB> into synthesis gas. This study examined conversion rates as a function of gas temperature for dry methane reforming. The temperature of the torch flame is measured 6760K by making use of optical spectroscopy. The CO<SUB>2</SUB>/CH<SUB>4</SUB> reforming can be completely converted into synthesis gas (conversions: 68.4%, CO<SUB>2</SUB>; 96.8%, CH<SUB>4</SUB>) through their reforming reactions at a microwave power of 6kW. When the reforming gas (CO<SUB>2</SUB>:CH<SUB>4</SUB>) mole ratio was 1:1, the resulting synthesis gas (H<SUB>2</SUB>:CO) mole ratio was 0.9:1.1. The H<SUB>2</SUB> and CO mass yield rates increased to 0.24kg/h and 1.86kg/h, respectively. Also, the energy yield are 240g/h and 41.4g/kWh. The CO<SUB>2</SUB> microwave plasma torch not only exhibited noteworthy results for CO<SUB>2</SUB> reduction and syngas production, but the H<SUB>2</SUB>:CO mole ratio of the gas produced is easily controlled by adjusting the CO<SUB>2</SUB>:CH<SUB>4</SUB> ratio during the feeding process.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A CO<SUB>2</SUB> microwave plasma torch was used to produce syngas via CH<SUB>4</SUB> conversion. </LI> <LI> Studied conversion rates as a function of gas temperature for dry methane reforming. </LI> <LI> The temperature of the torch flame was measured to be 6760K. </LI> <LI> Complete conversion of CO<SUB>2</SUB> and CH<SUB>4</SUB> into synthesis gas via their reforming reactions. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

CO₂ REFORMING OF Ch₄ BY A HYBRID SYSTEM COMBINED WITH MICROWAVE PLASMA TORCH AND A CATALYST

Se Min CHUN,Dae Hyun CHOI,Suk Hwal MA,Yong Cheol HONG 한국신재생에너지학회 2014 AFORE Vol.2014 No.-

Changes of Seedling Quality of Grafted Watermelon Transplants Grown in Cylindrical Paper Pot by Different Fertilizer Concentrations and Seedling Growing Days

( Se-woong An ),( Tae-cheol Seo ),( Yoon-ah Chang ),( Hee Chun ),( Tae-kyung Kang ),( Sang-hee Lee ) 한국농업기계학회 2019 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.24 No.1

The objective of this study was to investigate the changes of seedling quality for grafted watermelon transplants grown in cylindrical paper pot by different fertilizer concentrations and seedling growing days. Three kinds of commercial watermelon scions, ‘Goodchance’, ‘Speedkkul’ and ‘Seolgang102’, were grafted onto ‘Sintojwa’ and ‘Dongjanggun’. After completing grafting union formation, the grafted watermelon transplants were cultivated by three different fertilizer levels (0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 standard nutrient solution), and top to root ratio and compactness were measured at 10, 17, 24 and 31 days. Plant height, leaf number, fresh weight and dry weight of grafted watermelon transplants were diverse over the growing days. According to seedling quality, compactness were continuously decreased by 31 growing days, but top to root ratio was continuously increased as growing days increased. While compactness of the grafted seedlings affected by nutrient solutions showed no significant difference at 10 growing days after grafting union formation, there were significant differences at 17, 24 and 31 growing days. In addition, seedling compactness was significantly influenced by scion and rootstock cultivars. For the scion cultivars, compactness was significantly different at 17, 24 and 24 growing days, respectably. For the rootstock cultivars, seedling compactness grafted onto ‘Sintojwa’ was higher than ‘Dongjanggun’rootstock. Results indicated that seedling quality of grafted watermelon grown in cylindrical paper pot was highly affected by the growing days, fertilizer, and scion and rootstock cultivars

Effect of Bacterial Population from Rhizosphere of Various Foliage Plants on Removal of Indoor Volatile Organic Compounds

Se-Chul Chun(천세철),Mung Hwa Yoo(류명화),Young Sook Moon(문영숙),Mi Ho Shin(신미호),Ki-Cheol Son(손기철),Ill-Min Chung(정일민),Stanley J. Kays 한국원예학회 2010 원예과학기술지 Vol.28 No.3

실내식물 9종의 근권부 하이드볼 배지에서 배양된 세균집단이 공기중 벤젠과 같은 휘발성 유기화합물의 제거효과에 미치는 영향이 조사되었다. 여러 식물 근권부의 배양토에서 배양된 세균 집단은 벤젠을 제거할 수 있었는데, Spathiphyllum wallisii Regel, Pachira aquatica, Ficus elastica, Dieffenbachia sp. ‘arrianne’Hort., Chamaedorea elegans 식물들은 벤젠의 초기농도를 1.000으로 기준하였을 때, 세균 집단이 전혀 없는 배지의 대조구 초기 농도 대비 잔류율이 0.596이었으나 상기 언급한 식물들은 0.741-1.000으로서 벤젠의 농도를 현저히 감소시켰다(LSD, P=0.05). 이와 같은 경향은 식물의 종류에 따라 차이는 있었지만 톨루엔의 경우에도 비슷하게 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 P. aquatic 근권부의 배양토로부터 배양된 세균 집단을 P. aquatica, F. elastica, S. podophyllum에 접종하였을 때 접종하지 않은 식물들에 비하여 벤젠과 톨루엔을 현저히 제거하는 효과가 나타나, 근권부의 미생물 집단을 이용하여 공기 중 휘발성 유기화합물(VOC)을 제거할 수 있음을 보여 주었다. Total bacterial populations were cultured from the Hydroball cultivation media in the rhizospheres of 9 different plants including Hedera helix L. and Dracaena deremensis cv. Warneckii Compacta, etc. These cultured bacterial populations were studied to test if the bacterial populations in the plant growing pots may play a role on removal of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as benzene and toluene in the air. To meet this objective, first, we tested the possibility of removal of VOCs by the cultured total bacteria alone. The residual rates of benzene by the inoculation of total bacterial populations from the different plant growth media were significantly different, ranging from 0.741-1.000 of Spathiphyllum wallisii ‘Regal’, Pachira aquatica, Ficus elastica, Dieffenbachia sp. ‘Marrianne’ Hort., Chamaedorea elegans, compared to the control with residual rate of 0.596 (LSD, P=0.05). This trend was also similar with toluene, depending on different plants. Based on these results, we inoculated the bacterial population cultured from P. aquatica into the plant-growing pots of P. aquatica, F. elastica, and S. podophyllum inside the chamber followed by the VOCs injection. The inoculated bacteria had significant effect on the removal of benzene and toluene, compared to the removal efficacy by the plants without inoculation, indicating that microbes in the rhizosphere could play a significant role on the removal of VOCs along with plants.

천연추출물이 첨가된 식빵을 섭취한 흰쥐의 혈당 및 지질수준에 미치는 영향

김세욱(Se-Wook Kim),한아람(Ah-Ram Han),전수현(Su-Hyun Chun),남미현(Mi-Hyun Nam),홍충의(Chung-Oui Hong),김복희(Bok Hee Kim),김태철(Tae Cheol Kim),이광원(Kwang-Won Lee) 한국식품과학회 2016 한국식품과학회지 Vol.48 No.1

본 연구는 가자 추출물(TCE), 차전초 추출물(PAE), 생강나무잎 추출물(LOE) 그리고 매생이 추출물(CFE)을 첨가하여 식빵을 제조하고, 매일 30 g의 식빵 식이를 6주령 SD 랫드에게 제공한 뒤 혈당과 지질과 관련된 지표들의 변화를 관찰하였다. 추출물이 첨가된 식빵을 섭취한 모든 그룹에서 체중, 음수량, 간과 신장의 무게, AST, ALP, ALT의 변화는 나타나지 않았다. 식이 섭취 후 혈당의 변화를 확인하기 위해 매주 1회 절식 후 공복혈당을 측정하였을 때 1주차 측정 결과에서 Con 그룹의 혈당 수치가 134.63±27.12 mg/dL로 BT 그룹, BP 그룹, BL 그룹 그리고 BC 그룹과 비교하여 유의적인 차이를 보이며 혈당이 상승하였고, 4주차 측정 결과에서는 Con 그룹(123.63±9.62 mg/dL), BT(그룹 119.13±9.60 mg/dL,), BP 그룹(117.37±12.77 mg/dL), BL 그룹(116.50±14.43 mg/dL)과 비교해 BC 그룹에서 108.13±4.64의 혈당치로 유의적인 차이를 보이며 혈당이 감소하는 것을 보아 CFE가 첨가된 식빵은 혈당강하에 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 판단하였다(p<0.05). 이어진 경구당부하검사 120분대 혈당치에서 BT 그룹(124.63±17.15 mg/dL), BL 그룹(121.50±13.28 mg/dL)은 Con 그룹(138.50±6.09 mg/dL)의 혈당치와 비교하여 유의적인 차이를 보이며 감소하는 것을 보여주었으며(p<0.05), AUC에서 유의적인 차이는 나타내지 않았지만 BT 그룹, BP 그룹, 그리고 BL 그룹의 area value가 적어졌다. AUC와 경구당부하검사 결과를 종합해 볼 때 TCE, PAE 그리고 LOE가 첨가된 식빵은 기존식빵에 비해 내당능에 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 또한, 혈당과 관련된 중요 지표 중 하나인 당화혈색소 측정 결과에서 Con 그룹(4.06%)과 비교해 유의적인 차이를 보이며 BL 그룹(1.53%)와 BC그룹(2.28%)은 당화혈색소 함량이 감소하는 것을 보였다(p<0.05). 지질 측정 지표인 TC, TG, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol 측정결과에서 BL 그룹은 TC, LDL-cholesterol을 유의적으로 낮췄으며 BC 그룹은 TC, LDL-cholesterol을 유의적으로 낮추고 HDLcholesterol의 함량을 유의적으로 증가시켰다. LOE와 CFE가 첨가된 식빵 식이는 제공은 지질대사의 불균형을 조절할 수 있을 것으로 사료되며 나아가 동맥경화 예방에도 도움이 될 것으로 생각된다. 지질과 관련된 유전인자인 PPAR-α과 PPAR-γ에 대한 mRNA 발현을 측정한 결과 BL 그룹, BC그룹에서 Con 그룹과 유의적인 차이를 나타내며 PPAR-α mRNA 발현이 증가하였고, PPAR-γ mRNA 발현의 경우, BP 그룹, BL 그룹, BC 그룹에서 가장 적은 발현을 나타내었다. 실험 결과를 통해 추출물 중 여러 측정 항목에서 LOE와 CFE가 첨가된 식빵식이에서 가장 좋은 활성을 보였으므로 LOE와 CFE는 공복혈당 강하와 내당능에 효과가 있으며 HDL의 합성을 촉진하여 혈중 TC의 함량을 낮춘 것으로 생각된다. 또한 PPAR-α의 전사를 활발하게 하고 PPAR-γ와 관련된 유전인자의 활성을 낮춰 지질대사의 균형을 유지시키는 것으로 사료된다. In this study, 4-week-old rats were fed bread supplemented with Terminalia chebula (TC), Plantago asiatica (PA), Linder obtusiloba (LO), and Capsosiphon fulvescens (CF) ethanol extracts, to determine the decrease in blood glucose levels, as well as the anti-inflammatory and lipid-enhancing effects. Previous studies have demonstrated the antioxidative effects of these ethanol extracts. After sacrifice, the liver tissue, whole blood, and serum samples were collected for biochemical analysis. The results showed a significant decrease in blood glucose level, lipid peroxidation, malondialdehyde (MDA) level, HbA1c level, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol (p<0.05) and an increase in high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol level in rats fed bread supplemented with LO and CF ethanol extracts (p<0.05). Therefore, the results of this study demonstrate that bread supplemented with LO and CF ethanol extracts can potentially affect the blood glucose level and lead to lipid enhancement.

전자상거래하에서의 유통회사와 제조회사간의 채널 협상력에 따른 가격전략에 관한 연구

천세학(Chun, Se-Hak),김재철(Kim, Jae-Cheol),이충열(Lee, Choong-Yeol) 한국상품학회 2010 商品學硏究 Vol.28 No.6

본 논문은 유통회사와 제조회사 간의 채널갈등으로 인한 협상력, 오프라인과 비교시 온라인쇼핑의 상대적 편리성 정도 그리고 온라인 시장의 점유율에 따른 오프라인과 온라인 시장 간의 가격전략에 대하여 살펴본다. 제조회사와 유통회사간의 협상력을 유통업자 브랜드(private label)를 만드는 제조회사는 상대적으로 유통회사에 비해서 협상력이 약하고, 제조업체브랜드(national brand)를 유통회사를 통하여 판매하는 제조회사는 상대적으로 협상력이 높다고 가정하였다. 오프라인과 비교시 온라인쇼핑의 상대적인 편리성 정도는 편의상 공산품과 농산품의 두 가지 상품카테고리에 한하여 설문조사를 기반으로 판단하였다. 마찬가지로 온라인 시장의 상대적인 점유율도 설문조사를 통하여 소비자들이 실제 쇼핑을 많이 하는 채널의 상대적인 비율을 이용하였다. 본 논문은 제조회사와 유통회사간의 협상력정도, 소비자들의 상대적인 온라인 쇼핑의 편리성 정도와 온라인 채널의 상대적인 시장 점유율에 따라서 오프라인 및 온라인시장 간의 가격전략의 행태를 살펴봄으로써 향후 제조회사들 및 유통회사들의 가격전략에 대한 전략적 시사점을 도출하고자 하였다. This paper investigates pricing strategies in electronic commerce considering factors such as channel bargaining power between manufacturers and retailers, relative online shopping convenience and online market share. We assume that a manufacturer providing national brands hasmore bargaining power than amanufacturer which supports distributors or retailers to provide their private labels.We also confined ourselves to analyze two categories of electronic and food products which are assumed to represent relative online shopping convenience and online market share and empirically tested based on consumer survey. This paper provides strategic implications on pricing strategies of manufacturers and distributors (or retailers) from perspectives of channel power, relative online convenience and onlinemarket share.

High-Power Pure Steam Plasma Torch and Its Temperature Measurements

Yong Cheol Hong,Se Min Chun,Chang Hyun Cho,Dong Hun Shin,Dae Hyun Choi Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2015 IEEE transactions on plasma science Vol. No.

<P>We report the generation of a high-power pure steam torch plasma operated by a 915-MHz microwave and its temperature measurements. Steam from a steam generator enters the discharge tube as a swirl gas at a temperature of ~140 °C. This steam becomes a plasma forming gas and produces a stable steam torch plasma. The torch volume is almost linearly proportional to the microwave power. The temperature of the torch flame was measured with an optical spectroscopy, analyzing the optical emissions of hydroxyl molecules ~309 nm. The plasma torch showed two distinctive regions: 1) a bright, whitish region of a high-temperature zone and 2) a reddish, dimmer region of a relatively low-temperature zone. The maximum temperature in a microwave-driven region was measured to be ~6720 K. We also investigated the plasma temperatures at the axial distances of plasma torch column.</P>