Staurosporine Induced Apoptosis Rapidly Downregulates TDP-43 in Glioma Cells

Nan, Yi-Nan,Zhu, Jing-Yan,Tan, Yan,Zhang, Qi,Jia, William,Hua, Qian Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.8

TDP-43 is a ubiquitously expressed DNA/RNA binding protein that has recently attracted attention for its involvement in neurodegenerative diseases. While TDP-43 has been found to participate in various important cellular activities including stress and apoptosis, little is known about its role in cancer cells. Here we report that staurosporine (STS) induced apoptosis in U87 glioma cells is associated with rapid downregulation of TDP-43 at both mRNA and protein levels. The latter is dependent on activation of caspase 3. More importantly, we have shown that knockdown of TDP-43 by specific siRNA dramatically enhanced cytotoxicity of STS. These results suggest that normal level of TDP-43 may be protective for cancer cells under apoptotic insult.

인성 함양 및 창의적 사고력 신장을 위한 한국 문학 교육 연구 -중국인 학습자를 대상으로-

南燕 ( Yan Nan ) 한국문학교육학회 2011 문학교육학 Vol.35 No.-

A Study on Korean Literature Education for Humanity Cultivation and Creative Thinking Extension -Based on Chinese Learners- Nan, Yan The ultimate aim of existing korean language education in China is to improve communication ability of korean language and korean culture ability, and to cultivate korean professionals also. But in the light of essence of education and the desired role model of the society, we can find some problems of the ultimate aim. The most salient question is focusing too much on cultivating functional talent who can just speak korean language very smoothly and have a good knowledge of korean culture in existing korean language education. On the basis of it, the researcher emphasized the necessity of changing the ultimate aim of existing korean language education, and set up a primarily aim and a secondary aim which is also the ultimate aim. The primarily aim is to improve communication ability of korean language and korean culture ability, and to cultivate korean professionals also. The secondary aim is humanity cultivation and creative thinking extension. Continually the researcher made a study on the new direction of korean literature education which is following the new aim. The fact that literature education is the best way to achieve the aim was revealed firstly, and how to do the literature education in the real teaching was clarified secondly by studying the curriculum, the aim, the standard of selecting literary work and the method of teaching literature.

The Multi-target Localization Algorithm via Compressed Sensing

Nan Xue,Yan Hu 보안공학연구지원센터 2014 International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Vol.9 No.11

A multi-target localization algorithm based on compressed sensing was proposed in this paper. The issue of multi-target localization was transformed into compressed sensing. The algorithm greatly reduced the amount of wireless network’s communication data by transferring most of the computing work to the central server. This method made full uses of the priori information of the signal and the support set. It combined Kalman filter with Bayesian compressed sensing to improve the localization accuracy and noise immunity. Simulation results showed that the proposed method has good noise immunity, robustness and localization accuracy compared with traditional localization methods.

Interpretation and Application of the “Necessity” Test under the GATT/WTO Agreement

Yan-Nan Sun,Jung-Mi Yang,Yang-Kee Lee 한국무역통상학회 2015 무역통상학회지 Vol.15 No.4

본 연구는 “필요성” 심사의 적용에 있어 WTO 상소기구가 채용한 두 가지의 접근방법을 가장 무역제한적인 접근법과 비교형량접근법을 포함하여 검토하고 있다. “필요성” 심사의 요건에 대한 문제점은 첫째, GATT 패널이 “필요성”이라는 용어의 해석을 좁게 해석함으로써, 채택된 조치가 GATT 20조하에서 정당화되지 못하였다. 둘째, WTO 상소기구는 보호의 수준을 선택하는 자유가 비교형량접근법과 일치하지 않았기 때문에, 비교형량접근법의 적용에 실패하였다. 셋째, WTO 상소기구가 회원국의 정당한 자율권에 적절히 개입하는 것이 어렵기 때문에, “필요성” 심사의 적용은 국내규제자율권에 부정적인 효과를 일으킬 가능성이 있다는 것이다. 하지만, WTO 패널과 상소기구는 필요성 요건에 관한 법적 추론에 대해 “관련 요소에 관한 형량 과정”의 접근 방식으로 무역제한 조치의 “필요성”을 판단하였다. 이는 예외와 관련된 필요성 심사로 충돌 가능한 요소들 간의 형량을 통한 사법기관의 재량이 합리적으로 조정되기 때문에, 필요성 요건을 통과하는 것은 쉬워지고 회원국의 정당한 “자율권”은 확보되고 있다. 그러나 “필요성”의 해석과 관련된 상소기구의 시도나 접근 방식은 모두 일정한 한계를 지니고 있는 바, 향후 회원국의 정당한 규제권한을 존중하면서 판정의 일관성을 유지하는 것이 중요한 과제가 될 것이다. This paper examines the two approaches employed by the WTO adjudicating bodies in the application of the “necessity” test, including the least trade restrictive approach and the weighing and balancing approach. It discusses the problems resulting from the application of “necessity”. Firstly, the GATT Panel interpreted the term “necessary” narrowly, thereby, no challenged measures were justified under the GATT Art. XX. Secondly, the WTO adjudicating bodies failed to apply a weighing and balancing approach test because the freedom to choose their own level of protection was inconsistent with the weighing and balancing test. Thirdly, due to the difficulty on considering the proper interference into the national regulatory autonomy from the WTO adjudicating body, the application of the “necessity” test would likely cause a negative impact on domestic regulatory autonomy. This paper gives some suggestions to the WTO adjudicating bodies for a clear and definite interpretation on the “necessity” test. Considering the criticisms resulting from the application of the “necessity” test, it is very important to clarify the uncertainty of the “necessity” test and provide predictability for future cases.

Transcriptional activation of pref-1 by E2F1 in 3T3 L1 cells

( Yan Nan Shen ),( Yoon Mo Kim ),( Cheol Heui Yun ),( Yang Soo Moon ),( Sang Hoon Kim ) 생화학분자생물학회 2009 BMB Reports Vol.42 No.10

Roles of Immunohistochemical Staining in Diagnosing Pulmonary Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Yan, Yue,Zhang, Ya-Xiong,Fang, Wen-Feng,Kang, Shi-Yang,Zhan, Jian-Hua,Chen, Nan,Hong, Shao-Dong,Liang, Wen-Hua,Tang, Yan-Na,He, Da-Cheng,Wu, Xuan,Zhang, Li Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.2

Background: Differentiating morphologic features based on hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining is the most common method to classify pathological subtypes of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, its accuracy and inter-observer reproducibility in pathological diagnosis of poorly differentiated NSCLC remained to be improved. Materials and Methods: We attempted to explore the role of immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining in diagnosing pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma (SQCC) with poorly differentiated features by HE staining or with elevated serum adenocarcinoma-specific tumor markers (AD-TMs). We also compared the difference of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation rate between patients with confirmed SQCC and those with revised pathological subtype. Logistic regression analyses were used to test the association between different factors and diagnostic accuracy. Results: A total of 132 patients who met the eligible criteria and had adequate specimens for IHC confirmation were included. Pathological revised cases in poor differentiated subgroup, biopsy samples and high-level AD-TMs cases were more than those with high/moderate differentiation, surgical specimens and normal-level AD-TMs. Moreover, biopsy sample was a significant factor decreasing diagnostic accuracy of pathological subtype (OR, 4.037; 95% CI 1.446-11.267, p=0.008). Additionally, EGFR mutation rate was higher in patients with pathological diagnostic changes than those with confirmed SQCC (16.7% vs 4.4%, p=0.157). Conclusions: Diagnosis based on HE staining only might cause pathological misinterpretation in NSCLC patients with poor differentiation or high-level AD-TMs, especially those with biopsy samples. HE staining and IHC should be combined as pathological diagnostic standard. The occurrence of EGFR mutations in pulmonary SQCC might be overestimated.

Jurisdiction Overlaps between the Dispute Settlement under the WTO and the RTAs

Yan-nan Sun,Yang-kee Lee,Jung-min Kwon 한국무역통상학회 2014 무역통상학회지 Vol.14 No.4

With a massive movement towards RTAs since the early 1990s, scholars have paid much attention on the issue of overlapping of jurisdiction between the dispute settlements of the WTO and of the RTAs. From the case study, we can find that the overlapping of jurisdiction is likely not only to impose substantive legal costs on the defendant party but also to lead to conflict decisions, thereby undermining the security and predictability of the multilateral trading system. With the fear of incoherent jurisprudence and the threat to multilateral trading system, this article tries to find an appropriate solution to deal with the overlapping of jurisdiction. In order to find an appropriate solution for the overlapping of jurisdiction, this article examined the application of some general principles such as Res Judicata or Lis Alibi Pendens, Comity or estoppel and Forum Conveniens and Forum non Conveniens. However, as a result of the strict conditions for their application, these principles seem to be difficult to be applied to deal with the overlapping of jurisdiction. A number of treaties provides for the choice of a form clause and the exclusive clause while setting up RTAs. The potential method for WTO DSB to deal with the jurisdictional overlapping is to decline to excise jurisdiction by using the jurisdiction exclusive clause contained in the RTAs.

Two New Phenolic Compounds from <i>Artemisia iwayomogi</i>

Yan, Xi‐,Tao,Ding, Yan,Li, Wei,Sun, Ya‐,Nan,Yang, Seo‐,Young,Koh, Young‐,Sang,Kim, Young‐,Ho WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2014 Helvetica chimica acta Vol.97 No.2

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Two new phenolic compounds, (<I>Z</I>)‐5′‐hydroxyjasmone 5′‐<I>O</I>‐{6″‐<I>O</I>‐[(<I>E</I>)‐caffeoyl]‐<I>β</I>‐<SMALL>D</SMALL>‐glucopyranoside} (<B>1</B>) and quercetin‐7‐<I>O</I>‐<I>β</I>‐<SMALL>D</SMALL>‐glucuronide methyl ester (<B>2</B>), along with ten known phenolic compounds, <B>3</B>–<B>12</B>, were isolated from the aerial parts of <I>Artemisia iwayomogi.</I> Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR, and HR‐ESI‐TOF‐MS techniques. The inhibitory effects of compounds <B>1</B>–<B>12</B> on the LPS‐stimulated production of IL‐12 p40, IL‐6, and TNF‐<I>α</I> in bone marrow‐derived dendritic cells were evaluated.</P>

Combination of Tumor Volume and Epstein-Barr Virus DNA Improved Prognostic Stratification of Stage II Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in the Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy Era: A Large-Scale Cohort Study

Qiu-Yan Chen,Shao-Yan Guo,Lin-Quan Tang,Tong-Yu Lu,Bo-Lin Chen,Qi-Yu Zhong,Meng-Sha Zou,Qing-Nan Tang,Wen-Hui Chen,Shan-Shan Guo,Li-Ting Liu,Yang Li,Ling Guo,Hao-Yuan Mo,Rui Sun,Dong-Hua Luo,Chong Zha 대한암학회 2018 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.50 No.3

Purpose Little is known about combination of the circulating Epstein-Barr viral (EBV) DNA and tumor volume in prognosis of stage II nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients in the intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) era. We conducted this cohort study to evaluate the prognostic values of combining these two factors. Materials and Methods By Kaplan-Meier, we compare the differences of survival curves between 385 patients with different EBV DNA or tumor volume levels, or with the combination of two biomarkers mentioned above. Results Gross tumor volume of cervical lymph nodes (GTVnd, p < 0.001) and total tumor volume (GTVtotal, p < 0.001) were both closely related to pretreatment EBV DNA, while gross tumor volume of nasopharynx (GTVnx, p=0.047) was weakly related to EBV DNA. EBV DNA was significantly correlated with progress-free survival (PFS, p=0.005), locoregional-free survival (LRFS, p=0.039), and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS, p=0.017), while GTVtotal, regardless of GTVnx and GTVnd, had a significant correlation with PFS and LRFS. The p-values of GTVtotal for PFS and LRFS were 0.008 and 0.001, respectively. According to GTVtotal and pretreatment EBV DNA level, patients were divided into a low-risk group (EBV DNA 0 copy/mL, GTVtotal < 30 cm3; EBV DNA 0 copy/mL, GTVtotal  30 cm3; or EBV DNA > 0 copy/mL, GTVtotal < 30 cm3) and a high-risk group (EBV DNA > 0 copy/mL, GTVtotal  30 cm3). When patients in the low-risk group were compared with those in the high-risk group, 3-year PFS (p=0.003), LRFS (p=0.010), and DMFS (p=0.031) rates were statistically significant. Conclusion Pretreatment plasma EBV DNA and tumor volume were both closely correlated with prognosis of stage II NPC patients in the IMRT era. Combination of EBV DNA and tumor volume can refine prognosis and indicate for clinical therapy.

MicroRNA-196b enhances the radiosensitivity of SNU-638 gastric cancer cells by targeting RAD23B

Shen, Yan Nan,Bae, In-Seon,Park, Gil Hong,Choi, Hwa Sik,Lee, Kee-Ho,Kim, Sang Hoon Elsevier 2018 BIOMEDICINE AND PHARMACOTHERAPY Vol.105 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Gastric cancer is characterized by resistance to ionizing radiation. The development of resistance to radiotherapy in gastric cancer patients is one of the obstacles to effective radiotherapy. MicroRNAs are small well-conserved non-coding RNA species that regulate post-transcriptional activation. Our study aimed to investigate the role of miR-196b in radiation-induced gastric cancer. In the present study, we found that miR-196b expression was significantly reduced following radiation. The ectopic miR-196b expression sensitized SNU-638 gastric cancer cells and increased γ-H2AX foci upon radiation treatment. Bioinformatics analysis suggested that the DNA repair protein RAD23B was a putative target gene of miR-196b. Overexpression of miR-196b suppressed RAD23B expression in SNU-638 cells. Reporter assays further showed that miR-196b inhibited RAD23B 3′-UTR luciferase activity. Knockdown of RAD23B by small interfering RNA transfection closely mimicked the outcomes of miR-196b transfection, leading to impaired DNA damage repair in gastric cancer cells. Our results show that miR-196b improved radiosensitivity of SNU-638 cells by targeting RAD23B. Our data indicate that miR-196b is a potential target to enhance the effect of radiation treatment on gastric cancer cells. These findings will provide evidence for a new therapeutic target in radiotherapy.</P>