Effects of CPEC on the Economy of China and Pakistan

Sadiq Ullah(Sadiq Ullah ),Mumtaz Alam(Mumtaz Alam ),Zulfiqar Ali Baig(Zulfiqar Ali Baig ) 아시아사회과학학회 2022 Jornal of Asia Social Science Vol.8 No.3

CPEC is a huge investment that will bring prosperity and will heal the economic condition of Pakistan. It will also give China the shortest proximity to the rest of the world. It's a project which will benefit both of the countries as well as Europe and the Gulf. Descriptive analysis is used in this research study to investigate the effects of CPEC on Pakistan and China's economy. Diverse literature was found on this topic and is cited in the literature part of this research study. This study shows that Pakistan and China both of the countries will be better off and will achieve good economic results. Pakistan will get the maximum benefit from CPEC because its infrastructure and energy structure is less developed. And by the injection of this massive CPEC project, the Pakistani economy will boost up, and the mutual trade between China and Pakistan will be enhanced. GDP growth and welfare position of Pakistan will take more benefit from CPEC than China. Chinese export of non-agricultural products will increase more than the Chinese export of agricultural products. While in the case of Pakistani exports, the situation is the opposite one. Agricultural exports will be increased more than the increase in non-agricultural exports of Pakistan.

Perception Based Definition of Construction Quality in Pakistan

Awan, Muhammad Yousaf Sadiq,Awan, Dr Muhammad Maqbool Sadiq Korea Institute of Construction Engineering and Ma 2015 Journal of construction engineering and project ma Vol.5 No.2

The complexity arises in defining the construction quality due to its perception, based on inherent market conditions and their requirements, the diversified stakeholders itself and their desired output. A quantitative survey based approach was adopted in this constructive study. A questionnaire based survey was conducted, for the assessment of construction quality perception and expectations in the context of quality improvement technique. The survey feedback of professionals, from the leading construction organizations/companies of Pakistan were analyzed. The financial capacity, organizational structure, and construction experience of the construction firms formed basis for their selection. After statistical analysis of survey feedback it was found reliable and valid for the inferential purpose to the target population of construction professionals. The quality perception was found to be project scope oriented, considered as an excess cost for a construction project and keeping the rework minimum by qualifying the required quality tests, keeping the defects minimum by ensuring the specifications of supplied material. Any quality improvement technique was expected to address the financial aspects of the construction project for the employer and contractor, by increasing the profitability through reduction in overall cost, reduction in time, reduction in defects and improving the productivity in a construction project. The study is beneficial for the construction professionals to assess the prevailing construction quality perception and the expectations from implementation of any quality improvement technique in construction projects.

Gravity grouted ultimate soil nail bond strength: An empirical prediction using evolutionary algorithm

Sadiq Shamsher,Park Jun-Yong,Ha Man-Bok,Won Myoung-Soo 한국도로학회 2023 한국도로학회 학술대회 발표논문 초록집 Vol.2023 No.10

Chitosan–aloe vera gel coating delays postharvest decay of mango fruit

Sadiq Shah,Majid S. Hashmi 한국원예학회 2020 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.61 No.2

In this study, the impact of chitosan in combination with aloe vera gel was investigated on the storage life of mango fruits. Mango samples were coated with 1% chitosan (CTS) and 1% chitosan + aloe vera gel (CTS + AVG), before storing at12 ± 1 °C for 28 days and shifting to 25 ± 1 °C for 5 days. Results demonstrated that both coatings signifi cantly ( p ≤ 0.05)infl uenced the storage life of mango fruits, but CTS + AVG minimized the incidence of decay, and reduced weight loss, respirationrate, and ethylene production to a greater extent than CTS and control samples. In addition, fruit quality parameterssuch as titratable acidity, total soluble solids, fruit fi rmness, ascorbic acid, and peel color were also retained by the combinedtreatment. Furthermore, sustained phenolic content and antioxidant activity confi rmed the eff ectiveness of this treatment. It was concluded that chitosan coating in combination with aloe vera gel suppressed diseases and maintained the naturalproperties of mango fruit during postharvest storage. Therefore, chitosan–aloe vera combination can be used to extend thestorage life of mango fruit, however, more in-depth studies are required for successful commercialization of this organic,edible coating in the mango fruit industry.

Environmental footprint impacts of nuclear energy consumption: The role of environmental technology and globalization in ten largest ecological footprint countries

Sadiq Muhammad,Wen Fenghua,Dagestani Abd Alwahed 한국원자력학회 2022 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.54 No.10

This study investigates the environmental footprint impacts of nuclear energy consumption in the presence of environmental technology and globalization of the ten largest ecological footprint countries from 1990 up to 2017. By considering a set of methods that can help solve the issue of cross-sectional dependence, we employ the Lagrange multiplier bootstrap cointegration method, Driscoll-Kraay standard errors for long-run estimation and feasible generalized least squares (FGLS) and panel-corrected standard errors (PCSE) for robustness. The finding revealed significant negative effects of nuclear energy consumption, environmental-related technology, population density and significant positive effects of globalization and economic growth on ecological footprint. These results are also robust by assessing the long-run impacts of predictors on carbon footprint and CO2 emissions as alternate ecological measures. These conclusions provide the profound significance of nuclear energy consumption for environmentally sustainable development in the top ten ecological footprint countries and serve as an important reference for ecological security for other countries globally.

Dynamic Earth Pressure on Embedded Structure

Sadiq, Shamsher,Park, Duhee Korean Geo-Environmental Society 2019 한국지반환경공학회논문집 Vol.20 No.9

Dynamic earth pressure is considered an important parameter in the design of embedded structures. In current engineering design simplified methods developed either for yielding or non-yielding structures are utilized to predict resultant dynamic pressure. The applicability of these equations to embedded structures have not yet been reported. In this study we perform a suite of equivalent linear time history analysis for a range of embedded structure configurations. Numerically calculated dynamic pressure is shown to depend on the flexibility ratio (F), aspect ratio (L/H) of the embedded structure, and ground motion. Increase in L/H and intensity increases the magnitude of dynamic pressure. An increase in F decreases the dynamic pressure. Overall, the trends highlight the need for development of new method that accounts for F and L/H to calculate the dynamic pressure for the performance-based design of embedded structures.

Generated forces and heat during the critical stages of friction stir welding and processing

Sadiq Aziz Hussein,Abd Salam Md Tahir,R. Izamshah 대한기계학회 2015 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.29 No.10

The solid-state behavior of friction stir welding process results in violent mechanical forces that should be mitigated, if not eliminated. Plunging and dwell time are the two critical stages of this welding process in terms of the generated forces and the related heat. In thisstudy, several combinations of pre-decided penetration speeds, rotational speeds, tool designs, and dwell time periods were used to investigatethese two critical stages. Moreover, a coupled-field thermal-structural finite element model was developed to validate the experimentalresults and the induced stresses. The experimental results revealed the relatively large changes in force and temperature during thefirst two stages compared with those during the translational tool movement stage. An important procedure to mitigate the undesiredforces was then suggested. The model prediction of temperature values and their distribution were in good agreement with the experimentalprediction. Therefore, the thermal history of this non-uniform heat distribution was used to estimate the induced thermal stresses. Despite the 37% increase in these stresses when 40 s dwell time was used instead of 5 s, these stresses showed no effect on the axial forcevalues because of the soft material incidence and stir effects.

Adiabatic Nanofocusing Scattering-Type Optical Nanoscopy of Individual Gold Nanoparticles

Sadiq, Diyar,Shirdel, Javid,Lee, Jae Sung,Selishcheva, Elena,Park, Namkyoo,Lienau, Christoph American Chemical Society 2011 NANO LETTERS Vol.11 No.4

<P>We explore imaging of local electromagnetic fields in the vicinity of metallic nanoparticles using a grating-coupled scattering-type near-field scanning optical microscope. In this microscope, propagating surface plasmon polariton wavepackets are launched onto smooth gold tapers where they are adiabatically focused toward the nanometer-sized taper apex. We report two-dimensional raster-scanned optical images showing pronounced near-field contrast and demonstrating sub-30 nm resolution imaging of localized surface plasmon polariton fields of spherical and elliptical nanoparticles. By comparison to three-dimensional finite-difference time domain simulations, we conclude that virtually background-free near-field imaging is achieved. The microscope combines deep subwavelength resolution, high local field intensities and a straightforward imaging contrast, making it interesting for a variety of applications in linear and nonlinear nanospectroscopy.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/nalefd/2011/nalefd.2011.11.issue-4/nl1045457/production/images/medium/nl-2010-045457_0006.gif'></P>

Beam Characterization at the KAERI UED Beamline

Sadiq Setiniyaz,Hyun Woo Kim,In-Hyung Baek,Jinhee Nam,MoonSik Chae,Byung-Heon Han,Boris Gudkov,Kyu Ha Jang,Sunjeong Park,Sergey Miginsky,Nikolay Vinokurov,Young Uk Jeong 한국물리학회 2016 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.69 No.6

The UED (ultrafast electron diffraction) beamline of the KAERI’s (the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute’s) WCI (World Class Institute) Center has been successfully commissioned. We have measured the beam emittance by using the quadrupole scan technique and the charge by using a novel measurement system we have developed. In the quadrupole scan, a larger drift distance between the quadrupole and the screen is preferred because it gives a better thin-lens approximation. A high bunch-charge beam, however, will undergo emittance growth in the long drift caused by the space-charge force. We present a method that mitigates this growth by introducing a quadrupole scan with a short drift and without using the thin-lens approximation. The quadrupole in this method is treated as a thick lens, and the emittance is extracted by using the thick-lens equations. Apart from being precise, our method can be readily applied without making any change to the beamline and has no need for a big drift space. For charge measurement, we have developed a system consisting of an in-air Faraday cup (FC) and a preamplifier. Tests performed utilizing 3.3- MeV electrons show that the system was able to measure bunches with pulse durations of tens of femtoseconds at 10 fC sensitivity.

Weakly Nonlinear Stability Analysis of an Electro-Osmotic Thin Film Free Surface Flow

Sadiq, I Mohammed Rizwan,Joo, Sang Woo Springer-Verlag 2009 Microgravity science and technology Vol.21 No.suppl1