Grant-Free Random Access in Multicell Massive MIMO Systems with Mixed-Type Devices: Backoff Mechanism Optimizations under Delay Constraints

Yingying Fang,Qi Zhang 한국인터넷정보학회 2023 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.17 No.1

Grant-free random access (GFRA) can reduce the access delay and signaling cost, and satisfy the short transmission packet and strict delay constraints requirement in internet of things (IoT). IoT is a major trend in the future, which is characterized by the variety of applications and devices. However, most existing studies on GFRA only consider a single type of device and omit the effect of access delay. In this paper, we study GFRA in multicell massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems where different types of devices with various configurations and requirements co-exist. By introducing the backoff mechanism, each device is randomly activated according to the backoff parameter, and active devices randomly select an orthogonal pilot sequence from a predefined pilot pool. An analytical approximation of the average spectral efficiency for each type of device is derived. Based on it, we obtain the optimal backoff parameter for each type of devices under their delay constraints. It is found that the optimal backoff parameters are closely related to the device number and delay constraint. In general, devices that have larger quantity should have more backoff time before they are allowed to access. However, as the delay constraint become stricter, the required backoff time reduces gradually, and the device with larger quantity may have less backoff time than that with smaller quantity when its delay constraint is extremely strict. When the pilot length is short, the effect of delay constraints mentioned above works more obviously.

Indole-3-acetic acid ameliorates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis via the ERK signaling pathway

Xinyan Qu,Yingying Song,Qingjun Li,Qi Xu,Yanru Li,Huimin Zhang,Xuemei Cheng,Charles R. Mackay,Quanbo Wang,Wei Liu 대한약학회 2024 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.47 No.3

Microbiota-derived catabolism of nutrients is closely related to ulcerative colitis (UC). The level of indole-3-acetic acid(IAA), a microbiota-dependent metabolite of tryptophan, was decreased signifi cantly in the feces of UC patients. Thus supplementationwith IAA could be a potential therapeutic method for ameliorating colitis. In this work, the protective eff ect ofsupplementation with IAA on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis was evaluated, and the underlying mechanismwas elucidated. The results indicated that the administration of IAA signifi cantly relieved DSS-induced weight loss, reducedthe disease activity index (DAI), restored colon length, alleviated intestinal injury, and improved the intestinal tight junctionbarrier. Furthermore, IAA inhibited intestinal infl ammation by reducing the expression of proinfl ammatory cytokines andpromoting the production of IL-10 and TGF-β1. In addition, the ERK signaling pathway is an important mediator of variousphysiological processes including infl ammatory responses and is closely associated with the expression of IL-10. Notably,IAA treatment induced the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), which is involved in the progressionof colitis, while the ERK inhibitor U0126 attenuated the benefi cial eff ects of IAA. In summary, IAA could attenuate theclinical symptoms of colitis, and the ERK signaling pathway was involved in the underlying mechanism. Supplementationwith IAA could be a potential option for preventing or ameliorating UC.

Microsatellite primers in red bayberry, <i>Myrica rubra</i> (Myricaceae)

Xie, Xiaobo,Qiu, Yingying,Ke, Liping,Zheng, Xiliang,Wu, Guanting,Chen, Jinqing,Qi, Xingjiang,Ahn, Sangnag Wiley (John WileySons) 2011 American journal of botany Vol.98 No.4

<P>Microsatellite markers were developed in Myrica rubra to investigate potential hybridization events within or between M. rubra and its closely related species.</P>

Coated cysteamine, a potential feed additive for ruminants — An updated review

Yaqoob Muhammad Umar,Hou Jia,Zhe Li,Qi Yingying,Wu Peng,Zhu Xiangde,Cao Xiaoli,Li Zhefeng 아세아·태평양축산학회 2024 Animal Bioscience Vol.37 No.2

For sustainable development, better performance, and less gas pollution during rumen fermentation, there is a need to find a green and safe feed additive for ruminants. Cysteamine (CS) is a biological compound naturally produced in mammalian cells. It is widely used as a growth promoter in ruminants because of its ability to control hormone secretions. It mainly controls the circulating concentration of somatostatin and enhances growth hormone production, leading to improved growth performance. CS modulates the rumen fermentation process in a way beneficial for the animals and environment, leading to less methane production and nutrients loss. Another beneficial effect of using CS is that it improves the availability of nutrients to the animals and enhances their absorption. CS also works as an antioxidant and protects the cells from oxidative damage. In addition, CS has no adverse effects on bacterial and fungal alpha diversity in ruminants. Dietary supplementation of CS enhances the population of beneficial microorganisms. Still, no data is available on the use of CS on reproductive performance in ruminants, so there is a need to evaluate the effects of using CS in breeding animals for an extended period. In this review, the action mode of CS was updated according to recently published data to highlight the beneficial effects of using CS in ruminants

Comparison of Direct and Extraction Immunoassay Methods With Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Measurement of Urinary Free Cortisol for the Diagnosis of Cushing’s Syndrome

Mu Danni,Fang Jiadan,Yu Songlin,Ma Yichen,Cheng Jin,Hu Yingying,Song Ailing,Zhao Fang,Zhang Qi,Qi Zhihong,Zhang Kui,Xia Liangyu,Qiu Ling,Zhu Huijuan,Cheng Xinqi 대한진단검사의학회 2024 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.44 No.1

Background: Twenty-four-hour urinary free cortisol (UFC) measurement is the initial diagnostic test for Cushing’s syndrome (CS). We compared UFC determination by both direct and extraction immunoassays using Abbott Architect, Siemens Atellica Solution, and Beckman DxI800 with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). In addition, we evaluated the value of 24-hr UFC measured by six methods for diagnosing CS. Methods: Residual 24-hr urine samples of 94 CS and 246 non-CS patients were collected. A laboratory-developed LC-MS/MS method was used as reference. UFC was measured by direct assays (D) using Abbott, Siemens, and Beckman platforms and by extraction assays (E) using Siemens and Beckman platforms. Method was compared using Passing–Bablok regression and Bland–Altman plot analyses. Cut-off values for the six assays and corresponding sensitivities and specificities were calculated by ROC analysis. Results: Abbott-D, Beckman-E, Siemens-E, and Siemens-D showed strong correlations with LC-MS/MS (Spearman coefficient r=0.965, 0.922, 0.922, and 0.897, respectively), while Beckman-D showed weaker correlation (r=0.755). All immunoassays showed proportionally positive bias. The areas under the curve were 0.975 for Abbott-D, 0.972 for LC-MS/MS, 0.966 for Siemens-E, 0.948 for Siemens-D, 0.955 for Beckman-E, and 0.877 for Beckman-D. The cut-off values varied significantly (154.8–1,321.5 nmol/24 hrs). Assay sensitivity and specificity ranged from 76.1% to 93.2% and from 93.0% to 97.1%, respectively. Conclusions: Commercially available immunoassays for measuring UFC show different levels of analytical consistency compared to LC-MS/MS. Abbott-D, Siemens-E, and Beckman-E have high diagnostic accuracy for CS.

Comprehensive analysis of miRNAs, lncRNAs and mRNAs profiles in backfat tissue between Daweizi and Yorkshire pigs

Chen Chen,Yitong Chang,Yuan Deng,Qingming Cui,Yingying Liu,Huali Li,Huibo Ren,Ji Zhu,Qi Liu,Yinglin Peng Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2023 Animal Bioscience Vol.36 No.3

Objective: Daweizi (DWZ) is a famous indigenous pig breed in China and characterized by tender meat and high fat percentage. However, the expression profiles and functions of transcripts in DWZ pigs is still in infancy. The object of this study was to depict the transcript profiles in DWZ pigs and screen the potential pathway influence adipogenesis and fat deposition, Methods: Histological analysis of backfat tissue was firstly performed between DWZ and lean-type Yorkshire pigs, and then RNA sequencing technology was utilized to explore miRNAs, lncRNAs and mRNAs profiles in backfat tissue. 18 differentially expressed (DE) transcripts were randomly selected for quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (QPCR) to validate the reliability of the sequencing results. Finally, gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis were conducted to investigate the potential pathways influence adipocyte differentiation, adipogenesis and lipid metabolism, and a schematic model was further proposed. Results: A total of 1,625 differentially expressed transcripts were identified in DWZ pigs, including 27 upregulated and 45 downregulated miRNAs, 64 upregulated and 119 down-regulated lncRNA, 814 upregulated and 556 downregulated mRNAs. QPCR analysis exhibited strong consistency with the sequencing data. GO and KEGG analysis elucidated that the differentially expressed transcripts were mainly associated with cell growth and death, signal transduction, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), PI3K-Akt, adipocytokine and foxo signaling pathways, all of which are strongly involved in cell development, lipid metabolism and adipogenesis. Further analysis indicated that the BGIR9823_87926/miR-194a-5p/AQP7 network may be effective in the process of adipocyte differentiation or adipogenesis. Conclusion: Our study provides comprehensive insights into the regulatory network of backfat deposition and lipid metabolism in pigs from the point of view of miRNAs, lncRNAs and mRNAs.