Screening of botanicals against the adults of rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae L.

S. Rajashekara,R. Kiran,V. Bhavya,C. Chithrashree,V. Chaitra,Deepti Ravi Joshi,M. G. Venkatesha 한국잠사학회 2023 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.47 No.1

Sitophilus oryzae L. (Rice Weevil) is a stored pest of rice that causes extensive loss throughout the world. We tested the leaf powders of 12 plant species viz., Chrysanthemum sp., Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Citrus grandis, Citrus limon, Gliricidia sepium, Gymnema sylvestre, Hemigraphis colorata, Michelia champaca, Moringa oleifera, Murraya koenigii, Polyalthia longifolia, and Sauropus androgynus at dosages of 1.00, 1.50, 2.00 and 3.00g against the adult rice weevil and mortality was recorded at 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 12 and 2l days after treatment (DAT) by direct contact toxicity for their adulticidal effect. We observed 100 percent adult mortality in C. zevlanicum and M. koenigii among the tested leaf powders. In addition, the first-time tested H. colorata and S. androgynus also caused high mortality compared to other plants. All the plant powders caused moderate to high adult mortality. Hence, these plants could be effective botanical insecticides against S. oryzae as they comprise a potential source of bioactive chemicals and are generally free from toxicants. Applications of these natural derivatives in S. oryzae control could reduce the cost of control methods and storage of rice contamination. Therefore, the present study indicates that some plant extracts can be used as an alternative to toxic synthetic chemicals in the management of rice weevils.

Production and Optimization of a Commercially Viable Alkaline Protease from a Haloalkaliphilic Bacterium

R. H. Joshi,M. S. Dodia,S. P. Singh 한국생물공학회 2008 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.13 No.5

Twenty five haloalkaliphilic bacterial strains were isolated from sea water along the Coastal Gujarat (India) and screened for their ability to secret alkaline proteases. Among them, a potent strain S-20-9 (GenBank accession number EU118360), re-sembling to Halophilic Bacterium MBIC3303 on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequencing, was selected for the optimization of enzyme production. S-20-9 produced protease optimally, under aerobic conditions during mid-stationary phase over a broad range of salt (5~25%, w/v) and pH (7~10). The optimum production was at pH 9 and 15% (w/v) NaCl. The production was suppressed by lactose, maltose, sucrose, and inorganic nitrogen sources, especially ammonium ions. Further, the pro-duction was significantly stimulated by KH₂PO₄ and suppressed by glucose. Similarly, the production was also suppressed at higher concentrations of gelatin, yeast extract, peptone, and casamino acids, indicating towards a threshold value for ni-trogen requirement. The growth and protease production were enhanced by mono-valent cation (KCl), while the divalent cations acted as inhibitors. The study holds significance as only few reports are available on the alkaline proteases from haloalkaliphilic bacteria, particularly those from moderate saline habitats.

Flexible and freestanding core-shell SnO_<i>x</i>/carbon nanofiber mats for high-performance supercapacitors

Samuel, Edmund,Joshi, Bhavana,Jo, Hong Seok,Kim, Yong Il,Swihart, Mark T.,Yun, Je Moon,Kim, Kwang Ho,Yoon, Sam S. ELSEVIER SCIENCE 2017 JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS Vol.728 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We demonstrate the fabrication of core-shell SnO<SUB> <I>x</I> </SUB>/carbon nanofiber (CNF) composite mats via single-nozzle one-step electrospinning for use as flexible freestanding electrodes in supercapacitors. The freestanding and flexible nature of the composites is essential for their use in lightweight, portable, and foldable electronic devices and eliminates the need for a separate current collector. We fully characterized the structural and morphological properties of the SnO<SUB> <I>x</I> </SUB>/CNF mats and optimized the SnO<SUB> <I>x</I> </SUB> to CNF precursor ratio. The optimized SnO<SUB> <I>x</I> </SUB>/CNF-based symmetric supercapacitor exhibited a capacitance of 289 F·g<SUP>−1</SUP> at a scan rate of 10 mV·s<SUP>−1</SUP>. Moreover, it retained more than 88% of its initial capacitance after 5000 cycles, highlighting the long-term stability of supercapacitors based on these SnO<SUB> <I>x</I> </SUB>/CNF mats.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A core-shell-structured SnO<SUB>x</SUB>/CNF composite mat electrodes were synthesized by single-nozzle-electrospinning. </LI> <LI> The core-shell composite is highly flexible and freestanding. </LI> <LI> Capacitors using these electrodes had specific capacitance of up to 289 F·g<SUP>−1</SUP> at a scan rate of 10 mV·s<SUP>−1</SUP>. </LI> <LI> Specific capacitance at a current density of 100 mA·g<SUP>−1</SUP> reached 273 F·g<SUP>−1</SUP>. </LI> </UL> </P>

A GENERALIZED CLASS OF HARMONIC UNIVALENT FUNCTIONS ASSOCIATED WITH AL-OBOUDI OPERATOR INVOLVING CONVOLUTION

N. D. Sangle,A. N. Metkari,S. B. Joshi 경남대학교 수학교육과 2021 Nonlinear Functional Analysis and Applications Vol.26 No.5

In this paper, we have introduced a generalized class S_H^i (m, n, γ, φ, ψ; α), i ∈ {0, 1} of harmonic univalent functions in unit disc U, a sufficient coefficient condition for the normalized harmonic function in this class is obtained. It is also shown that this coefficient condition is necessary for its subclass T S_H^i (m, n, γ, φ, ψ; α). We further obtained extreme points, bounds and a covering result for the class T S_H^i (m, n, γ, φ, ψ; α). Also, show that this class is closed under convolution and convex combination. While proving our results, certain conditions related to the coefficients of φ and ψ are considered, which lead to various well-known results.

Carbon nanofibers decorated with FeO<i> _x </i> nanoparticles as a flexible electrode material for symmetric supercapacitors

Samuel, Edmund,Joshi, Bhavana,Jo, Hong Seok,Kim, Yong Il,An, Seongpil,Swihart, Mark T.,Yun, Je Moon,Kim, Kwang Ho,Yoon, Sam S. Elsevier 2017 Chemical Engineering Journal Vol. No.

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We have produced flexible, freestanding, and light weight mats of FeO<I> <SUB>x</SUB> </I>-decorated carbon nanofibers (CNFs) and demonstrated their use in supercapacitors with high energy and power density and excellent long term capacitance retention. Highly flexible carbon-iron oxide nanofibers were synthesized by electrospinning a solution of polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), and iron acetylacetonate (FeAcAc), followed by annealing to carbonize the PAN, pyrolyze the PMMA to produce pores, and convert FeAcAc to FeO nanoparticles. The morphology of the FeO<I> <SUB>x</SUB> </I>/CNF composite was determined by scanning and transmission electron microscopies, which showed that the embedded FeO<I> <SUB>x</SUB> </I> nanoparticles were well distributed in the CNF electrode. We employed cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge/discharge measurements, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy to evaluate the electrochemical performance of symmetric supercapacitors prepared from the FeO<I> <SUB>x</SUB> </I>/CNF composite. The supercapacitors exhibited high specific capacitance (427F·g<SUP>−1</SUP> at 10mV·s<SUP>−1</SUP> and 436F·g<SUP>−1</SUP> at 1A·g<SUP>−1</SUP> in the optimal case) and good stability, retaining 89% of their initial capacitance after 5000 cycles at a current density of 1A·g<SUP>−1</SUP>. The optimal device achieved an energy density of 167Wh·kg<SUP>−1</SUP> at a power density of 0.75kW·kg<SUP>−1</SUP>, and an energy density of 66Wh·kg<SUP>−1</SUP> at a power density of 7.5kW·kg<SUP>−1</SUP>. These combinations of energy and power densities can meet the needs of many emerging supercapacitor applications.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Highly flexible FeO<SUB>x</SUB>-carbon nanocomposite nanofibers were fabricated. </LI> <LI> Freestanding FeO<I> <SUB>x</SUB> </I>-CNF showed excellent retention (89%) after 5000 cycles at 1A·g<SUP>−1</SUP>. </LI> <LI> A FeO<SUB>x</SUB>/CNF-based supercapacitor provides 436F·g<SUP>−1</SUP> of capacitance at 1A·g<SUP>−1</SUP>. </LI> <LI> Excellent uniform decoration of CNF with FeO<SUB>x</SUB> was demonstrated. </LI> </UL> </P>

High-performance supercapacitors using flexible and freestanding MnO_x/carbamide carbon nanofibers

Samuel, Edmund,Jo, Hong Seok,Joshi, Bhavana,Park, Hyun Goo,Kim, Yong Il,An, Seongpil,Swihart, Mark T.,Yun, Je Moon,Kim, Kwang Ho,Yoon, Sam S. Elsevier 2017 APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE - Vol.423 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We demonstrate the fabrication of a MnO<I> <SUB>x</SUB> </I>/carbamide carbon nanofiber (CCNF) composite consisting of MnO particles embedded in CCNFs as a highly flexible and freestanding electrode material for supercapacitors. A sacrificial polymer component, polymethylmethacrylate, included in the precursor solution, pyrolyzes during heating, resulting in pores in the fibers, some of which are filled by the MnO nanocrystals. Carbamide is added to control the size of the MnO<I> <SUB>x</SUB> </I> particles as well as to increase the carbon content of the composite and hence its conductivity. The X-ray diffraction and Raman spectra of the composite show that the MnO particles formed have low crystallinity. Transmission electron microscopy confirms that the MnO particles are distributed very uniformly over the CCNFs. Symmetric supercapacitors constructed using electrodes of this composite exhibit specific capacitances of 498F∙g<SUP>−1</SUP> at a scan rate of 10mV∙s<SUP>−1</SUP> and 271F∙g<SUP>−1</SUP> at a current density of 1A∙g<SUP>−1</SUP>. They also exhibit excellent long-term cycling performance, retaining 93% of their initial capacity after 5000 cycles of galvanostatic charging/discharging.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> We successfully fabricated a novel flexible MnO/CCNF composite. </LI> <LI> Flexible MnO/CCNF showed excellent retention (93%) after 5000 cycles at 1Ag<SUP>−1</SUP>. </LI> <LI> MnO/CCNF composite demonstrated specific capacitance of 498Fg<SUP>−1</SUP> at a scan rate of 10mVs<SUP>−1</SUP>. </LI> <LI> Dynamic MnO particle formation controlled by using carbamide. </LI> </UL> </P>

Non-covalent functionalization of graphene with poly(diallyl dimethylammonium) chloride: Effect of a non-ionic surfactant

Kaur, P.,Shin, M.S.,Sharma, N.,Kaur, N.,Joshi, A.,Chae, S.R.,Park, J.S.,Kang, M.S.,Sekhon, S.S. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2015 International journal of hydrogen energy Vol.40 No.3

Carbon based nanomaterials (carbon nanotubes, graphene etc) containing various hetero atoms are promising metal free catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction in fuel cells. We report the non-covalent functionalization of graphene with poly(diallyl dimethylammonium) chloride (PDDA), a polyelectrolyte containing nitrogen, using a very simple method. The addition of a non-ionic surfactant (Triton X-100) during functionalization has been observed to improve the interactions between graphene and PDDA. An up-shift in the position of G-peak in the Raman spectra, down-shift in the binding energy (B.E.) of N1s peak and an up-shift in the B.E. of C1s peak in XPS spectra have been observed due to an inter-molecular charge-transfer from carbon in graphene to nitrogen in PDDA, which get enhanced in the presence of Triton X-100. Graphene functionalized with PDDA also show good thermal stability. The addition of a non-ionic surfactant enhances the non-covalent functionalization of graphene with PDDA, which is desirable from applications point of view.

Genetic Variation and Phylogenetic Relationships of Indian Buffaloes of Uttar Pradesh

Joshi, Jyoti,Salar, R.K.,Banerjee, Priyanka,Upasna, S.,Tantia, M.S.,Vijh, R.K. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2013 Animal Bioscience Vol.26 No.9

India possesses a total buffalo population of 105 million out of which 26.1% inhabit Uttar Pradesh. The buffalo of Uttar Pradesh are described as nondescript or local buffaloes. Currently, there is no report about the genetic diversity, phylogenetic relationship and matrilineal genetic structure of these buffaloes. To determine the origin and genetic diversity of UP buffaloes, we sequenced and analysed the mitochondrial DNA D-loop sequences in 259 samples from entire Uttar Pradesh. One hundred nine haplotypes were identified in UP buffaloes that were defined by 96 polymorphic sites. We implemented neutrality tests to assess signatures of recent historical demographic events like Tajima's D test and Fu's Fs test. The phylogenetic studies revealed that there was no geographic differentiation and UP buffaloes had a single maternal lineage while buffaloes of Eastern UP were distinctive from rest of the UP buffaloes.

Effect of Short-term and Long-term Preservation on Motion Characteristics of Garole Ram Spermatozoa: A Prolific Microsheep Breed of India

Joshi, Anil,Bag, Sadhan,Naqvi, S.M.K.,Sharma, R.C.,Rawat, P.S.,Mittal, J.P. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2001 Animal Bioscience Vol.14 No.11

Garole is a prolific, rare, less known and small size Indian sheep breed found in low and humid Sunderban region of West Bengal. Although information on stored Garole ram liquid semen upto 24 h is available, but there is a need to further investigate the short-term and long-term preservability of Garole ram semen for extensive utilization of this valuable germplasm by artificial insemination. The aim of the present study was to apply computer-assisted sperm analysis technique for assessing the motion characteristics of Garole ram semen stored (i) in liquid state at refrigeration temperature for short-term preservation upto 48 h and (ii) in frozen state at $-196^{\circ}C$ for long-term preservation after packaging in mini straws. Short-term preservation had a significant effect on motility (p<0.01) as the motility progressively decreased from 90.1% at 0 h to 85.5% and 73.2% after 24 and 48 h of storage, respectively. Although the decline in rapid moving sperms was also significant (p<0.01) on storage but the decrease was more pronounced at 48 h as compared to 24 h of storage period. Storage of chilled semen had also a significant effect on % linearity (p<0.05), % straightness (p<0.01), sperm velocities (p<0.01), amplitude of lateral head displacement (p<0.01) and beat frequency (pO.Ol) of spermatozoa. The replication had a significant effect for all the variables except average path and straight line velocity. However, the interactions of short-term storage and replication were non-significant for most of the variables except % of medium moving sperms, sperm velocities and beat frequency. On long-term preservation of Garole ram spermatozoa under controlled conditions the mean post-thaw recovery of 70.4 and 71.4% motile spermatozoa was achieved having 48.8 and 48.9% of rapidly motile spermatozoa, respectively in both the replicates. The effect of replication on cryopreservation was significant (p<0.05) on amplitude of lateral head displacement and beat frequency, but there was no significant effect on motility, rapidly motile spermatozoa, linearity, straightness and sperm velocities of frozen-thawed spermatozoa. It can be concluded from these results that an average 70% motility can be achieved on storage of Garole ram semen in chilled liquid state upto 48 h or in liquid nitrogen after freezing under controlled conditions in straws. However, further studies are required to evaluate the fertility of short-term and long-term preserved Garole ram semen for extensive use of this prolific sheep breed.

Protective Effect of Quercetin on Alcohol Abstinence-Induced Anxiety and Convulsions

S.K. Kulkarni,D. Joshi,P.S. Naidu,A. Singh 한국식품영양과학회 2005 Journal of medicinal food Vol.8 No.3

Chronic administration of ethanol (2 g/kg, p.o.) on days 16 and its withdrawal produced an anxiogenic reac-tion in mice as assessed in the mirrored-chamber test. Daily administration of quercetin (25 or 50 mg/kg, p.o.) prior to ethanolfor 6 days prevented withdrawal-induced anxiety in mice. However, acute administration of a single dose of quercetin (50mg/kg) to animals withdrawn from ethanol, i.e., on day 7, did not prevent withdrawal-induced anxiety. Ethanol withdrawalalso induced a significant increase in the locomotor activity of mice indicating an anxiogenic response. Daily administrationof quercetin (25 or 50 mg/kg, p.o.) prior to ethanol for 6 days prevented withdrawal-induced increased locomotor activity.Ethanol withdrawal also sensitized the convulsogenic reaction to pentylenetetrazole (PTZ). A non-convulsive dose (4060mg/kg) of PTZ produced full-blown convulsions and increased mortality in ethanol-withdrawn mice. Both acute and chronicadministration of quercetin (25 or 50 mg/kg, p.o.) produced a significant protection against ethanol withdrawal-induced re-duction in PTZ threshold in mice. The result suggests the protective effect of this safe drug, quercetin, in the management ofethanol withdrawal reactions.