ERROR ESTIMATES FOR THE FULLY DISCRETE STABILIZED GAUGE-UZAWA METHOD -PART I: THE NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS

Pyo, Jae-Hong The Kangwon-Kyungki Mathematical Society 2013 한국수학논문집 Vol.21 No.2

The stabilized Gauge-Uzawa method (SGUM), which is a second order projection type algorithm to solve the time-dependent Navier-Stokes equations, has been newly constructed in 2013 Pyo's paper. The accuracy of SGUM has been proved only for time discrete scheme in the same paper, but it is crucial to study for fully discrete scheme, because the numerical errors depend on discretizations for both space and time, and because discrete spaces between velocity and pressure can not be chosen arbitrary. In this paper, we find out properties of the fully discrete SGUM and estimate its errors and stability to solve the evolution Navier-Stokes equations. The main difficulty in this estimation arises from losing some cancellation laws due to failing divergence free condition of the discrete velocity function. This result will be extended to Boussinesq equations in the continuous research (part II) and is essential in the study of part II.

EXCEL을 활용한 회계의 순환과정 교육프로그램 -거래의 분석에서 잔액시산표까지-

전재표 ( Jeun Jae-pyo ) 한국세무회계학회 2018 세무회계연구 Vol.0 No.56

이 연구는 국가직무능력표준(National Competency Standards:NCS) 기반의 교육과정이 도입됨에 따라 새롭게 요구되는 교과과정을 반영한 학습과정(회계원리 수준)을 운영하면서, 그 교과내용의 교육 효과성과 효율성을 높이는 학습프로그램을 개발하고자 하는데 있다. NCS 능력단위가운데 전표관리와 결산관리를 중심으로 살펴보고, EXCEL에서 그 교과내용을 학습프로그램으로 구현해 보고 또 그 활용방안을 제시하였다. 그 주요 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 전체구조는 거래의 분석과 거래의 기록이라는 틀 안에서 기존연구를 보완해주는 성과를 가져왔다. 둘째, 거래의 분석 및 시산표 계정과목 선택과 같은 작업의 결과를 시각적으로 확인할 수 있도록 도형의 출현방식으로 자기주도 학습의 이해도를 높이게 하였다. 셋째, 거래의 분석에 손익결산거래를 포함시켜 회계의 전체 순환과정을 살펴볼 수 있게 하여 프로그램의 완성도를 높였다. 넷째, 회계의 주요 장부인 분개장과 총계정원장 모두를 열람할 수 있게 하였고, 재무제표의 양식을 나타내는 합계잔액시산표를 작성할 수 있게 하였다. 본 연구는 국가역량체계((National Qualification Frame-work, NQF)와 연계된 NCS 교과과정의 교육을 기존의 양식을 통한 설명중심에서 학습자 중심의 분석을 통한 기록의 이해를 가능하게 하여 회계기초교육의 효과성과 효율성을 확보하는 성과를 도출하고, 교육의 수월성을 가져오는데 기여할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. The purpose of this study is to develop an education program that reflects the newly required curriculum as the National Competency Standards (NCS) based curriculum is introduced. In the NCS competence unit, we focused on the management of slip and closing journalizing, and developed by EXCEL as a learning program, and suggested ways to use it. For this purpose, I described prior literature review and I developed educational program file provided open post by EXCEL macro and Visual Basic Applications. By case study included in program file is provided for educators and learners. First, the whole structure has complemented existing research within the framework of transaction analysis and records. Secondly, the self-directed learning was enhanced by the appearance of the graphic form so that the result of the work such as the analysis of the transaction and the calculation of the account of the balance sheet can be visually confirmed. Third, the analysis of the transaction includes the profit and loss settlement transaction, so that the whole cycle of accounting can be examined. Fourth, we have made it possible to view both the main books of accounting and the general ledger, and to prepare the total balance of the financial statements. The learner-centered analysis of the explanation form through EXCEL program file can contribute to the achievement of effectiveness and efficiency, and the excellence of education.

리황의 철학사상에 대하여

변정암 慶北大學校 退溪硏究所 2004 退溪學과 韓國文化 Vol.- No.35-2

퇴계 이황은 16세기의 대표적인 관념론철학자이다. 이황의 철학사상은 총체적으로 존재론과 의식론, 윤리설로 이루어져 있다. 우선 그의 존재론에서는 이를 운동능력을 가지고 스스로 운동하며 우주만물을 낳는 '능발능생'의 존재로 규정하면서, 그 위치를 상제의 높이에까지 끌어올려 '극존무대'의 절대적 존재로 정립하였다. 또한 이것에 기초하여 이일원론적 경향을 뚜렷이 하였는데, 이것은 그의 인식론에서도 명백히 나타나고 있다. 그는 인식주체와 인식대상의 원칙적이며 본질적인 구분을 부정하였는데, 이것은 인간의 인식과정은 본질에 있어서 자기의 본성 속에 이미 선천적으로 갖추어져 있는 이를 사물현상을 통하여 확인해보는 과정에 불과하다는 것이다. 더 나아가 사물현상에 대한 인식과정이 이 스스로의 자기 발현에 의한 자기 인식과정임을 명시하는 '이자도'설을 주장하였다. 이황은 윤리설 또한 이일원론에 기초하여 전개하였는데, 대표적인 것은 '주경(主敬)'론이다. '경'에는 두 개의 단계가 있는데, 첫 단계는 개개의 사물을 각각 전일하는 단계이고, 두 번째 단계는 하나에서 완전한 조화를 이루는 단계 즉. '물아통일'의 경지이다. 이처럼 '물아통일'을 '경'의 최고 이상경계로 세운 것은 '천리'에 부합되는 인간의 도덕적 완성의 필연성을 확증하자는데 있었다. Yi Hwang in the pen name Toe'gye, is the representative philosopher of idealism in the 16th century. His philosophy mainly consists of ontology, study of consciousness, and ethics. Considering reason (li) and energy (ki) as a unified unit, Yi Hwang denies the distinction between the subject of thinking and the object. According to his theory, a man cognizes phenomenon, availing his inborn ability to reason, which is called as the theory of Lijado.

아동의 또래지위와 우정의 질 및 친구간 갈등해결전략과의 관계

김표선,성영혜 숙명여자대학교 아동연구소 2004 兒童硏究 Vol.17 No.2

The purpose of this study is to find to relationship among the children's peer status, friendship quality, and conflict resolution strategie in children's friendship. The object of this study were 417 children in 5th grade of elementary school in Seoul. The measuring instruments used for study were peer nomination developed by Coie and Dodge(1983), Friendship Quality Scale developed by Lee and Koh(1999) and a Scale on Friendship Conflict Resolution Strategies (Rhee, Koh & Oh, 2000). The Collected data was analyzed by SPSSWIN statistical program. The frequency and percentage were calculated to investigate the general characteristics of the subjects. One-Way analysis was performed to find relationship among the children's peer status, friendship quality Mutiple Regression was performend to find relationship among the children's peer status, friendship quality, and conflict resolution strategie in children's friendship. The major results of this study are as follows, First, concerning about peer status and friendship quality, pouplar group have a positive friendship but, rejected group have a conflictive friendship. Second, while popular group used various strategy in conflict resolution, neglected group used evasive strategy. Third, concerning about relation between quality of friendship and frienship conflict resolution strategy, while the group which has high degree of emotional stability, intimacy and human desire used negotiation, cooperation and concession strategy, the group with has low degree of cooperation and pleasure of friendship used evasion and away strategy. Fourth, concerning the effect of friendship quality according to peer status which influence conflict resolution strategy between friendship, each popular, average, rejected and neglected group gas different quality of friendship and according the lower factor of friendship quality, each group has different conflict resolution strategy. Therefore I suggest that according to the peer status, arbitration program should be selected with propriety.

스포츠 공식 후원사와 매복마케팅 간의 광고효과 비교 분석

이표상 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.20 No.1

The purpose of this research was to reveal differences in advertisement effects between official sponsors and ambushing marketing companies, in the aspects of the attitudes in advertisements about company, product goodwill degree, purchasing intentions, company images, and changed consumer attitudes after ambush marketing were verified, establishing concepts through theoretical surveying previous researches about ambush marketing and through practical and experimental analysis. The results of those practical analysis were outlined below: Domestic consumers generally had positive recognitions about official sponsors and trusted them, but they could not easily differentiate ambush marketing from official advertisements due to barely understanding what official sponsors are. That reason was that they were difficult to recognize official sponsors in advertisements. Furthermore, respondents to the questionnaire did not change their positive attitudes towards advertisements after recognizing the fact that official sponsors they had thought were in fact ambush marketing. Therefore there were no or little differences between ambush marketing and official sponsors in the aspects of the attitudes in advertisements about company, product attitudes, purchasing intentions, and company images.

風俗圖의 동아시아적 의미

鄭炳模 경주대학교 1995 論文集 Vol.7 No.-

The purpose of this study is to define a traditional meaning of Pung sok To(風俗圖), East-Asia genre painting in the East-Asian sense, and put the study of genre painting of Choson dynasty in new perspective. This study attempts to 1) investigate the change in the meaning of Pung(風) which is the first and the important letter of Pung Sok To, and 2) review the meaning of Pung Sok To in the East-Asian sense. In the earlier time, Pung which means sind symbolized the gods ruing four directions, Pung was not only a natural phenomena, but also spiritual existence. Then Pung indicated the life of the ruled or local customs, it came to take on political meaning. The meaning is related to the hierarchy of feudalism. Pung Sok To first appeared in records of North-South dynasty of China. Since then the meanings of Pung Sok To are used as follows; ①A genre painting of he minority races in China ②A foreign genre painting ③A genre painting of the ruled. Traditionally in Korean and Japan the meaning was used in a similar way that was used in China, And This is different from the meaning of European Genre painting.

스포츠 스폰서십과 구매의도의 관계

이표상 한국학교체육학회 2003 한국학교 체육학회지 Vol.13 No.2

본 연구는 기업의 스포츠 스폰서십 활동에 대한 소비자들의 인식을 살펴보고, 스포츠 스폰서십이 기업이미지와 소비자의 태도변화, 구매의도에 어떠한 영향을 미치며 스폰서십을 통한 이미지 및 태도변화가 구매의도에 미치는 영향력이 소비자들의 기업인지 정도에 따라 차이가 있는가를 살펴봄으로써 스포츠 스폰서십의 효과와 구매의도의 관계를 규명하는데 목적을 두었다. 연구 대상자는 2003년 서울에 거주하고 있는 대학생 및 직장인들로 하였으며, 표집은 편의 표본추출법 (convenience sampling method)을 사용하여 표본을 추출하였다. 본 조사는 스스로 설문지를 읽고 응답하게 하는 자답식 설문조사방법을 사용하였다. 통계분석은 설문지의 전산처리를 위하여 SPSS(Statistical Packages for Social Science)를 이용하였다. 수집된 자료는 먼저 측정항목들의 신뢰성(reliability) 측정하기 위해 Cronbach's alpha 값을 이용하여 분석하였고, 기업이미지, 광고태도, 제품태도의 변화를 측정하기 위해 ANOVA(One-Way ANOVA, 2-Way ANOVA)와 T-test를 실시 하였으며, 스포츠 스폰서십에 의한 이미지 및 광고태도 ?제품태도가 구매의도에 미치는 영향에 대한 가설을 검증 하기 위해 회귀분석을 실시한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 첫째, 스포츠 스폰서십 메시지는 구매의도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 기업인지도가 높은 기업보다 낮은 기업에서 스포츠 스폰서십이 구매의도에 미치는 영향이 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 스포츠 스폰서십의 효과는 기업의 인지성 정도에 따라 다르게 나타나며 인지도가 높은 기업의 경우에는 스폰서십 메시지 제시이후에 광고태도는 구매의도에 영향을 미치지 않으며, 인지도가 낮은 기업의 경우에는 스폰서십 메시지 제시 전에는 기업이미지가 구매의도에 영향을 미치지 않지만 스폰서십 메시지 제시 후에는 기업이미지가 구매의도에 영향을 미친다는 것을 알 수 있다. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between sports sponsorship and purchase intention. For this purpose, it was investigated that how sports sponsorship affects enterprise awareness, consumer attitude, and purchase intention and if the change of enterprise awareness and consumer attitude through sponsorship differ in purchase intention according to enterprise awareness level. By diversified measurement on effect of Sports sponsorship, we get results as follows. ANOVA analysis and t-test were carried out to survey how sports sponsorship affects purchase intention and if the influence on purchase intention according to enterprise awareness level differs. First, it was appeared that sponsorship message had a positive influence on purchase intension. Second, the influence that sponsorship affects purchase intention was high in corporation which recognition degree was low than corporation which recognition degree was high. Third, regression analysis was put in force to search how the change of enterprise awareness and consumer attitude through sports sponsorship affect purchase intention of consumer. It was appeared that in case of enterprise which recognition degree is high, enterprise awareness, attitude-toward-the-ads, and brand attitude had an influence on purchase intention before presented sponsorship message. But in case of presented sponsorship message, only enterprise awareness and brand attitude had an influence on purchase intention and this influence was higher than before message was presented. In case of enterprise which recognition degree is low, attitude-toward-the-ads and brand attitude had an influence on purchase intention, but on the other hand enterprise awareness didn't have a significant influence before presented sponsorship message. But after presented sponsorship message, it was showed that enterprise awareness, attitude-toward-the-ads, and brand attitude had an influence on purchase intention. This means that enterprise awareness through sports sponsorship affects purchase intention in case of enterprise which recognition degree is low

학교 체육과 생활 체육의 보완적 연계를 통한 중학교 체육과 교육과정의 효율적 운영 방안

이표상 한국학교체육학회 2004 한국학교 체육학회지 Vol.14 No.1

본 연구는 학교 체육과 생활 체육의 상호보완적 연계를 통해 중학교 체육과 교육과정의 효율적 운영 방안들을 탐색하는 데 초점을 맞추어 관련 선행연구와 보고자료 및 참고문헌을 토대로 다음과 같은 방안을 모색하였다. 첫째, 학교 체육과 생활 체육 두 영역간의 양태에 따른 연계 방식에서 차별적, 통합적, 보완적 연계 방식 중, 현실적인 상황에서 보완적 연계 방식이 가장 바람직한 방안으로 생각된다. 둘째, 학교 체육은 '학교'와 '수업'의 테두리 내에서 교육적 이상의 한 부분에 '생활'과 '실용 중심적인 것'을 포용하는 방식의 변용이 필요하고, 생활 체육은 학교 밖의 울타리를 벗어나 '생활적인 점'을 부각하고 '외재적이고 실용적인 특징'에서 인성함양, 안목개발, 자아실현 등 학교체육의 내재적 가치를 달성하기 위해 사회교육의 성격을 가미한 변용이 필요하다. 셋째, 인접지 지역 생활 체육시설 이용에서 나타나는 문제점인 '이동상의 비용이성' 그리고 '비근접성' 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위해서 지역 생활 체육시설뿐만 아니라 학사일정과 교과내용에 따라 대학 내의 체육시설 그리고 타 학교 체윽시설 활용 방안을 고려할 필요가 있다. 또한 이동수업시 예상되는 안전사고에 대한 문제는 현재 운영중인 학교 안전공제회의 법적 적용 범위가 확대되어 안전사고의 책임으로부터 보호받을 수 있도록 하여 창의적이고 의욕적인 교육활동이 위축되지 않도록 제도적 장치가 우선되어야 할 것으로 생각된다. 넷째, 인접지 지역 생활 체육 자원을 적극 활용하기 위해서는 대안적 체육과 교육과정 운영에 따른 체육수업시간의 통합적 운영이 절대적으로 필요하다. 다섯째, 체육수업의 질적 향상을 제고하기 위해서는 연간프로그램의 계획과 실행에서 생활체육지도자와 공동 참여를 통해 수업시간의 협동적 운영, 학습자 관리, 지도내용과 교수 학습방법의 부문에서 유기적인 정보공유와 교류를 필요로 하며, 이와 같은 인적 자원 활용은 중학교 체육과 교육과정의 효율적 운영에 긍정적 영향을 미칠 것이라 기대된다. This study focuses on making an efficient Programs for middle school physical education's curriculum through complementary connection of school physical education and life sports. With reference to related advance research, report and reference, this study designs the following plans in terms of conceptive plan for connection of school physical education to life sports and complement-enabled area in detail, based on curricular physical education class. First, among differential, integrated and complementary connection methods in accordance with pattern between school physical education and life sports, it is expected that complementary connection will be realistically desirable. Second, school physical education is required to include 'life' and 'practicality' in light of idealistic education within the scope of 'school' and 'class'. On the contrary, life sports need to add social education so as to place stress on 'life activity' out of school and search for internal values of school physical education, i.e., personality cultivation, insight development, self-realization out of `external and practical characteristics'. Third, in order to solve problems such as 'uneasy movement' and 'inaccessibility' that may occur when using athletic facilities in neighboring cities, campus athletic facilities as well as local athletic facilities should be available according to education schedule and it may be required to utilize athletic facilities at other universities. For problems about accidents that may occur during mobile class, it is necessary to extend legal scope of application of School Safety Fraternal Association currently in operation so as to protect from accidents and also required to create institutional frameworks to prevent creative and motivated education activities from being shrunk. Fourth, in order to make the best use of local athletic facilities in neighboring areas, it is required to manage physical education class according to alternative education and curriculum operation. Fifth, so as to increase the quality of physical education class, it is required to cooperatively operate class, manage learners, share and exchange information in the area of guidance, teaching method through joint participation of life sports leaders in annual programs. Such utilization of human resources in neighboring area is considered as important factor that may have positive effects upon the efficient operation of middle school physical education's curriculum.

Hemingway 硏究 : ("The Sun Also Rises")를 中心으로

홍문표 군산대학교 1979 群山水産專門大學 硏究報告 Vol.13 No.2

Ernest Hemingway is one of the representative writers of Lost Generation American Literary Field ever had in the 20th century. Among his great works, the Sun Also Rises prefaces vividly its generation. He became a nuclus of the writers who took an active part in their new productions. The material civilization after the World War I brought about spiritual poverty to man degrading his value. He gives a scathing satire on the world he belongs to with nihility anti disillusion in the sun Also Rises. The discussion of the Sun Also Rises concludes several ambiguous questions concerning the Hemingway's code and suggests that the code is somewhat more allusive than it at first to be. According to his literary principle, he was able to apply his knowledge in a practical manner to the way he lived his life, and he produced a truer account anything factual can be. Just a word in conclusion, the Sun Also Rises is composed of an artistic excellence on a high level and sincerity.

스포츠 모델의 이미지와 전문성이 기업광고에 미치는 영향

이표상,장현철 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.14 No.6

This study analyzes the relations between the effects that a commercial image of a professional athlete has on a company, the professionalism of the commercial, and the efficiency of the commercial on companies. This research was done in April 2003 with a population of adults living in the five biggest cities in South Korea. 372 adults answered this survey. Statistical analysis was used to analyze the results. The conclusions are as follows; First, in a comparison of the commercial image by sports players and the professionalism of the commercial and a comparison between the commercial professionalism and the efficiency of the commercial, the highest significance was found in the first comparison. If the professionalism of the commercial by the athletes is higher, the publics viewpoint is more positive for the commercia image. Second, a comparison is made between the commercial image by professional athletes and the efficiency of the commercial on the companies. A second comparison is between the commercial professionalism and the efficiency of the commercial on the companies. A higher significance was found in the first comparison. In conclusion, a better image for the commercial than the professionalism of the commercial has more positive effects on the company sales.