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Image and Learning : Opioid-induced Lower Esophageal Sphincter Dysfunction
( Esteban Saez Gonzalez ),( Vicente Ortiz Bellver ),( Francia Carolina Diaz Jaime ),( Juan Antonio Ortuno Cortes ),( Vicente Garrigues Gil ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회(구 대한소화관운동학회) 2015 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.21 No.4
Ruvislei González Saez,이혜리,김희순,이재학 고려대학교 스페인 라틴아메리카 연구소 2022 스페인라틴아메리카연구 Vol.15 No.2
La República de Cuba y la República de Corea son dos naciones que no poseen relaciones diplomáticas, sin embargo el turismo se ha convertido en una variable de acercamiento entre ambas partes. En los últimos años, el interés de los surcoreanos por visitar Cuba ha ido creciendo por diversos factores, pero al mismo tiempo existen razones que dificultan que haya un mayor número de visitantes surcoreanos en esta nación caribeña. Para ello, este artículo pretende abordar los elementos generales relacionados con el turismo y resaltar las potencialidades de este sector para el acercamiento de las relaciones bilaterales entre Cuba y Corea del Sur, así como identificar las limitaciones reales. Sin duda, ambas partes necesitan tener más conocimiento para poder difundir información sobre los destinos turísticos de ambas partes. Para Cuba, el mercado surcoreano puede ser de gran relevancia para su economía en base al nivel de consumo promedio de los turistas surcoreanos en comparación con el de otros países asiáticos.
100년의 역사(1921~2021)로 보는 한-쿠바 관계 회복의 이유
Ruvislei González Saez,전주람 한국외국어대학교 중남미연구소 2022 중남미연구 Vol.41 No.3
The historical relations between the Republic of Korea and the Republic of Cuba are very little known, even though some scholars, especially Koreans, have worked on the subject. However, the relationship between Korea and Cuba has a long history, starting with the immigration of Koreans to Cuba in 1921. A number of factors played a role in this relationship, some of which have not been revealed for years. This article introduces that Korea and Cuba have formed not only historical but also official relations. And that relationship has never had serious conflicts, even when Havana decided to establish ties with the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) in 1960 and advocate the principle of One Korea. Based on history, it also interprets the situation of the relationship between the two countries and presents some points to remember in order to make mutually beneficial decisions. Currently, diplomatic relations between Korea and Cuba are absent. However, there are important reasons for these two countries to deepen their understanding of each other and reestablish relations. 한국에서 일부 연구가 진행되기는 했지만, 한-쿠바 관계의 역사에 관해서는 많이 알려지지 않은 편이다. 그러나 한국과 쿠바의 관계는 1921년 한인들의 쿠바 이주로부 터 시작해 100년 이상의 역사를 형성하고 있다. 이 오랜 관계는 다양한 요인의 영향을 받았는데, 그 중에는 아직 밝혀지지 않은 것들도 있다. 이 논문에서는 한국과 쿠바가 역사적 관계뿐 아니라 공식적 관계도 형성했으며, 두 국가의 관계가 1960년 쿠바가 북한과 외교관계를 수립하고, ‘하나의 한국’을 지지하기로 결정했을 때에도 심각한 갈등 상황에 놓인 적이 없음을 소개한다. 그리고 역사를 바탕으로 오늘날 두 국가 간 관계가 처한 상황을 해석하고, 상호 이익이 되는 판단을 하기 위해 기억해야 할 몇 가 지 사항을 제시한다. 현재 한국과 쿠바 간에는 외교관계가 부재한 상태이다. 하지만, 두 국가가 서로에 대한 이해를 심화하고 관계를 회복해야 할 이유가 분명히 존재한다.
MULTI-SIGHTLINE OBSERVATION OF NARROW ABSORPTION LINES IN LENSED QUASAR SDSS J1029+2623
Misawa, Toru,Saez, Cristian,Charlton, Jane C.,Eracleous, Michael,Chartas, George,Bauer, Franz E.,Inada, Naohisa,Uchiyama, Hisakazu American Astronomical Society 2016 The Astrophysical journal Vol.825 No.1
<P>We exploit the widely separated images of the lensed quasar SDSS J1029+2623 (z(em) = 2.197, theta = 22.'' 5) to observe its outflowing wind through two different sightlines. We present an analysis of three observations, including two with the Subaru telescope in 2010 February and 2014 April, separated by four years, and one with the Very Large Telescope, separated from the second Subaru observation by similar to 2 months. We detect 66 narrow absorption lines (NALs), of which 24 are classified as intrinsic NALs that are physically associated with the quasar based on partial coverage analysis. The velocities of intrinsic NALs appear to cluster around values of v(ej) similar to 59,000, 43,000, and 29,000 km s(-1), which is reminiscent of filamentary structures obtained by numerical simulations. There are no common intrinsic NALs at the same redshift along the two sightlines, implying that the transverse size of the NAL absorbers should be smaller than the sightline distance between two lensed images. In addition to the NALs with large ejection velocities of v(ej) > 1000 km s(-1), we also detect broader proximity absorption lines (PALs) at za(bs) similar to z(em). The PALs are likely to arise in outflowing gas at a distance of r <= 620 pc from the central black hole with an electron density of n(e) >= 8.7 x 10(3) cm(-3). These limits are based on the assumption that the variability of the lines is due to recombination. We discuss the implications of these results on the three-dimensional structure of the outflow.</P>
The New Regionalism in the Americas : The Case of Mercosur
Esteradeordal, Antoni,Goto, Junichi,Saez, Raul 세종대학교 국제경제연구소 2001 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.16 No.2
This paper takes seriously the recent claim made by Ethier(1998) that the New Regionalism reflects the success of the multilateral trading system, not its failure. In fact, the New Regionalism represents a qualitative departure of the old regionalism in several respects, in particular, its development has taken place in a very different international economic environment. Moreover, the traditional Vinerian paradigm is no longer the primary analytical framework for its evalua-tion. We use this novel approach to analyze the case of one of the most important experiences in regional integration, the formation of the Mercado Comu´n del Sur (MERCOSUR). The paper carefully documents the main stylized facts of the development of MERCOSUR arguing that this makes this type of agreement a prime example of the New Regionalism. Our conclusions are consistent with Ethier's paper, that is, regionalism can play a key role in expanding and preserving the liberal trade order.
Motion-based design of TMD for vibrating footbridges under uncertainty conditions
Jimenez-Alonso, Javier F.,Saez, Andres Techno-Press 2018 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.21 No.6
Tuned mass dampers (TMDs) are passive damping devices widely employed to mitigate the pedestrian-induced vibrations on footbridges. The TMD design must ensure an adequate performance during the overall life-cycle of the structure. Although the TMD is initially adjusted to match the natural frequency of the vibration mode which needs to be controlled, its design must further take into account the change of the modal parameters of the footbridge due to the modification of the operational and environmental conditions. For this purpose, a motion-based design optimization method is proposed and implemented herein, aimed at ensuring the adequate behavior of footbridges under uncertainty conditions. The uncertainty associated with the variation of such modal parameters is simulated by a probabilistic approach based on the results of previous research reported in literature. The pedestrian action is modelled according to the recommendations of the Synpex guidelines. A comparison among the TMD parameters obtained considering different design criteria, design requirements and uncertainty levels is performed. To illustrate the proposed approach, a benchmark footbridge is considered. Results show both which is the most adequate design criterion to control the pedestrian-induced vibrations on the footbridge and the influence of the design requirements and the uncertainty level in the final TMD design.
A survey on the use of mice, pigs, dogs and monkeys as animal models in biomedical research in Spain
Olatz Goñi-Balentziaga,Iván Ortega-Saez,Sergi Vila,Garikoitz Azkona 한국실험동물학회 2022 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.38 No.2
Background: The use of animals in biomedical science remains controversial. An individual’s level of concern is generally influenced by their culture, previous or current experience with animals, and the specific animal species in question. In this study we aimed to explore what people in Spain who had never or who no longer worked with laboratory animals thought of the use of mice, pigs, dogs and monkeys for biomedical research purposes. We also aimed to determine whether or not people currently involved in biomedical research with the aforementioned species felt their work was justified. Results: The study comprised a total of 807 participants (never worked = 285, used to work = 56, currently working = 466), almost two thirds of whom were women. Our results revealed that the phylogenetic scale is an important factor in people’s opinions of the use of certain species in research. The percentage of people who were against the use of dogs or monkeys was higher than that of those who were against the use of mice or pigs. The main reasons given for having stopped working with laboratory animals were change of professional career and change in research project. Participants who were currently working with animals believed that their work was justified, but said they did not talk about it with people outside their immediate social circle. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that there is a difference in moral status between monkeys and mice, as well as between companion animals (dogs) and farm animals (pigs). Our results support the idea that working with laboratory animals is a sensitive issue in Spain.