ㅣ의 조음 특성에 관한 연구

조오현 ( Oh Hyun Cho ) 한말연구학회 2001 한말연구 Vol.- No.9

This study is experimental and in this study, the hypothesis written by Cho Oh-hyun (1998, 1999), which suggests the difference between the phonetic value of `ㅣ` in 15th century and at the present time, will be tested and examined. The method taken for experiment is that a sound value is assumed by analysing sounds, and the theoretical background and the method and the consequency of the experiment are described below: 1) The theoretical background ① Referring to the nature [+high] of `ㅣ` containing a wide variety of phonemic phenomenon and the explanation in 「Hun Min Jeong Yem - the Korean script」, the sound of `ㅣ` was possibly articulated in the area of the neutral position in the 15th century, however, at present it has been changed in to a unvoiced vowel and become the presently used [+high] sound of `ㅣ`. ② ① A wide variety of phonemic phenomenon, which did not exist in the 15th century, has been generated, for example, `ㄷ` palatalization and `ㄴ` a law of the initial sound of a syllable, a dental sound of `ㅈ`, `ㅊ`, `ㅉ` being changed to a palatal sound, a inherited overlapping vowel being changed to a single vowel and round vowelization. 2) a method for the experiment Seven male students from Seoul and seven male students from Kyeng-Ki provice, who are in the third year at Kon-kuk university, were selected and trained to be able to pronounce `ㅈ`, `ㅊ`, `ㅉ` both with a palatal sound and with a gum sound, and then `ㅣ` sound was abstracted and analyzed by the method suggested by P. Ladefoged in order to decide a range. The range already decided mentioned above were used to compare between the ranges of the presently used `ㅣ` and surrounding sounds of `ㅡ`, `ㅓ`, `ㅔ`. 3) the result of the experiment The experiment has proven that the phonetic value of `ㅣ` being articulated a sound which was higher than `ㅓ` position and in front of `ㅓ` position in the 15th century, is different from the sound of `ㅣ` presently used. As a result of the experiment, it is concluded that the sound of `ㅣ` was pronounced from near neutral position and the sound easily pronounced, which is explained in `Jung Seoung Hae in 「Hun Min Jeong Yem - the Korean script」is the same meaning of the neutral position.

Efficient Interleukin-21 Production by Optimization of Codon and Signal Peptide in Chinese Hamster Ovarian Cells

( Hee Jun Cho ),( Byung Moo Oh ),( Jong-tae Kim ),( Jeewon Lim ),( Sang Yoon Park ),( Yo Sep Hwang ),( Kyoung Eun Baek ),( Bo-yeon Kim ),( Inpyo Choi ),( Hee Gu Lee ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2019 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.29 No.2

Interleukin-21 is a common γ-chain cytokine that controls the immune responses of B cells, T cells, and natural killer cells. Targeting IL-21 to strengthen the immune system is promising for the development of vaccines as well as anti-infection and anti-tumor therapies. However, the practical application of IL-21 is limited by the high production cost. In this study, we improved IL-21 production by codon optimization and selection of appropriate signal peptide in CHO-K1 cells. Codon-optimized or non-optimized human IL-21 was stably transfected into CHO-K1 cells. IL-21 expression was 10-fold higher for codon-optimized than non-optimized IL-21. We fused five different signal peptides to codon-optimized mature IL-21 and evaluated their effect on IL-21 production. The best result (a 3-fold increase) was obtained using a signal peptide derived from human azurocidin. Furthermore, codon-optimized IL-21 containing the azurocidin signal peptide promoted IFN-γ secretion and STAT3 phosphorylation in NK-92 cells similar to codon-optimized IL-21 containing original signal peptide. Collectively, these results indicate that codon optimization and azurocidin signal peptides provide an efficient approach for the high-level production of IL-21 as a biopharmaceutical.

Equaatiorial-Skew [Co(TRDTRA)(OH₂)] 착물과 CN, NO₂그리고 NCS 이온간의 치환반응

都命基,趙榮在,李東鎭,吳昌彦,金東曄 嶺南大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1992 基礎科學硏究 Vol.12 No.-

Equatorial-Skew형[Co(TRDTRA)(OH₂)]착물과 ??,?? 그리고 ?? 이온 간의 치환반응결과 생성된 차물의 치환반응성 및 구조를 전자흡수 스펙트럼과 Yamatera 이론에 따라 조사하였다. 속도론적 자료로부터 착물과 ??,?? 그리고 ?? 이온의 반응차수는 각각 1차이며 총괄 반응차수는 2차임을 알 수 있었다. ?? 및 ?? 이온에서 생성된 착물의 구조는 이성질화 반응이 동반된 Polar-Chair 형이며, ?? 이온의 경우에는 이성질화 반응이 동반되지 않은 Equatorial-Skew 형임을 알 수 있었다. The substitution reaction and structrue of products obtained from the reaction of Equatorial-Skew-[Co(TRDTRA)(OH??)](TRDTRA=trimethylenediaminetriacetate) with ??,??, and NCS ions have been investigated by means of electronic absorption spectroscopy and theoretical calculation based on the Yamatera`s theory. According to kinetic data, the substitution reaction order for the complexes such as ??,?? and ?? was the first order, respectively, and overall reaction order was second order. It has been determined that the structure of products having ?? and ?? ions was Polar-Chair type complexes which were accompanying with isomerization and having ?? ion was Equatorial-Skew type complex which was not accompanying with isomerization.

인스트루먼트 패널용 수용성 질감 도료의 물리적 성질

김억(Ok Kim),오우정(Woo-Jeong Oh),전용(Yong Chun),김영태(Young-Tae Kim),안재범(Jae-Beom Ahn),조영호(Youngho Cho) 한국자동차공학회 2005 한국자동차공학회 춘 추계 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2005 No.11_3

Physical properties of waterborne soft feel coatings for instrument panel were investigated. Soft feel coatings give warm and velvet touch for cold and hard plastic materials. Waterborne soft feel coating is composed with two parts. Part A contains polyester polyurethane dispersion (PE-PUD), OH-functional water dispersible polyurethane resin (PC-PUD) and OH-functional water dispersible alkyd resin (OH-PA). Part B contains hydrophilic hexamethylene diisocyanate trimer (HHDI). Soft feeling of coated panel was related with the amounts of PC-PUD and OH-PA. The physical properties of coated panel could be controlled by the NCO/OH ratio from Part A and Part B. Soft feeling was enhanced with relevant to PE-PUD content but the content of PE-PUD was limited because of weakening of coated film strength. For excellent touch and good property, the optimum composition of soft feel coat was PC-PUD(30%) and PE-PUD(20%). The results from all reliability tests satisfied soft feeling, scratch, chemical resistance and fogging.

The Effect of Working-hour Characteristics and Health Status of Nurses on Work–life Balance: Using the 5th Korean Working Conditions Survey

Cho,Eunjeong,Ju,Jieun,Oh,Booyoung 한국기초간호학회 2022 Journal of korean biological nursing science Vol.24 No.4

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the relationships between the characteristics of nurses’ work schedules, health outcomes, and work–life balance. Methods: This was a secondary data analysis that included 422 nurses in Korean hospitals. Descriptive analysis, independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression analysis were used to identify the associated factors. Results: Multiple linear regression analysis showed that work–life balance was lower when atypical work was performed (β=-.14, p=.010). Nurses who did not work overtime showed a higher level of work–life balance than those who worked overtime infrequently (β=-.11, p=.002) or frequently (β=-.28, p<.001). The work–life balance level increased when nurses had better subjective health status (β=.16, p<.001) or higher sleep quality (β=.29, p<.001). It was verified that the work–life balance level was higher for single-person households than for households with two (β=-.18, p=.003), three to four (β=-.16, p=.022), or five or more (β=-.21, p<.001) persons. Conclusion: This study suggests that government and hospital organizations should provide high-quality care and consideration to nurses who do atypical or overtime work as well as their subjective health status and sleep quality. Further research should focus on the development of a policy that improves the work–life balance of nurses, especially for those who work during atypical hours.

Evaluation of Biological Performance in a Newly Developed Single-use Bioreactor System, CELBIC System, for Large Scale Culture of Recombinant CHO Cell

Hyunwoo KIM,Junghyun CHO,Duk Jae OH 한국생물공학회 2021 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.4

The usage of single-use bioreactors for cell culture has been increasing continuously, as the bio-industry of biopharmaceuticals (proteins, antibodies, cell therapies and gene therapies products) has expanded dramatically during recent decades. The SUBs (single-use bioreactors) have several advantages compared with the conventional stainless steel based bioreactors, such as flexibility in scale, low risk of contamination, reduced labors for cleaning/sterilization, and validation/regulation issues. In this study, a newly developed cell culture system, CELBIC system, driven by multi-directional rocking movement is introduced and evaluated its physical and biological performances as a cell culture device. The recombinant cell line derived from CHO-S cell was cultured for producing IFN-beta(interferon beta) of 50 liters working volume in batch culture. The CELBIC system was controlled for making orbitally shaken motion with 10 ° tilt angle and 20 rpm. ELISA and western blot were used for analysis of IFN-beta concentration. From these experiments, the maximum viable cell density was 8.81 x 10⁶ cells/mL in the CELBIC system and this result was the highest value among all groups of experiment. The maximum viable cell density and the IVCD(Integral of Viable Cell Density) were increased up to 1.42 folds and 1.47 folds respectively compared to a control group. In summary, since the CELBIC system driven by orbital movement provides sufficient and excellent conditions for cell cultures, it can be an attractive candidate for suspension cell culture device to produce biopharmaceutics, in particular, antibodies or therapeutic proteins from recombinant CHO cells.

사면구조 격자를 이용한 이동경계 기법 개발

김종호,이승오,조용식,Kim. Jong-Ho,Lee. Seung-Oh,Cho. Yong-Sik 한국방재학회 2008 한국방재학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2008 No.1

All measures to cope with flooding rely on flood predictions to some extent, and the effectiveness of these measures is dependent on the quality of flood predictions. It is important to track properly the movements of the river-bankline in numerical modeling because the location of it varies continuously in the flood inundation. In this study, the wet and dry treatment is used to describe the moving river-bankline accurately (Cho, 1996). An oscillatory flow motion in a parabolic basin is used to validate the performance of the developed model based on quadtree grids. As a result of a simulation, a reasonable agreement is observed with analytical and Cho`s results.

건축용 형용사 연구 : '밝다, 환하다, 훤하다'를 중심으로

조오현 건국대학교 인문과학연구소 1999 인문과학논총 Vol.33 No.-

We have searched for the meaning of '밝다, 환하다, 훤하다' and the condition by which we can distinguish these meanings. We've found these materials from KCP and studied the words, '밝게, 환하게, 훤하게' with connecting ending, instead of that of basic form, as a matter of convenience. Consequently we could find out these following regularity. 1. In the case of '밝게', the phrase, [-이 -을 밝게 -다], which contains the object is used more than the phrase, [-이 밝게 -다]. But in the case of '환하게', the phrase, [-이 환하게 -다], is more than the phrase, [-이 -을 환하게 -다]. As regards '훤하게', the phrase, [-이 -을 훤하게 -다], is scarcely used, and [-이 훤하게 -다] is used most. 2. The meaning of term '밝다' is distinguished from feature of its subject and object. But the meaning of '밝다' and '훤하다' is mostly distinguished from the feature of its predicate, hardly distinguished from the feature of its subject and object. 3. The difference between '밝다' and '환하다·훤하다' is that the term '밝다' is intended to express statical, objective [brightness], while the term '환하다·훤하다' is intended to express dynamic, subjective [brightness]. 4. The antonym of '밝다' is '어둡다' and that of '환하다' is '깜깜하다' 5. The difference between '환하다' and '훤하다' is that of the brightness ; The brightness turns '환한' after '훤한' as the darkness turns '깜깜하다' after '껌껌하다'.

한국산 총채벌레의 분포, 기주 및 분류학적연구

趙廣善,權五均,禹建錫 서울대학교농과대학농업개발연구소 1991 서울대농학연구지 Vol.16 No.2

본 연구는 우리나라 총채벌레의 분포 특성과 기주식물을 조사하기 위하여 1987년 6월부터 1990년 7월까지 공시작물을 대상으로 전국적으로 실시하였다. 본조사에서 얻어진 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 벼에서 조사된 총채벌레는 벼총채벌레 : Stenchaetothrips biformis, 엉겅퀴총채벌레 : Thrips setosus, 중국관총채벌레 : Haplothrips chinensis, 벼관총채벌레 : H. aculeatus 대만총채벌레 : Franklinilla intonsa등 5종이었다. 2. 조미채소류에서는 고추, 마늘, 양파, 파, 참께 등에서 대만총채벌레 : Fr. intonsa등 9종이 조사되었으며, 하와이총채벌레 : Thrips hawaiiensis와 좀머리총채벌레 : Microcephalothrips abdominalis등 2종을 추가하였다. 3. 과채류에서는 파총채벌레 : Thrips tabaci등 7종이 조사되었다. 이들중 중국관총채벌레 : Hap. chinensis, 대만총채벌레 : Fr. intonsa는 조미채소류에서와 같이 기주범위가 넓었다. 4. 파총채벌레 : Thrips tabaci의 기주식물은 Allium속 등 24종으로 밝혀졌다. 5. 우리나라의 총채벌레분포상은 기지종과 미기록종 Thrips simplex등 8종을 추가하여 63종이며 전체의 약 77%가 총채벌레과에 속했다. This study was carried out investigate the fauna of thrips and their relationship to host plants throughout the country from June, 1987 to July 1990. The results of this study were as follows. 1. Stenchaetothrips biformis, Thrips setosus, Haplothrips chinensis, Haplothrips aculeatus, Frankliniella intonsa were found in the rice. 2. Eleven species including Frankiniella intonsa, Thrips hawaiiensis and Microcephalorthrips abdominalis were found in the seasoning fruit vegetables such as red pepper, garlic. onion, welsh onion and sesame. 3. Seven species including Thrips tabaci were found in the fruit vegetables, especially among them, the host range of Haplothrips chinensis and Frankiniella intonsa was very wide. 4. Thrips tabaci was found in 24 species of plants including Allium. 5. Eight species including Thrips simplex were recorded in this study, so the total number of recorded thrips was 63. 6. The fact was known from this study that Family Thripidae included 77% of total recorded thrips in Korea.

신라 금관(金冠)에 관한 고찰

조오순,유주리 창원대학교 생활과학연구소 2000 생활과학연구 Vol.4 No.-

This study is to investigate the researches about the gold crown and widen the visual field on the viewpoint of the costume field. The origin of gold crown is closely connected with the root of we nation and can be found out from Altaic culture in the Central Asia. The reasons are as follows. First, the races of Altaic culture have worshiped the gold. Second, the shape of crown consisted of the cap is very similar. Third, it has the divine aid idea and divine tree idea. The persons who used the crown are considered as the Royal Family, their brothers and sisters. Also there was possibility that it might be funeral supplies than using in the necessaries of life.