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Yeon Joo Lee,Il Hwan Oh,Hee Jun Baek,Chang Hwa Lee,Sang Sun Lee 한국영양학회 2015 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.9 No.2
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Vitamin D deficiency is common in hemodialysis patients. The aim of this study was to identify whether or not sun exposure and dietary vitamin D intake have effects on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) status in hemodialysis (HD) patients. The objective was to identify the main determinants of serum vitamin D status in the study subjects. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A cross-sectional study of 47 HD patients (19 males and 28 females) was performed. We assessed serum 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D levels between August and September 2012 and analyzed the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in HD patients. To evaluate the determinants of serum 25(OH)D levels, we surveyed dietary vitamin D intake, degree of sun exposure, and outdoor activities. To compare biological variables, serum 25(OH)D was stratified as below 15 ng/ml or above 15 ng/ml. RESULTS: Mean 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D levels were 13.5 ± 5.8 ng/ml and 20.6 ± 11.8 pg/ml, respectively. The proportions of serum 25(OH)D deficiency (< 15 ng/ml), insufficiency (15-< 30 ng/ml), and sufficiency (≥ 30 ng/ml) in subjects were 72.4%, 23.4%, and 4.3%, respectively. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in female patients was 78.6%, whereas that in males was 63.2% (P = 0.046). Vitamin D intake and sun exposure time were not significantly different between the two stratified serum 25(OH)D levels. Dietary intake of vitamin D did not contribute to increased serum 25(OH)D levels in HD patients. The main effective factors affecting serum 25(OH)D status were found to be the sun exposure and active outdoor exercise. CONCLUSIONS: Hypovitaminosis D is common in HD patients and is higher in females than in males. Sun exposure is the most important determinant of serum 25(OH)D status in HD patients.
( Sang Ho Lee ),( Hyoung Su Kim ),( Kwon Oh Park ),( Jong Won Park ),( Seung Yeon Chun ),( Seung Jin Lim ),( Hyun Jung Cho ),( Sung Jun Kim ),( Hye Won Park ),( Han Kook Moon ),( Woon Geon Shin ),( Ky 대한간학회 2010 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.16 No.4
Background/Aims: Few studies have investigated hepatitis A virus (HAV) seroepidemiology in Koreans with chronic liver disease (CLD). This study compared the prevalence of IgG anti-HAV between the general healthy population and patients with hepatitis B virus-related CLD (HBV-CLD), with the aim of identifying predictors of HAV prior exposure. Methods: In total, 1,319 patients were recruited between June 2008 and April 2010. All patients were tested for IgG anti-HAV, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), and antibodies to hepatitis C virus. The patients were divided into the general healthy population group and the HBV-CLD group based on the presence of HBsAg. The seroprevalence of IgG anti-HAV was compared between these two groups. Results: The age-standardized seroprevalence rates of IgG anti-HAV in the general healthy population and patients with HBV-CLD were 52.5% and 49.1%, respectively. The age-stratified IgG anti-HAV seroprevalence rates for ages ≤19, 20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, and ≥60 years were 14.3%, 11.2%, 45.5%, 90.5%, 97.6% and 98.3%, respectively, in the general healthy population, and 0%, 9.8%, 46.3%, 91.1%, 97.7%, and 100% in the HBV-CLD group. In multivariate analysis, age (<30 vs. 30-59 years: OR=19.339, 95% CI=12.504-29.911, P<0.001; <30 vs. ≥60 years: OR=1060.5, 95% CI=142.233-7907.964, P<0.001) and advanced status of HBV-CLD (OR=19.180, 95% CI=4.550-80.856, P<0.001) were independent predictors of HAV prior exposure. Conclusions: The seroprevalence of IgG anti-HAV did not differ significantly between the general-healthy-population and HBV-CLD groups. An HAV vaccination strategy might be warranted in people younger than 35 years, especially in patients with HBV-CLD. (Korean J Hepatol 2010;16:362-368)
Thermal Recovery Characteristics of a CO2 Mixture Gas Circuit Breaker
Yeon-Ho Oh,Ki-Dong Song,이해준,Sung-Chin Hahn 대한전기학회 2016 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.11 No.4
Interruption tests were conducted using the same circuit breaker for an initial pressure of SF6 0.5 MPa (gauge pressure) and CO2 mixture 1.0 MPa, 0.8 MPa, and 0.6 MPa. The pressure-rises in the compression and thermal expansion chambers were measured for verifying the computational results using a simplified synthetic test facility. Further, the possibility of the CO2 mixture substituting SF6 gas was confirmed. Moreover, in view of the thermal recovery capability, it has also been confirmed that the pressure of the CO2 mixture can be reduced almost to the same value as that of the SF6 gas by optimizing the design parameters of the interrupter.
Immobilization of enzymes onto clay minerals for the biochemical decomposition of 4-chlorophenol
( Oh Oh Sung Kwean ),( Su Yeon Cho ),( Jun Won Yang ),( Wooyoun Cho ),( Seonyeong Kwak ),( Sungyoon Park ),( Yejee Lim ),( Han S. Kima ) 한국물환경학회 2017 한국물환경학회·대한상하수도학회 공동 춘계학술발표회 Vol.2017 No.-
In this study an oxidative enzyme was immobilized onto inorganic backbone materials to stimulate the detoxification of toxic aromatic hydrocarbon compounds. Smectite clay minerals and soil organic matter were screened as an enzyme support and a binding agent, respectively. Montmorillonite of which inner pores are layered with nano-scale spacing planar was activated by humic acid. A dioxygenase obtained by cloning of its corresponding gene from Arthrobacter chlorophenolicus A6 was immobilized onto the humic acid-activated montmorillonite. Oxygenated metabolites such as catechol and 4-chlorocatechol were selected as target aromatic contaminants (primary substrates of enzyme). The enzyme immobilization yield was as high as 63% and the reductions in enzyme activity for the decomposition of substrate compounds during enzyme immobilization were minimal: 15% for catechol and 24% for 4-chlorocatechol, respectively. The kinetic analysis of the free and immobilized enzymes demonstrated a slight decrease of vmax and a marginal increase of KM as compared with those for the free enzyme, indicating the changes in enzyme activity perhaps due to the changes in enzyme conformation associated with its immobilization were minimal. The results for the effects of environmental factors including pH, temperature, and ionic strength on the activity of free and immobilized enzymes showed that the activity of free enzyme changed significantly in response to the changes of the environmental factors whereas that of immobilized enzyme was pretty much consistent. This indicated that the stability of enzyme against the abrupt changes in environmental factors can be greatly improved by enzyme immobilization. The results of this study support the feasibility of a new environmental fusion technology based on bio-technology and nano-technology for the development of biochemical treatment processes.
The improvement of quality of life in patients treated with bariatric surgery in Korea
Sung-Hee Oh,Hyun Jin Song,Jin-Won Kwon,Do-Joong Park,Yeon-Ji Lee,Hyejin Chun,Sunyoung Kim,Kyung-Won Shim 대한외과학회 2013 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.84 No.3
Purpose: Bariatric surgery is considered an efficient treatment for severe obesity, but postoperative complications and psychosocial problems may impact quality of life (QoL). Although QoL is an important aspect of bariatric surgery, few studies have evaluated the changes in QoL. We examined whether severely obese patients who had undergone bariatric surgery had better QoL compared with severely obese adults who had not undergone bariatric surgery in Korea. Methods: Data were obtained from 78 participants in two groups; bariatric surgery group (n = 53) and nonsurgery group (n = 25). EuroQoL-5D (EQ-5D), the impact of weight on quality of life-lite (IWQoL-lite) and the obesity-related psychosocial problem scale (OP-scale) were used to assess the improvement of QoL. Results: A total of 78 patients completed the QoL forms as part of their surgical consultation. In the EQ-5D, the changes of EQ-5D 3 level and EQ-5D visual analogue scale in the surgery group was 0.174 and 24.6 versus 0.017 and 17.8 in the nonsurgery group (P = 0.197 and P = 0.179). The changes of IWQoL-lite and OP-scale were significantly improved after bariatric surgery. In the IWQoL-lite, the mean changes in the surgery group was 33.4 versus 14.3 points in the nonsurgery group (P = 0.000). In the OP-scale, the mean changes in the surgery group patients scored 39.3 versus 9.0 points in the nonsurgery group (P = 0.000). Conclusion: We demonstrated significant improvement of QoL observed after bariatric surgery compared to nonsurgical procedure. The results of this comparative study favor bariatric surgery for the treatment of severe obesity.
Risk factors for parastomal hernia: based on radiological definition
Sung Yeon Hong,Seung Yeop Oh,Jae Hee Lee,Do Yoon Kim,Kwang Wook Suh 대한외과학회 2013 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.84 No.1
Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical and radiological incidence of parastomal hernia and to analyze the risk factors for parastomal hernia. Methods: We reviewed retrospectively 108 patients with end colostomy from January 2003 to June 2010. Age, sex, surgical procedure type, body mass index (kg/m2), stoma size, and respiratory comorbidity were documented. Results: There were 61 males (56.5%) and 47 females (43.5%). During an overall median follow-up of 25 months (range, 6 to 73 months), 36 patients (33.3%) developed a radiological parastomal hernia postoperatively and 29 patients (26.9%) presented with a clinical parastomal hernia. In multivariate analysis, gender (odds ratio [OR], 6.087; P = 0.008), age (OR, 1.109; P = 0.009) and aperture size (OR, 6.907; P 〈 0.001) proved to be significant and independent risk factors after logistic regression analysis. Conclusion: This study showed that the incidence of radiological parastomal hernia is higher than clinical parastomal hernia. Risk factors for parastomal hernia proved to be female, age, and aperture size.
Routine barium enema prior to closure of defunctioning ileostomy is not necessary
Sung Yeon Hong,Do Yun Kim,Seung Yeop Oh,Kwang Wook Suh 대한외과학회 2012 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.83 No.2
Purpose: The use of barium enemas to confirm the anastomotic integrity prior to ileostomy closure is still controversial. The purpose of the study was to determine the utility of routine contrast enema prior to ileostomy closure and its impact on patient management in patients with a low pelvic anastomosis. Methods: One hundred forty-five patients had a temporary loop ileostomy constructed to protect a low colorectal or coloanal anastomosis following low anterior resection for rectal cancer. All patients were evaluated by physical examination, proctoscopy, and barium enema prior to ileostomy closure. Results: The median time from ileostomy creation to closure was 8 months. Five (3.5%) of the 144 patients were found to have clinically relevant strictures at the colorectal anastomosis on routine barium enema. One patient (0.7%) showed anastomotic leak on their barium enema. Overall, 141 patients (97.9%) had an uncomplicated postoperative course. Postoperative complication occurred in three patients (2.1%). None of them showed abnormal barium enema finding, which suggested that routine contrast enema examination did not predict postoperative complication. Conclusion: Routine barium enema evaluation of low pelvic anastomoses before loop ileostomy closure did not provide any additional information for postoperative colorectal anastomotic complication.