The Influence of Side‐Chain Position on the Optoelectronic Properties of a Red‐Emitting Conjugated Polymer

Lu, Li Ping,Finlayson, Chris E.,Kabra, Dinesh,Albert&#x2010,Seifried, Sebastian,Song, Myoung Hoon,Havenith, Remco W. A.,Tu, Guoli,Huck, Wilhelm T. S.,Friend, Richard H. WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2013 Macromolecular chemistry and physics Vol.214 No.9

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>A study of the organic semiconductor F8TBT is presented, directly comparing a conventional form (F8TBT‐out) with a form with varied alkyl side‐chain position (F8TBT‐in), in terms of optical properties and device performance in light‐emitting‐diodes (LEDs). Computational simulations of the side‐chain position with respect to the TBT unit reveal geometrical differences between F8TBT‐out and F8TBT‐in. π–π conjugation on the backbone of F8TBT‐in is interrupted by a distortion of the benzothiadiazole ring, leading to a blue‐shift of the absorption spectrum and increased photoluminescence quantum efficiency. Both conventional and hybrid LEDs demonstrate that devices with F8TBT‐in show improved performance, as compared to F8TBT‐out, illustrating how tuning the optoelectronic properties of conjugated polymers by varying the placement of side chains has an important role in device optimization.</P>

Label‐Free Polypeptide‐Based Enzyme Detection Using a Graphene‐Nanoparticle Hybrid Sensor

Myung, Sung,Yin, Perry T.,Kim, Cheoljin,Park, Jaesung,Solanki, Aniruddh,Reyes, Pavel Ivanoff,Lu, Yicheng,Kim, Kwang S.,Lee, Ki&#x2010,Bum WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2012 Advanced Materials Vol.24 No.45

<P><B>A graphene‐nanoparticle (NP) hybrid biosensor</B> that utilizes an electrical hysteresis change to detect the enzymatic activity and concentration of Carboxypeptidase B was developed. The results indicate that the novel graphene‐NP hybrid biosensor, utilizing electrical hysteresis, has the ability to detect concentrations of targeted enzyme on the micromolar scale. Furthermore, to the knowledge of the authors, this is the first demonstration of a graphene‐based biosensor that utilizes a hysteresis change resulting from metallic NPs assembled on a graphene surface.</P>

ANALYSIS OF THE PHASE STABILITY OF FINE Fe.90Ni.10ALLOY PARTICLES

H. M. Widatallah,R. S. Huang,Y. F. Hsia,X. M. Lee,J. H. Wang,H. X. Lu 한국자기학회 1995 韓國磁氣學會誌 Vol.5 No.5

A set of Fe_(1-x)Ni_x(x=0.10, 0.25, 0.30, 0.50, 0.60, 0.75, 0.85) fine particles prepared by the gas evaporation technique was studied by Moossbauer, XRD and other techniques. The XRD and Moossbauer patterns of the sample with x=0.10(Fe_(90)Ni_(10)) were found to be exceptionally different, showing an austenite phase stability when the particles are quenched. This phase stability is quite different from that of the corresponding bulk alloy. Using binomial distribution fits of the Moossbauer spectra of the particles in terms of nearest and text nearest neighbour configurations around the Fe atoms, and analysis of this phase stability is given. The changes in the relative intensities of the resulting magnetic sextets are used to determine the increase in martensite following the austenite-martensite transformation process. The stable austenite can, therefore, be determined. This stability may be related to the oxide surface layer and the small number of atoms of these fine particles.

Germinal center‐specific protein human germinal center associated lymphoma directly interacts with both myosin and actin and increases the binding of myosin to actin

Lu, Xiaoqing,Kazmierczak, Katarzyna,Jiang, Xiaoyu,Jones, Michelle,Watt, James,Helfman, David M.,Moore, Jeffrey R.,Szczesna&#x2010,Cordary, Danuta,Lossos, Izidore S. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 The FEBS journal Vol.278 No.11

<P>Human germinal center associated lymphoma (HGAL) is a germinal center‐specific gene whose expression correlates with a favorable prognosis in patients with diffuse large B‐cell and classic Hodgkin lymphomas. HGAL is involved in negative regulation of lymphocyte motility. The movement of lymphocytes is directly driven by actin polymerization and actin–myosin interactions. We demonstrate that HGAL interacts directly and independently with both actin and myosin and delineate the HGAL and myosin domains responsible for the interaction. Furthermore, we show that HGAL increases the binding of myosin to F‐actin and inhibits the ability of myosin to translocate actin by reducing the maximal velocity of myosin head/actin movement. No effects of HGAL on actomyosin ATPase activity and the rate of actin polymerization from G‐actin to F‐actin were observed. These findings reveal a new mechanism underlying the inhibitory effects of germinal center‐specific HGAL protein on lymphocyte and lymphoma cell motility.</P>

Feasibility of Atmospheric-Pressure CO Cold Plasma for Reduction of Supported Metal Ions

Di, L.,Zhang, X.,Lee, B.,Lu, P.,Ahn, W. S.,Park, D. W. Springer Science + Business Media 2017 Plasma chemistry and plasma processing Vol.37 No.6

<P>An atmospheric pressure (AP) carbon monoxide (CO) cold plasma method was developed and employed to reduce supported metal ions for the first time. HAuCl4, AgNO3, H2PtCl6, and Pd(NO3)(2) ions supported on a commercial sample of TiO2 (Degussa P25) were reduced by AP CO cold plasma. The results of UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) indicate that the supported metal ions are reduced to their metallic states. Au/P25-CP and Au/P25-HP were prepared by CO and H-2 cold plasma, respectively, to investigate the reduction ability of CO cold plasma. XPS and transmission electron spectroscopy analyses show that the gold nanoparticles in Au/P25-CP and Au/P25-HP exist in the form of metallic gold, and exhibit similar size. Interestingly, a blue shift of the surface plasmon resonance peak was observed for Au/P25-CP because of the amorphous carbon formed by CO dissociation. In situ optical emission spectrum of the CO cold plasma was recorded and excited CO molecules were deemed to be the reducing agents. CO cold plasma was also adopted to reduce P25 supported copper ions, while metallic copper nanoparticles were obtained accompanied by a certain amount of oxidized copper species. AP CO cold plasma is as effective as H-2 plasma for reducing supported metal ions, and has great potential for tuning the SPR absorption.</P>

Mesoporous sulfur-modified iron oxide as an effective Fenton-like catalyst for degradation of bisphenol A

Du, J.,Bao, J.,Fu, X.,Lu, C.,Kim, S.H. Elsevier 2016 Applied Catalysis B Vol.184 No.-

<P>A mesoporous sulfur-modified iron oxide (MS-Fe) was prepared as a heterogeneous H2O2 catalyst for degradation of BPA. The physico-chemical properties of MS-Fe and bare M-Fe were characterized by BET surface area measurement, SEM, XRD, MIR and XPS. Both M-Fe and MS-Fe composites appeared as cubic microparticles with abundant pores and cracks as well as large surface area. As depicted by XRD, EDX and XPS, M-Fe is mainly consisted of hematite while MS-Fe is a kind of S-doped iron oxide with about 5-6% of sulfur element in terms of atomic ratio. In contrast to the poor catalytic activity of bare M-Fe, the MS Fe composites showed greatly improved efficiencies for H2O2 activation for BPA degradation. The high catalytic activity of this new Fenton-like catalyst can be obtained at different initial pH in range of 3.0-9.0. The time evolution of degradation of BPA followed pseudo-first-order kinetics, and the first-order rate constants showed a linear relationship with parameters of initial pH, catalyst dosage and concentration of BPA. However, the H2O2 dosage showed a dual effect on BPA degradation because excessive H2O2 addition lead to scavenging of hydroxyl radicals ((OH)-O-center dot). The investigation of working mechanisms of MS Fe suggested a synergistic effect of homogeneous and heterogeneous degradation reaction, wherein a strong acidic environment, abundant surface-bonded hydroxyl group and electron-mediating effect of sulfur all contributed to fast activation of H2O2. Overall, this new material overcomes the limitation of narrow working pH range and shows a fast oxidation of BPA with a low H2O2 and catalyst dosage, would have a good potential for environmental application. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>

Infall Signatures in a Prestellar Core Embedded in the High-mass 70 <i>μ</i>m Dark IRDC G331.372-00.116

Contreras, Yanett,Sanhueza, Patricio,Jackson, James M.,Guzmá,n, André,s E.,Longmore, Steven,Garay, Guido,Zhang, Qizhou,Nguyê,&#x303,n-Lu’o’, Quang,Tatematsu, Ken’ichi,Nakamura, Fumita American Astronomical Society 2018 The Astrophysical journal Vol.861 No.1

<P>Using Galactic Plane surveys, we have selected a massive (1200M circle dot), cold (14 K) 3.6-70 mu m dark IRDC, G331.372-00.116. This infrared dark cloud (IRDC) has the potential to form high-mass stars, and given the absence of current star formation signatures, it seems to represent the earliest stages of high-mass star formation. We have mapped the whole IRDC with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) at 1.1 and 1.3 mm in dust continuum and line emission. The dust continuum reveals 22 cores distributed across the IRDC. In this work, we analyze the physical properties of the most massive core, ALMA1, which has no molecular outflows detected in the CO (2-1), SiO (5-4), and H2CO (3-2) lines. This core is relatively massive (M = 17.6M circle dot), subvirialized (virial parameter alpha(vir) = M-vir/M = 0.14), and is barely affected by turbulence (transonic Mach number of 1.2). Using the HCO+ (3-2) line, we find the first detection of infall signatures in a relatively massive, prestellar core (ALMA1) with the potential to form a high-mass star. We estimate an infall speed of 1.54 km s(-1) and a high accretion rate of 1.96. x. 10(-3) M circle dot yr(-1). ALMA1 is rapidly collapsing, out of virial equilibrium, which is more consistent with competitive accretion scenarios rather than the turbulent core accretion model. On the other hand, ALMA1 has a mass similar to 6 times larger than the clumps Jeans mass, as it is in an intermediate mass regime (M-J = 2.7 < M less than or similar to 30 M circle dot), contrary to what both the competitive accretion and turbulent core accretion theories predict.</P>

Studies on the Genetic Relationships of Sheep Populations from East and South of Central Asia

Sun, W.,Chang, H.,Yang, Z.P.,Geng, R.Q.,Lu, S.X.,Chang, G.B.,Xu, W.,Wang, H.Y.,Ren, Z.J.,Tsunoda, K. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2002 Animal Bioscience Vol.15 No.10

Hu sheep was sampled randomly from Huzhou city, Zhejiang province, China. Of the 11 genetic markers from the blood examined by starch-gel and cellulose acetate electrophoresis, polymorphisms in Hu sheep were found for 10 loci, i.e. post-albumin (Po), transferring (Tf), alkaline phosphatase (Alp), leucine aminopeptidase (Lap), arylesterase (Ary-Es), hemoglobin-$\beta$ (Hb-$\beta$)、Xprotein(X-p), carbonic anhydrase (CA), catalase (Cat) and lysine (Ly). The same data except for Po locus were collected from another 14 sheep breeds from China and other countries, in order to ascertain their genetic relationships with one another and with the Hu sheep. The sheep populations from the east and south of Central Asia can be classified into three genetic groups: 'Mongolian sheep', 'South Asian sheep' and 'European sheep'. The Hu sheep belong to the 'Mongolian sheep' group.

Record-setting algal bloom in Lake Erie caused by agricultural and meteorological trends consistent with expected future conditions

Michalak, Anna M.,Anderson, Eric J.,Beletsky, Dmitry,Boland, Steven,Bosch, Nathan S.,Bridgeman, Thomas B.,Chaffin, Justin D.,Cho, Kyunghwa,Confesor, Rem,Dalo&#x11f,lu, Irem,DePinto, Joseph V.,Evans, M National Academy of Sciences 2013 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.110 No.16

<P>In 2011, Lake Erie experienced the largest harmful algal bloom in its recorded history, with a peak intensity over three times greater than any previously observed bloom. Here we show that long-term trends in agricultural practices are consistent with increasing phosphorus loading to the western basin of the lake, and that these trends, coupled with meteorological conditions in spring 2011, produced record-breaking nutrient loads. An extended period of weak lake circulation then led to abnormally long residence times that incubated the bloom, and warm and quiescent conditions after bloom onset allowed algae to remain near the top of the water column and prevented flushing of nutrients from the system. We further find that all of these factors are consistent with expected future conditions. If a scientifically guided management plan to mitigate these impacts is not implemented, we can therefore expect this bloom to be a harbinger of future blooms in Lake Erie.</P>

Zeolite-templated nanoporous carbon for high-performance supercapacitors

Lu, Hao,Kim, Kyoungsoo,Kwon, Yonghyun,Sun, Xiaoming,Ryoo, Ryong,Zhao, X. S. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Journal of Materials Chemistry A Vol.6 No.22

<P>Hierarchical porous carbon prepared with calcium-containing nanocrystalline beta zeolite as the template and ethylene as the carbon source at a relatively low carbonization temperature (600 °C) displayed excellent electrocapacitive properties. The presence of both micro/mesopores and surface oxygen-containing groups on the ordered porous structure, along with a high specific surface area (2280 m<SUP>2</SUP> g<SUP>−1</SUP>) and pore volume (1.95 cm<SUP>3</SUP> g<SUP>−1</SUP>) coupled with good wettability towards the electrolyte enabled the carbon to perform well as a supercapacitor electrode. This carbon electrode achieved a specific capacitance of 250 F g<SUP>−1</SUP> at a current density of 1 A g<SUP>−1</SUP> with 1 M H2SO4 as the aqueous electrolyte measured in a three-electrode system. A symmetric capacitor fabricated with the carbon as both electrodes exhibited a specific capacitance of 161 F g<SUP>−1</SUP> at a current density of 1 A g<SUP>−1</SUP>, and an excellent cycling stability. After being cycled 17 000 times and shelved for another two months, the electrode exhibited a specific capacitance of 246 F g<SUP>−1</SUP> at 1 A g<SUP>−1</SUP>, 153% of the initial capacitance, and still maintained an excellent cycle stability. Besides, an all-solid-state supercapacitor cell fabricated with this carbon as both electrodes and polyvinyl alcohol/H2SO4 gel as the electrolyte displayed an areal specific capacitance of 413 mF cm<SUP>−2</SUP> at a current density of 0.25 mA cm<SUP>−2</SUP>.</P>