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Anti-Tumor Effect of IDF-11774, an Inhibitor of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1, on Melanoma
Kim Nan-Hyung,Jeong Jong Heon,Park Yu Jeong,Shin Hui Young,Choi Woo Kyoung,Lee Kyeong,이애영 한국응용약물학회 2022 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.30 No.5
Melanoma is one of the most aggressive skin cancers. Hypoxia contributes to the aggressiveness of melanoma by promoting cancer growth and metastasis. Upregulation of cyclin D1 can promote uncontrolled cell proliferation in melanoma, whereas stimulation of cytotoxic T cell activity can inhibit it. Epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a critical role in melanoma metastasis. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is a main transcriptional mediator that regulates many genes related to hypoxia. CoCl2 is one of the most commonly used hypoxia-mimetic chemicals in cell culture. In this study, inhibitory effects of IDF-11774, an inhibitor of HIF-1α, on melanoma growth and metastasis were examined using cultured B16F10 mouse melanoma cells and nude mice transplanted with B16F10 melanoma cells in the presence or absence of CoCl2-induced hypoxia. IDF-11774 reduced HIF-1α upregulation and cell survival, but increased cytotoxicity of cultured melanoma cells under CoCl2-induced hypoxia. IDF-11774 also reduced tumor size and local invasion of B16F10 melanoma in nude mice along with HIF-1α downregulation. Expression levels of cyclin D1 in melanoma were increased by CoCl2 but decreased by IDF-11774. Apoptosis of melanoma cells and infiltration of cytotoxic T cells were increased in melanoma after treatment with IDF-11774. EMT was stimulated by CoCl2, but restored by IDF- 11774. Overall, IDF-11774 inhibited the growth and metastasis of B16F10 melanoma via HIF-1α downregulation. The growth of B16F10 melanoma was inhibited by cyclin D1 downregulation and cytotoxic T cell stimulation. Metastasis of B16F10 melanoma was inhibited by EMT suppression.
STUDY ON CHINESE TOURISTS' MOTIVATION AND SATISFACTION TO VISIT SOUTH KOREA
Guang-Hui Qiao,Nan Chen,Yuan-Yuan Guan,Seok-Chool Kim 한국관광학회 2008 International Journal of Tourism Sciences Vol.8 No.1
The purposes of this study are to identify the Chinese tourists' profiles, motivation factors, satisfaction levels and to assess the important detenninants and the likelihood of Chinese tourists revisiting Korea. A structured personal interview was conducted and a systematic sampling approach was used to select 240 respondents who were traveling by air. This study identified the major tourism motivations of Chinese tourists; the relationship between tourists' demographic characteristics and motivation factors; the relationship between demographic characteristics and satisfaction levels; motivation has a positive effect on satisfaction; satisfaction has a positive effect on revisit and motivation has a positive effect on revisit. In the end the limitations of this study are discussed and recommendations for future study are made.
Lee, Mi-Nan,Kim, Soo-Kyoung,Li, Xi-Hui,Lee, Joon-Hee Institute of Applied Microbiology, University of T 2014 The Journal of general and applied microbiology Vol.60 No.5
<P>Brine shrimp are aquatic crustaceans belonging to a genus of Artemia. This organism is widely used for testing the toxicity of chemicals. In this study, brine shrimp were evaluated as an infection model organism to study bacterial virulence. Artemia nauplii were infected with various pathogenic bacteria, such as Vibrio vulnificus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Burkholderia vietnamiensis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli, and the susceptibility to these bacteria was investigated by counting the survival of the infected nauplii. While all of the tested bacteria have significant virulence to brine shrimp, killing the nauplii in a few days, V. vulnificus showed the strongest virulence. P. aeruginosa also showed a dose-dependent virulence to brine shrimp, but the virulence was weaker than that of V. vulnificus. The virulence tests using the virulence-attenuated mutants of V. vulnificus and P. aeruginosa, such as quorum sensing (QS) mutants or protease-deficient mutants showed a significant attenuation of virulence, demonstrating that the QS mechanism is important in the virulence of these bacteria to brine shrimp. B. vietnamiensis, S. aureus, and E. coli were also virulent to brine shrimp and the virulence was correlated with dosage within 24 h under our conditions. Salmonella enterica Typhimurium and Bacillus subtilis were also virulent to brine shrimp, but the virulence was weak and slowly exerted compared with that of other bacteria. Taken together, we suggest that brine shrimp are a good infection model to assay bacterial virulence, especially for V. vulnificus and P. aeruginosa, and QS is important in the bacterial virulence to brine shrimp.</P>
Xu, Yong-Nan,Shen, Xing-Hui,Lee, Seung-Eun,Kwon, Jung-Suk,Kim, Deuk-Joong,Heo, Young-Tae,Cui, Xiang-Shun,Kim, Nam-Hyung Japanese Society of Animal Reproduction 2012 The Journal of reproduction and development Vol.58 No.5
<P>Autophagy, an essential process for cellular maintenance, cell viability, and development, is the bulk degradation of proteins and organelles. This study investigated the expression levels of autophagy-related genes and the effect of 3-methyladenine (3-MA, an autophagy inhibitor) or rapamycin (an autophagy inducer) on maternal gene degradation and apoptosis in porcine parthenotes developing in vitro. LC3, which is essential for the formation of autophagosomes, was widely expressed in porcine parthenotes. High levels of autophagy-related genes, Atg5, Beclin1 and Lc3 transcripts were expressed in the 1-cell (1C) stage and gradually decreased through the 2-cell (2C) to blastocyst stages. The mRNA expression of Gdf9, c-mos and cyclin B maintained high levels in 2C and 4-cell (4C) embryos treated with 3-MA compared with the control. The Bmp15 and cyclin B mRNA levels were significantly reduced in embryos treated with rapamycin compared with the control. These results suggest that autophagy influences the degradation of these maternal genes. Furthermore, 3-MA-treated embryos exhibited significantly reduced developmental rates, decreased total cell numbers and increased rates of apoptosis. Expression of Atg5, Beclin1 and Lc3 and synthesis of LC3 protein were significantly reduced at the blastocyst stage. Although rapamycin treatment did not affect the developmental rate, it decreased the cell number and increased the rate of apoptosis, and the expression of Atg5, Beclin1 and Lc3 and LC3 protein synthesis were increased. Finally, blastocysts derived following treatment with 3-MA or rapamycin exhibited significantly decreased expression of selected transcription factors, including Pou5f1, Sox2 and Nanog. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that autophagy influences maternal mRNA degradation and apoptosis at the blastocyst stage and suggest that autophagy plays an important role in early embryo development in the pig.</P>
천막상부 종괴의 방사선 치료후 단기간에 발생한 시상하부성 뇌하수체 기능저하증
강덕희 ( Kang Deog Hui ),이선영 ( Lee Seon Yeong ),김지선 ( Kim Ji Seon ),강성인 ( Kang Seong In ),성연아 ( Seong Yeon A ),최경규 ( Choe Gyeong Gyu ),경난호 ( Gyeong Nan Ho ) 대한내과학회 1992 대한내과학회지 Vol.42 No.4
Postirradiation hypopituitarism is relatively common condition, and can be occurred via several mechanisms, including hypothalamic dysfunction, pituitary or hypophyseal portal system damage. Most of postirradiation hypopituitarism develop 7~48 months after radiation therapy, and usually is not associated with diabetes insipidus. We experienced a case of hypothalamic hypopituitarism combined with neurogenic diabetedes insipidus developed shortly-2 month-after cranial radiation in 26-year-old woman who has been diagnosed as supratentorial mass and receiced radiotherapy. We analyse hormone status at each condition, and managed with cortisone, levothyroxine and bromocriptine. We report a case of hypothalamic hypopituitarism with a brief review of literature.