Evaluation of Hot Deformation and Dynamic Recrystallization Behaviors of Advanced Reduced-Activated Alloy (ARAA)

Sang‑Wook Kim,Hyeon‑Woo Son,Taek‑Kyun Jung,Young‑Bum Chun,Yi‑Hyun Park,Ji‑Woon Lee,Soong‑Keun Hyun 대한금속·재료학회 2019 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.25 No.4

The hot deformation behavior of advanced reduced-activation alloy (ARAA) was investigated using hot torsion tests. Thefl ow stress decreased as deformation temperature increased and as strain rate decreased. The fl ow behavior demonstratedthe typical dynamic recrystallization (DRX). Based on the constitutive analysis of peak stress, the activation energy for hotdeformation was found to be 330.3 kJ mol −1 . Peak stress was analyzed as a function of the Zener–Hollomon parameter, andcalculated and experimental values were in good agreement. A DRX kinetic model for ARAA was derived with deformationconditions based on the Avrami-type model. It was confi rmed that the volume fraction of dynamically recrystallized grainsincreased as deformation temperature increased and as strain rate decreased. The necklace structure and grain boundarybulging were observed in the deformed microstructure of ARAA. The suggested DRX mechanism for ARAA during hotworking is discontinuous DRX.

생활체육참가정도와 Wellness지수, 생활만족의 관계

김상국(Kim Sang-Kook),이광욱(Lee Kwang-Wook) 한국체육과학회 2005 한국체육과학회지 Vol.14 No.2

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among leisure sports participation, wellness inventory and life satisfaction, The subjects were 645 adults(male=348; female=297) aged more than 20 years who participated in community-based leisure sports programs of the fitness clubs in Seoul and Incheon City, Korea, The degree of leisure sports participation; items on the Wellness scale developed and used by Kim Sang-kuk based on Wellness: Concepts and Application developed by Anspaugh et al.(l994); and the Korean version of the Satisfaction with Life scale(SWLS) developed by Diener, Emons, Larsen & Griffin(1985) translated and used by Lee Jong-kil(1992). The validity of the questionnaire was verified through specialists' meeting, the pilot test, and exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The reliability of the questionnaire was found to be Cronbach' s α=.66~.83. The methods of statistics used to analyze the collected data were correlation analysis and multiple regression using SPSS WIN 11.5. As a result, the following findings were obtained: First, it was found that the degree of leisure sports participation had an effect on the wellness inventory. That is, participants who participated in the leisure sports program longer, more frequently, and more actively had the higher level of recognition on the wellness inventory than any other group. Second, it was found that the degree of leisure sports participation had an effect on the life satisfaction. That is, participants who participated in the leisure sports program longer, more frequently, and more actively the higher level of recognition on the life satisfaction than any other group. Third, it was found that the wellness inventory had an effect on the life satisfaction. That is, the participants who were highly conscious of physical, social, mental health domains as subfactors of the wellness inventory had the higher level of life satisfaction.

해외사례 벤치마킹에 기반한 국내 CM 대가체계 개선 시사점 도출

김상범,이정대,김재욱,Kim, Sang-Bum,Lee, Jeong-Dae,Kim, Jae-Wook 한국건설관리학회 2008 건설관리 : 한국건설관리학회 학회지 Vol.9 No.1

국내 CM은 2001년 건설산업기본법에 의해 개념과 범위가 정의된 후 지속적인 성장을 계속해 오고 있다. 하지만, 이러한 CM 제도에 기반한 성장에도 불구하고 국내에서의 CM 적용성과는 기대치에 비해 상대적으로 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 그 주요원인의 하나로 국내 CM제도가 책임감리에 비하여 업무범위가 넓지만, 대가기준은 책임감리에 비해 낮기 때문인 것으로 분석되었다. 따라서, 국내 CM 대가체계의 합리적인 기준을 정립하는 것이 시급할 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구에서는 CM 대가체계의 합리적인 기준을 마련하기 위하여 CMAA, ASCE, DOE, DOL 등의 다양한 해외사례 벤치마킹 연구를 통하여 국내 CM 대가체계를 비교하여 대가 상승요인을 추정하고 대가산정 개선방향을 제시하였다. 분석결과 대가수준은 해외에 비하여 현저하게 낮은 수준인 것으로 판단되었으며, 업무범위는 해외와 비교하여 그 폭이 좁으며 획일적인 구조를 가진 것으로 분석되었다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 글로벌스탠다드에 따르는 국내 CM 대가체계를 개선하기 위하여 실비정액보수가산(Cost Plus Fixed Fee) 방식을 제시하고, 입 낙찰 전반에 걸친 CM 대가체계에 대한 기준(Framework)을 제시하였다. The Korean Construction Industry significantly contributed to the Korean economic development not only by preparing the domestic infrastructure but also by successfully conducting various international projects. However, major incidents such as the collapse of Sung-Su Bridge and Sam-Pung Department Store along with stagnation of Korean Economy have raised questions about underlying systematic problems of the Korean Construction Industry. As a solution to resurrect the Korean Construction Industry, the Construction Management (CM) system introduced in late 1990's and increasingly utilized as an innovative delivery system. Despite of the fast growth of CM, the performance of CM has not been up to the hype and low CM fee has been identified as one of the main reasons of unsatisfactory CM performance. Therefore, this research attempted to propose ways of improving 'CM Fee Guidelines' published by Korean Ministry of Construction and Transportation by conducting a benchmarking study on Global Standards of estimating CM Fee. International organizations benchmarked in this research include CMAA, ASCE, DOL, DOE, etc. Various investigation and analysis revealed that Korean 'CM Fee Guidelines' need to significantly modified comparing to Global Standards. This research also tried to prepare recommendations to improve the CM deliver system focusing on the 'Method of CM Fee Estimation' and Selection of a CM firm as an owner's agent.

Interactions between Chicken Salt-soluble Meat Proteins and Makgeolli Lees Fiber in Heat-induced Gels

Yun Sang Choi,Kwoan Sik Park,Hack Youn Kim,Hyun Wook Kim,Dong Heon Song,Hai Jung Chung,Ju Woon Lee,Cheon Jei Kim 한국축산식품학회 2011 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.31 No.6

The technological effects of Makgeolli lees fiber (0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0%) on chicken salt-soluble breast meat proteins in a model system on proximate composition, physicochemical properties, and textural properties were investigated. Makgeolli lees fiber was obtained from Makgeolli brew processing, and the by-products showed good dietary fiber. The moisture and ash contents, water holding capacity, redness, yellowness, hardness, and apparent viscosity of chicken salt-soluble meat protein heat-induced gel systems with Makgeolli lees fiber were all higher than the control without Makgeolli lees fiber. However, protein solubility and electrophoretic patterns did not differ among the control and treatments with Makgeolli lees fiber samples. The chicken salt-soluble protein heat-induced gel systems incorporating Makgeolli lees fiber had improved water holding capacity, textural properties, and viscosity due to Makgeolli lees fiber addition. These results suggest that the addition of 4.0% Makgeolli lees fiber to gel is helpful to improve the physical properties of heat-induced gels.

Interactions between Chicken Salt-soluble Meat Proteins and Makgeolli Lees Fiber in Heat-induced Gels

Choi, Yun-Sang,Park, Kwoan-Sik,Kim, Hack-Youn,Kim, Hyun-Wook,Song, Dong-Heon,Chung, Hai-Jung,Lee, Ju-Woon,Kim, Cheon-Jei Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resource 2011 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.31 No.6

The technological effects of Makgeolli lees fiber (0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0%) on chicken salt-soluble breast meat proteins in a model system on proximate composition, physicochemical properties, and textural properties were investigated. Makgeolli lees fiber was obtained from Makgeolli brew processing, and the by-products showed good dietary fiber. The moisture and ash contents, water holding capacity, redness, yellowness, hardness, and apparent viscosity of chicken salt-soluble meat protein heat-induced gel systems with Makgeolli lees fiber were all higher than the control without Makgeolli lees fiber. However, protein solubility and electrophoretic patterns did not differ among the control and treatments with Makgeolli lees fiber samples. The chicken salt-soluble protein heat-induced gel systems incorporating Makgeolli lees fiber had improved water holding capacity, textural properties, and viscosity due to Makgeolli lees fiber addition. These results suggest that the addition of 4.0% Makgeolli lees fiber to gel is helpful to improve the physical properties of heat-induced gels.

Validation of QF-PCR for Rapid Prenatal Diagnosis of Common Chromosomal Aneuploidies in Korea

Sung-Hee Han,Jae-Song Ryu,Jeong-Wook An,Ok-Kyoung Park,Hye-Ryoung Yoon,Young-Ho Yang,Kyoung-Ryul Lee 대한의학유전학회 2010 대한의학유전학회지 Vol.7 No.1

목적 : QF-PCR법은 흔한 염색체 이수성에 대한 빠른 산전 진단을 가능하게 하는데, 낮은 가격, 빠른 속도, 그리고 자동화가 가능하여 한꺼번에 많은 검체에 대해 적용할 수 있다는 장점들이 있다. 하지만 아직까지 국내에서 QF-PCR법은 산전 염색체 이수성 선별검사로 주로 사용되는 방법이 아니다. 본 연구에서는 한국인에서 빠른 산전 진단을 목적으로 시행하는 짧은 염기서열 반복(short tandem repeats, STR) 표지자를 이용한 QF-PCR법의 수행능을 검증하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법 : 2007년에서 2009년까지 산전 염색체 이수성 선별을 목적으로 의뢰된 847개의 양수 검체에 대해 QF-PCR법을 시행하였는데 13번, 18번, 21번, X, Y염색체에 위치한 총 20개의 STR 표지자로 구성된 Elucigene kit (Gen-Probe, Abingdon, UK)를 사용하였다. 총 847개의 양수 검체에 대한QF-PCR 결과는 염색체 검사 결과와 비교하였고, STR 표지자의 정보력을 평가하기 위해서 각 표지자에 대해 이형접합체 지수(heterozygosity index)를 구하였다. 결과 : 총 847개 양수 검체에 대한 QF-PCR 검사 결과 19개(2.2%, 19/847)에서 13, 18, 21번 염색체와 X, Y염색체의 수적 이상이 관찰되었는데 염색체 검사에서도 동일한 결과를 보여100% 양성 예측율을 나타냈다. 하지만 염색체 검사 결과 7개(0.8%, 7/847) 검체에서 5개의 균형전좌와 2개의 불균형 염색체 이상이 관찰되었으나 QF-PCR에서는 진단되지 않았다. STR 표지자의 평균 이형접합체 지수(he-terozygosity index)는 0.76으로 서양인에서 보고된 0.8에 비해 다소 낮았다. 본 연구에서 D13S634표지자의 미세수준의 중복(submicroscopic duplication)이 1.4% (12/847)에서 관찰되었는데 이는 한국인에서 특징적인 소견으로 생각된다. 결론 : 본 기관에서는 산전 염색체 이수성 선별을 위한 QF-PCR법을 검증하였으며 효율적이고 신뢰할 수 있는 방법임이 입증되었다. 하지만 QF-PCR결과를 해석하기 위한 지침을 만들기 위해서 검사실마다 독립적으로 각각의 STR표지자에 대한 검증이 필요하며, 또한 QF-PCR법을 통상적인 염색체 검사 업무흐름에 통합하는 것이 필요하다고 사료된다. Purpose: Quantitative fluorescent polymerase chain reaction (QF-PCR) allows for the rapid prenatal diagnosis of common aneuploidies. The main advantages of this assay are its low cost, speed, and automation, allowing for large-scale application. However, despite these advantages, it is not a routine method for prenatal aneuploidy screening in Korea. Our objective in the present study was to validate the performance of QF-PCR using short tandem repeat (STR) markers in a Korean population as a means for rapid prenatal diagnosis. Material and Methods: A QF-PCR assay using an Elucigene kit (Gen-Probe, Abingdon, UK), containing 20 STR markers located on chromosomes 13, 18, 21, X and Y, was performed on 847 amniotic fluid (AF) samples for prenatal aneuploidy screening referred for prenatal aneuploidy screening from 2007 to 2009. The results were then compared to those obtained using conventional cytogenetic analysis. To evaluate the informativity of STR markers, the heterozygosity index of each marker was determined in all the samples. Results: Three autosomes (13, 18, and 21) and X and Y chromosome aneuploidies were detected in 19 cases (2.2%, 19/847) after QF-PCR analysis of the 847 AF samples. Their results are identical to those of conventional cytogenetic analysis, with 100% positive predictive value. However, after cytogenetic analysis, 7 cases (0.8%, 7/847) were found to have 5 balanced and 2 unbalanced chromosomal abnormalities that were not detected by QF-PCR. The STR markers had a slightly low heterozygosity index (average: 0.76) compared to those reported in Caucasians (average: 0.80). Submicroscopic duplication of D13S634 marker, which might be a unique finding in Koreans, was detected in 1.4% (12/847) of the samples in the present study. Conclusion: A QF-PCR assay for prenatal aneuploidy screening was validated in our institution and proved to be efficient and reliable. However, we suggest that each laboratory must perform an independent validation test for each STR marker in order to develop interpretation guidelines of the results and must integrate QF-PCR into the routine cytogenetic laboratory workflow.

A microfluidic chip with gravity-induced unidirectional flow for perfusion cell culture : Gravity-induced unidirectional flow for perfusion cell culture

Lee, Dong Wook,Choi, Nakwon,Sung, Jong Hwan Wiley Blackwell (John Wiley Sons) 2019 Biotechnology progress Vol.35 No.1

Effect of hardness and morphology of potassium titanate on frictional wear characteristics of brake pads

Lee, Jung Ju,Kwon, Sung Wook,Kim, Jong Young,Lee, Na Ri,Pee, Jae Hwan,Kim, YooJin,Lee, Jung A.,Kim, Jeong Joo Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. 2018 International Journal of Nanotechnology Vol.15 No.6

Generation and characterization of hagfish variable lymphocyte receptor B against glycoprotein of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV)

Lee, Jung Seok,Kim, Jaesung,Im, Se Pyeong,Kim, Si Won,Lazarte, Jassy Mary S.,Jung, Jae Wook,Gong, Tae Won,Kim, Young Rim,Lee, Jeong Ho,Kim, Hyoung Jun,Jung, Tae Sung Elsevier 2018 Molecular immunology Vol.99 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Variable lymphocyte receptors B (VLRBs) are non-immunoglobulin components of the humoral immune system in jawless vertebrates including hagfish (<I>Eptatretus burgeri</I>) and lamprey (<I>Petromyzon marinus</I>). Hagfish VLRBs consist of leucine rich repeat (LRR) modules with a superhydrophobic C-terminal tail, the latter of which leads to extremely low expression levels in recombinant protein technology. Here, we present an artificially oligomerized VLRB (arVLRB) that conjugates <I>via</I> the C4bp oligomerization domain derived from human C4b-binding protein (hC4bp) rather than the superhydrophobic tail. The resulting arVLRB had a tightly multimerized form with seven monomeric VLRB arms and showed high expression and secretion levels in a mammalian expression system. To isolate antigen-specific arVLRB, we constructed large VLRB libraries from hagfish immunized with the fish pathogen, viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV). The selected arVLRBs were found to recognize various types of antigens, including the recombinant target protein, purified viruses, and progeny viruses, with high antigen binding abilities and specificities. We also performed <I>in vitro</I> affinity maturation of the arVLRBs through LRRCT mutagenesis, and found that this enhanced their antigen-binding properties by at least 125-fold. Our epitope mapping analysis revealed that <SUP>37</SUP>DWDTPL<SUP>42</SUP>, which is located in a region conserved among the glycoproteins of all VHSV isolates, is the recognition epitope of the arVLRBs. Thus, our newly developed arVLRB could prove useful in the development of universal diagnostic tools and/or therapeutic agents for the virus. Together, our novel findings provide valuable insights into hagfish VLRB and its potential use as a novel alternative to conventional antibodies for biotechnological applications.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Superhydrophobic C-termini of hagfish VLRB leads to extremely low expression level. </LI> <LI> C4bp oligomerization domain mediates heptameric VLRB with high binding ability and producttivity. </LI> <LI> <I>In vitro</I> affinity maturation was efficiently carried out by LRRCT mutagenesis. </LI> <LI> Fine epitope mapping revealed <SUP>37</SUP>DWDTPL<SUP>42</SUP> is the recognition epitope of selected arVLRBs. </LI> <LI> The resulting arVLRBs can be used as diagnostic tools or therapeutic agents of VHSV. </LI> </UL> </P>

Clinical assessment and identification of immuno-oncology markers concerning the 19-gene based risk classifier in stage IV colorectal cancer

Lee, Jong Lyul,Roh, Seon Ae,Kim, Chan Wook,Kwon, Yi Hong,Ha, Ye Jin,Kim, Seon-Kyu,Kim, Seon-Young,Cho, Dong-Hyung,Kim, Yong Sung,Kim, Jin Cheon Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 2019 WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY Vol.25 No.11

<P><B>BACKGROUND</B></P><P>Genomic profiling of tumors has contributed to the understanding of colorectal cancer (CRC), facilitating diagnosis, prognosis and selection of treatments, including targeted regimens. A report suggested that a 19-gene-based risk classifier (TCA19) was a prognostic tool for patients with stage III CRC. The survival outcomes in patients with stage IV CRC are still poor and appropriate selection of targeted therapies and immunotherapies is challenging.</P><P><B>AIM</B></P><P>To assess clinical implication of TCA19 in patients with stage IV CRC, and to identify TCA19 with involvement in immune-oncology.</P><P><B>METHODS</B></P><P>A retrospective review of the medical records of 60 patients with stage IV CRC was conducted, assessing clinicopathological variables and progression-free survival (PFS). TCA19 gene expression was determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in matched normal and tumor tissues taken from the study cohort. Expression of potential immune-oncology regulatory proteins and targets was examined by immunohistochemistry (IHC), western blot, immunofluorescence staining in tissues from a validation cohort of 10 patients, and in CRC cell lines co-cultured with monocyte <I>in vitro</I>.</P><P><B>RESULTS</B></P><P>In the patients with TCA19 score higher than the median, the PFS rates of eight patients who received the targeted regimens were significantly higher than the PFS rates of four patients who received 5-fluorouracil-based regimen (<I>P</I> = 0.041). In multivariate analysis, expression of signaling lymphocytic activation molecule family, member 7 (SLAMF7) and triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM1) was associated with PFS in the 60-patient cohort. After checking another 10 validate set, the expression of the IHC, the level of real-time qPCR, and the level of western blot were lower for SLAMF7 and higher for TREM7 in primary and metastatic tumors than in normal tissues. In CRC cells expressing SLAMF7 that were co-cultured with a monocytic cell line, levels of CD 68 and CD 73 were significantly lower at day 5 of co-culture than at day 0.</P><P><B>CONCLUSION</B></P><P>The TCA19 score might be prognostic for target-regimen-specific PFS in stage IV CRC. Down-regulation of SLAMF7 and up-regulation of TREM1 occur in primary and metastatic tumor tissues.</P>