An Exploratory Study of Preservice Teachers and Their Self Efficacy Beliefs as Teachers of English Language Learners

Lee,Yong-Jik,Davis,Robert 한국외국어교육학회 2018 한국외국어교육학회 학술대회 자료집 Vol.2018 No.-

Students who speak languages other than English comprise a growing population in U.S. schools. As a result, many general education teachers find English language learners (ELLs) in their mainstream classrooms. However, they are often inadequately prepared to work with culturally and linguistically diverse students, resulting in a need for better ELL preparation of mainstream teachers (de Jong & Harper, 2005). Teacher self-efficacy beliefs (TSEB), or teacher perceptions of their confidence and preparedness, can provide important insights relevant to teacher professional development and preparation in teacher education programs. TSEB is defined as a self-assessment of the competence to perform a specific task within a certain context, or a judgement of the ability to perform a desired activity (Tschannen-Moran & Hoy, 2001). Recognizing the importance of investigating TSEB, this dissertation examines elementary preservice teachers and their preparation to work with ELLs through microteaching activities. Two research questions guided this study: 1) What are the self-efficacy beliefs of preservice teachers about teaching ELLs before and after microteaching experiences, and 2) how do four preservice teachers construct their self-efficacy beliefs regarding teaching ELLs through microteaching experiences? The data—consisting of surveys (n=55), individual interviews with preservice teachers (n=4), classroom observations and lesson plans—were analyzed with the use of thematic analysis (Braun & Clarke, 2006). Findings indicated that the self-efficacy beliefs of preservice teachers were enhanced after having participated in ESL microteaching experiences. However, the data also revealed that the preservice teachers still felt some anxiety and emotional concerns about teaching ELLs. Moreover, their self-efficacy beliefs varied by ELL characteristics (situational factors) and setting (contextual factors). Results further revealed that three factors shaped the construction of TSEB, namely ELL-related knowledge from course work, field experiences working with ELLs, personal and professional exposure to linguistic and cultural diversity, including their own language learning experiences. Inquiries about the influence of purposeful field placements and ESL microteaching experiences for teacher candidates in settings with culturally and linguistically diverse students can yield valuable insights. Future studies of teacher preparation coursework for preservice teachers that embed linguistically responsive theories and practices can inform teacher candidates as they strive to enhance their preparation and self-efficacy beliefs for ELLs (Lucas & Villegas, 2013).

자기공명 분석법을 이용한 백서 피판의 대사에 대한 연구

이윤,이대근,임태환,윤근철,고경석,이춘신,정복성 대한성형외과학회 1992 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.19 No.3

Innumerable techniques have been used to measure, index, or predict the viability of skin flaps after elevation. However, these are largely indirect and don't accurately reflect the events that occur at kthe cellular level. A method was sought that gives direct, reproducible, and accurate data about physiological and biochemical changes that occur during flap elevation. Because of its ability to monitor changes in the levels of high energy phosphorus metabolites(ATP, or adenosine triphosphate, PC or phosphocreatine, Pi or inorganic phosphate), 31-P magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) holds promise of providing direct assessment of the metabolic status and biochemical changes that occur during skin flap elevation. MRS monitoring was performed on three portions of raised random pattern skin flaps of 5 rats. The spectrometer used for 31-P nuclear magnetic resonance analysis was a Bruker Biospec(4.7 Tesla) system, and a modified surface coil constructed of two layers of copper coil was used. The results have validated the ability of 31-P MRS to : 1. define the regional flxes in the levels of ATP, PCr, and Pi in skin flaps. 2. demonstrate that, of these, PCr levels represent the most sensitive indicator of flap well being. 3. measure intracellular pH through the chemical shift of the Pi resonance. 4. establish predictive correlations between profile of normal, compromised, and failing skin flaps and have thus prepared the way for noninvasive in vivo topical magnetic resonance investigations of flaps.

한국형 목격자 메타기억척도의 타당화 연구

이재규(Jae-Kyu Lee),이기은(Gi-Eun Lee),Renan Benigno Saraiva(Renan Benigno Saraiva ),Robert A. Nash(Robert A. Nash ),Lorraine Hope(Lorraine Hope ),이장한(Jang-Han Lee) 한국자료분석학회 2024 Journal of the Korean Data Analysis Society Vol.26 No.2

본 연구는 목격자 식별의 신빙성을 객관적이고 정량적으로 평가할 수 있는 목격자 식별 맥락에 특화된 메타기억 측정 도구인 목격자 메타기억 척도(Eyewitness Metamemory Scale)를 국내 실정에 맞게 타당화하였다. 이를 위해 만 19세 이상 60세 미만 362명을 대상으로 응답을 수집하여 원판의 개발 이전 초기 35개 문항에 대한 문항 분석, 요인분석, 수렴 및 변별타당도 분석, 신뢰도 분석을 실시하였다. 문항분석 및 요인적재량을 기준으로 원판의 개발 이전 초기 35개 문항 중 10개 문항을 제거한 25개 문항을 추출하였으며, 최종적으로 25개의 문항을 사용하여 확인적 요인분석을 실시한 결과 한국형 목격자 메타기억척도가 원판과 동일한 3개 요인 구조를 가지고 있음을 확인하였다. 또한 적절한 수렴 및 변별 타당도와 내적합치도를 보여 한국형 목격자 메타기억척도가 타당한 도구임이 확인되었다. 이러한 결과는 본 연구에서 타당화한 한국형 목격자 메타기억척도가 국내 범인식별절차 간 법적 의사결정을 보조할 수 있는 수단으로서 역할을 할 수 있음을 지지하며, 목격자 식별 맥락에서 메타기억의 문화적인 비교를 바탕으로 연구를 수행할 수 있는 기초 정보로써 제공될 수 있을 것이다. This study validated the Eyewitness Metamemory Scale, developed for the specific context of eyewitness identification, under Korean conditions. Data from 362 participants between the ages of 19 and 60 were subjected to item analysis, factor analysis, convergent and discriminant validity and reliability using the original 35 items. After extraction, 25 items were retained, 10 items were removed and 3 new items were added. Factor analysis confirmed the three-factor structure of the Korean version, which reflected the original scale and achieved a reasonable model fit. Adequate convergent and discriminant validity, as well as internal consistency, supported the reliability and validity of the Korean Eyewitness Metamemory Scale. These findings confirm the utility of the Korean Eyewitness Metamemory Scale as a tool to aid legal decision-making in the Korean criminal identification process and provide a basis for cross-cultural metamemory research in the context of eyewitness identification.

Improving GNSS accuracy for application of Bridge Monitoring System

Lee, Jae One(이재원),Gethin Robert,Lee, Jae Kang(이재강),Kang, Sang Gu(강상구),Ha, Ji Hyun(하지현) 한국측량학회 2013 한국측량학회 학술대회자료집 Vol.2013 No.4

IL-6 receptor 관 defines effector memory CD8+ T cells producing Th2 cytokines and expanding in asthma.

Lee, Naeun,You, Sungyong,Shin, Min Sun,Lee, Won-Woo,Kang, Ki Soo,Kim, Sang Hyun,Kim, Wan-Uk,Homer, Robert J,Kang, Min-Jong,Montgomery, Ruth R,Dela Cruz, Charles S,Shaw, Albert C,Lee, Patty J,Chupp, Ge American Lung Association 2014 American journal of respiratory and critical care Vol.190 No.12

<P>Cytokine receptors can be markers defining different T-cell subsets and considered as therapeutic targets. The association of IL-6 and IL-6 receptor 관 (IL-6R관) with asthma was reported, suggesting their involvement in asthma.</P>

Several Regions in the Major Histocompatibility Complex Confer Risk for Anti-CCP-Antibody Positive Rheumatoid Arthritis, Independent of the DRB1 Locus

Lee, Hye-Soon,Lee, Annette T.,Criswell, Lindsey A.,Seldin, Michael F.,Amos, Christopher I.,Carulli, John P.,Navarrete, Cristina,Remmers, Elaine F.,Kastner, Daniel L.,Plenge, Robert M.,Li, Wentian,Greg Springer (Biomed Central Ltd.) 2008 Molecular Medicine Vol.14 No.5

<P>Recent evidence suggests that additional risk loci for RA are present in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), independent of the class II HLA-DRB1 locus. We have now tested a total of 1,769 SNPs across 7.5Mb of the MHC located from 6p22.2 (26.03 Mb) to 6p21.32 (33.59 Mb) derived from the Illumina 550K Beadchip (Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA). For an initial analysis in the whole dataset (869 RA CCP + cases, 1,193 controls), the strongest association signal was observed in markers near the HLA-DRB1 locus, with additional evidence for association extending out into the Class I HLA region. To avoid confounding that may arise due to linkage disequilibrium with DRB1 alleles, we analyzed a subset of the data by matching cases and controls by DRB1 genotype (both alleles matched 1:1), yielding a set of 372 cases with 372 controls. This analysis revealed the presence of at least two regions of association with RA in the Class I region, independent of DRB1 genotype. SNP alleles found on the conserved A1-B8-DR3 (8.1) haplotype show the strongest evidence of positive association (P ~ 0.00005) clustered in the region around the HLA-C locus. In addition, we identified risk alleles that are not present on the 8.1 haplotype, with maximal association signals (P ~ 0.001-0.0027) located near the ZNF311 locus. This latter association is enriched in DRB1*0404 individuals. Finally, several additional association signals were found in the extreme centromeric portion of the MHC, in regions containing the DOB1, TAP2, DPB1, and COL11A2 genes. These data emphasize that further analysis of the MHC is likely to reveal genetic risk factors for rheumatoid arthritis that are independent of the DRB1 shared epitope alleles.</P>

Critique of Japan as an East-West Literary Hybrid in Yoko Tawada’s Kafka Kaikoku

Lee M. Roberts 서울대학교 외국어교육연구소 2017 외국어교육연구 Vol.20 No.-

Yoko Tawada’s drama Kafka Kaikoku (2013) depicts Japan’s encounter with Western culture from the Meiji era on as the catalyst for a metamorphosis much like Gregor Samsa’s in the work of the same name by Franz Kafka. Ironically, the victim of this East-West clash turns out to be Izumi Kyōka (1873-1939), a man who was anything but an enthusiastic adopter of European literary style. Interweaving elements also from Kafka’s Ein Landarzt (A Country Doctor, 1919), Tawada’s play suggests further that Izumi’s fate was set, since he—and, by extension, all Japanese—could not resist roles the West had prepared for him. Ultimately, this article explains, Kafka Kaikoku offers a critical view of modernization as a force that made Japanese into beings with a hybrid literary consciousness who lacked both much of their own native particularity and also their very humanity.

Pyrazole C-region analogues of 2-(3-fluoro-4-methylsulfonylaminophenyl)propanamides as potent TRPV1 antagonists

Lee, Sunho,Kim, Changhoon,Ann, Jihyae,Thorat, Shivaji A.,Kim, Eunhye,Park, Jongmi,Choi, Sun,Blumberg, Peter M.,Frank-Foltyn, Robert,Bahrenberg, Gregor,Stockhausen, Hannelore,Christoph, Thomas,Lee, Jee Pergamon Press 2017 Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters Vol.27 No.18

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A series of 1-substituted 3-(<I>t</I>-butyl/trifluoromethyl)pyrazole C-region analogues of 2-(3-fluoro-4-methylsulfonamidophenyl)propanamides were investigated for <I>h</I>TRPV1 antagonism. The structure activity relationship indicated that the 3-chlorophenyl group at the 1-position of pyrazole was the optimized hydrophobic group for antagonistic potency and the activity was stereospecific to the <I>S</I>-configuration, providing exceptionally potent antagonists <B>13<I>S</I> </B> and <B>16<I>S</I> </B> with <I>K<SUB>i(CAP)</SUB> </I> =0.1nM. Particularly significant, <B>13<I>S</I> </B> exhibited antagonism selective for capsaicin and NADA and not for low pH or elevated temperature. Both compounds also proved to be very potent antagonists for <I>r</I>TRPV1, blocking <I>in vivo</I> the hypothermic action of capsaicin, consistent with their <I>in vitro</I> mechanism. The docking study of compounds <B>13<I>S</I> </B> and <B>16<I>S</I> </B> in our <I>h</I>TRPV1 homology model indicated that the binding modes differed somewhat, with that of <B>13<I>S</I> </B> more closely resembling that of <B>GRT12360</B>.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Random Elements in $L^1(R)$ and Kernel Density Estimators

Lee, Sung-Ho,Lee, Robert -Taylor The Korean Statistical Society 1993 Journal of the Korean Statistical Society Vol.22 No.1

Random elements in $L^1(R)$ and some properties of $L^1(R)$ space are investigated with application to kernel density estimators. A weak law of large numbers for compact uniformly integrable random elements is introduced for further application.

MoO₂ as a thermally stable oxide electrode for dynamic random-access memory capacitors

Lee, Woongkyu,Cho, Cheol Jin,Lee, Woo Chul,Hwang, Cheol Seong,Chang, Robert P. H.,Kim, Seong Keun The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Journal of Materials Chemistry C Vol.6 No.48

<P>Metallic MoO2 is proposed as a new oxide electrode for dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) capacitors. Although noble metal oxide electrodes including RuO2 and SrRuO3 have attracted interest as capacitor electrodes, these materials have critical instability problems of ease-of-reduction during the subsequent annealing process. In contrast, MoO2 shows excellent thermal stability of the structural and chemical properties even after annealing at 400 °C in both forming gas and O2 atmospheres. In addition, MoO2 electrodes induce the formation of a high temperature phase with a high dielectric constant, rutile TiO2, by atomic layer deposition at the relatively low temperature of 250 °C because of the structural homogeneity between MoO2 and rutile TiO2. These results demonstrate that MoO2 could be a promising electrode material for DRAM capacitors.</P>