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Choo Oak-Sung,Kim Hantai,Lee Seung Jae,Kim So Young,Lee Kyu-Yup,Lee Ho Yun,Moon In Seok,Seo Jae-Hyun,Rah Yoon Chan,Song Jae-Jun,Nam Eui-Cheol,Park Shi Nae,Song Jae-Jin,Shim Hyun Joon 대한의학회 2024 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.39 No.5
Background: Tinnitus is a bothersome condition associated with various symptoms. However, the mechanisms of tinnitus are still uncertain, and a standardized assessment of the diagnostic criteria for tinnitus is required. We aimed to reach a consensus on diagnosing tinnitus with professional experts by conducting a Delphi study with systematic review of the literature. Methods: Twenty-six experts in managing tinnitus in Korea were recruited, and a two-round modified Delphi study was performed online. The experts evaluated the level of agreement of potential criteria for tinnitus using a scale of 1–9. After the survey, a consensus meeting was held to establish agreement on the results obtained from the Delphi process. Consensus was defined when over 70% of the participants scored 7–9 (agreement) and fewer than 15% scored 1–3 (disagreement). To analyze the responses of the Delphi survey, the content validity ratio and Kendall’s coefficient of concordance were evaluated. Results: Consensus was reached for 22 of the 38 statements. For the definition of tinnitus, 10 out of 17 statements reached consensus, with three statements achieving complete agreement including; 1) Tinnitus is a conscious perception of an auditory sensation in the absence of a corresponding external stimulus, 2) Tinnitus can affect one’s quality of life, and 3) Tinnitus can be associated with hearing disorders including sensorineural hearing loss, vestibular schwannoma, Meniere’s disease, otosclerosis, and others. For the classification of tinnitus, 11 out of 18 statements reached consensus. The participants highly agreed with statements such as; 1) Vascular origin is expected in pulse-synchronous tinnitus, and 2) Tinnitus can be divided into acute or chronic tinnitus. Among three statements on the diagnostic tests for tinnitus only Statement 3, “There are no reliable biomarkers for sensory or emotional factors of tinnitus.” reached consensus. All participants agreed to perform pure-tone audiometry and tinnitus questionnaires, including the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory and Tinnitus Questionnaire. Conclusion: We used a modified Delphi method to establish a consensus-based definition, a classification, and diagnostic tests for tinnitus. The expert panel reached agreement for several statements, with a high level of consensus. This may provide practical information for clinicians in managing tinnitus.
Downregulation of discoidin domain receptor 2 decreases tumor growth of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Park, Joong-Won,Lee, Yeon-Su,Kim, Jin Sook,Lee, Sook-Kyung,Kim, Bo Hyun,Lee, Jung Ahn,Lee, Nam Oak,Kim, Seong Hoon,Hong, Eun Kyung Springer-Verlag 2015 JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH AND CLINICAL ONCOLOGY Vol.141 No.11
<P>Discoidin domain receptors (DDRs) have been identified as tyrosine kinase receptors for collagen, and the overexpression of DDR1 was correlated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression in vitro. Little is known about DDR2 on HCC cells, and we investigated the expression and function of DDR2 in human HCC cells.</P>
Identification of MADS Cenes from a Brown Alga, Sargassum fulvellum
Nam, Jongmin,Lee, Yoo Kyung,Oak, Jung Hyun,An, Gynheung,Lee, In Kyu 한국식물학회 1999 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.42 No.1
The conserved region of numerous MADS genes in gulfweed (Sargassum fulvellum) was cloned by PCR with degenerate primers. Analysis of seventy individual clones resulted in the identification of nineteen types of nucleotide sequences. There sequences encode portions of the MADS domain in four distinctive groups. Six clones belong to the AGAMOUS subfamily, ten to AGL2, and two to AGL12. The remaining one clone is distinctive and appears to be diverged from an ancestor of the AGL2 and AP1 groups. There were no A or B class MADS genes. These results suggest that, as found in land plants, MADS genes also play major roles in controlling the development of algae.
Chronic Alcohol Consumption Results in Greater Damage to the Pancreas Than to the Liver in the Rats
Lee, Seong-Su,Hong, Oak-Kee,Ju, Anes,Kim, Myung-Jun,Kim, Bong-Jo,Kim, Sung-Rae,Kim, Won-Ho,Cho, Nam-Han,Kang, Moo-Il,Kang, Sung-Koo,Kim, Dai-Jin,Yoo, Soon-Jib The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2015 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.19 No.4
Alcohol consumption increases the risk of type 2 diabetes. However, its effects on prediabetes or early diabetes have not been studied. We investigated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the pancreas and liver resulting from chronic alcohol consumption in the prediabetes and early stages of diabetes. We separated Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats, a type-2 diabetic animal model, into two groups based on diabetic stage: prediabetes and early diabetes were defined as occurrence between the ages of 11 to 16 weeks and 17 to 22 weeks, respectively. The experimental group received an ethanol-containing liquid diet for 6 weeks. An intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test was conducted after 16 and 22 weeks for the prediabetic and early diabetes groups, respectively. There were no significant differences in body weight between the control and ethanol groups. Fasting and 120-min glucose levels were lower and higher, respectively, in the ethanol group than in the control group. In prediabetes rats, alcohol induced significant expression of ER stress markers in the pancreas; however, alcohol did not affect the liver. In early diabetes rats, alcohol significantly increased most ER stress-marker levels in both the pancreas and liver. These results indicate that chronic alcohol consumption increased the risk of diabetes in prediabetic and early diabetic OLETF rats; the pancreas was more susceptible to damage than was the liver in the early diabetic stages, and the adaptive and proapoptotic pathway of ER stress may play key roles in the development and progression of diabetes affected by chronic alcohol ingestion.
논문 : 지하수 모니터링 이상변동 자료를 이용한 소규모 지진 영향 유추
우남칠 ( Nam C Woo ),( Jize Piao ),이재민 ( Jae Min Lee ),이찬진 ( Chan Jin Lee ),강인옥 ( In Oak Kang ),최두형 ( Doo Houng Choi ) 대한지질공학회 2015 지질공학 Vol.25 No.1
이 연구는 국내에서 운용되고 있는 지하수 장기관측망의 자동 관측자료를 이용하여, 발생빈도가 상대적으로 높은 M3.0내외의 소규모 지진에 의한 영향과 지진 전조현상에 의한 지하수의 변화 관측 및 구분가능성을 평가하고자 수행되었다. 사용된 지하수 관측자료는 2012년 4월~6월 기간의 1시간 단위로 김천지좌, 강진성전, 공주정안 3개 관측소의 암반관측공에서 관측된 자료이다, 지하수위, 수온 및 EC 값의 시계열 자료에서 부분적으로 급격한 이상변동이 관측되었으며, 이변동은 2012년 5월 30일 경북 영덕에서 발생한 M3.1 지진의 전조와 그 영향으로 해석된다. 그럼에도 불구하고 지진의규모 및 발생위치와 관측공까지의 거리와 지하수 변동의 크기는 선형관계를 보이지 않으며, 이는 관측공 자체의 구조적 특성과도 연관된다. 따라서 지진관측을 고유목적으로 하는 관측공의 설치, 운용이 필요하며, 이를 통한 장기적 모니터링은 지진 재난지역에서의 비상수자원 확보와 지하공간 안전성 확보의 기반정보를 제공할 수 있을 것이다. This study tests the potential of detecting small-magnitude earthquakes (~M3.0) and their precursors using a long-term groundwater-monitoring database. In groundwater records from April to June 2012, abnormal changes in water level, temperature, and electrical conductivity were identified in the bedrock monitoring wells of the Gimcheon- Jijwa, Gangjin-Seongjeon, and Gongju-Jeongan stations. These anomalies could be attributed to the M3.1 earthquake that occurred in the Youngdeok area on May 30th, although no linear relationship was found between the scale of changes and the distance between each monitoring station and the epicenter, which is attributed in part to the wide screen design of the monitoring wells. Groundwater monitoring networks designed specifically for monitoring earthquake impacts could provide better information on the safety of underground space and on the security of emergency water-resources in earthquake disaster areas.
이상옥(Sang-Oak Lee),성남길(Nam-gil Sung) 한국관세학회 2011 관세학회지 Vol.12 No.2
Our Country, depending on the global FTA trend developed later than the spread FTA, but the negotiations started. Currently in Chile, Singapore, EFTA, ASEAN, India, and during fermentation, and U.S., EU, from Peru, is expected to force the negotiations are concluded. Large industrialized countries, especially the U.S. market, EU before the entry into force of the automobile, textile, machinery exporters in the fields is preparing to receive the preferential tariff. However, in case of textile yarn from China and almost all rely, textile exports from most of the FTA in this situation needs to meet the origin criteria are expected to be difficult. In case other FTA currently in effect' Rules of Origin in Textile Sector, there are many CC or CTH in Silk, Cotton, other vegetable textile fiber materials 'ROO, there are many CTH, except from the heading 0000 in Yarn and Fabrics sector. In Apparel and Clothing, ROO must be met for Change of Tariff and Processing ROO of most of these criteria when you view the status of textile industry in the country likely to be difficult to meet. Therefore, import duties on textile sector benefits are trying to open the issue about whether.