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Verónica García-Villamar,Laura G. Hernández-Aragón,Jesús R. Chávez-Ríos,Arturo Ortega,Margarita Martínez-Gómez,Francisco Castelán 대한배뇨장애요실금학회 2018 International Neurourology Journal Vol.22 No.S2
Purpose: To evaluate the expression of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and its receptor, GDNF family receptor alpha subunit 1 (GFRα-1) in the pelvic (middle third) vagina and, particularly, in the paravaginal ganglia of nulliparous and primiparous rabbits. Methods: Chinchilla-breed female rabbits were used. Primiparas were killed on postpartum day 3 and nulliparas upon reaching a similar age. The vaginal tracts were processed for histological analyses or frozen for Western blot assays. We measured the ganglionic area, the Abercrombie-corrected number of paravaginal neurons, the cross-sectional area of the neuronal somata, and the number of satellite glial cells (SGCs) per neuron. The relative expression of both GDNF and GFRα-1 were assessed by Western blotting, and the immunostaining was semiquantitated. Unpaired two-tailed Student t -test or Wilcoxon test was used to identify statistically significant differences (P≤0.05) between the groups. Results: Our findings demonstrated that the ganglionic area, neuronal soma size, Abercrombie-corrected number of neurons, and number of SGCs per neuron were similar in nulliparas and primiparas. The relative expression of both GDNF and GFRα- 1 was similar. Immunostaining for both GDNF and GFRα-1 was observed in several vaginal layers, and no differences were detected regarding GDNF and GFRα-1 immunostaining between the 2 groups. In the paravaginal ganglia, the expression of GDNF was increased in neurons, while that of GFRα-1 was augmented in the SGCs of primiparous rabbits. Conclusions: The present findings suggest an ongoing regenerative process related to the recovery of neuronal soma size in the paravaginal ganglia, in which GDNF and GFRα-1 could be involved in cross-talk between neurons and SGCs.
Verónica Perea,Xavier Urquizu,Maite Valverde,Marina Macias,Anna Carmona,Esther Esteve,Gemma Escribano,Nuria Pons,Oriol Giménez,Teresa Gironés,Andreu Simó-Servat,Andrea Domenech,Núria Alonso-Carril,Car 대한당뇨병학회 2022 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.46 No.6
Background: This study aimed to evaluate the influence of maternal diabetes in the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders in offspring in the prenatal and postnatal periods.Methods: This cohort study included singleton gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) pregnancies >22 weeks’ gestation with live newborns between 1991 and 2008. The control group was randomly selected and matched (1:2) for maternal age, weeks of gestation and birth year. Cox regression models estimated the effect of GDM on the risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and maternal type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Moreover, interaction between maternal T2DM and GDM-ADHD relationship was evaluated.Results: Children (<i>n</i>=3,123) were included (1,073 GDM; 2,050 control group). The median follow-up was 18.2 years (interquartile range, 14.2 to 22.3) (<i>n</i>=323 with ADHD, <i>n</i>=36 with ASD, and <i>n</i>=275 from women who developed T2DM). GDM exposure was associated with ADHD (hazard ratio [HR]<sub>crude</sub>, 1.67; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.33 to 2.07) (HR<sub>adjusted</sub>, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.31 to 2.05). This association remained significant regardless of the treatment (diet or insulin) and diagnosis after 26 weeks of gestation. Children of mothers who developed T2DM presented higher rates of ADHD (14.2 vs. 10%, <i>P</i>=0.029). However, no interaction was found when T2DM was included in the GDM and ADHD models (<i>P</i>>0.05). GDM was not associated with an increased risk of ASD (HR<sub>adjusted</sub>, 1.46; 95% CI, 0.74 to 2.84).Conclusion: Prenatal exposure to GDM increases the risk of ADHD in offspring, regardless of GDM treatment complexity. However, postnatal exposure to maternal T2DM was not related to the development of ADHD.
Chronic Toxicity, Genotoxic Assay, and Phytochemical Analysis of Four Traditional Medicinal Plants
América Castañeda Sortibrán,María Guadalupe Ordaz Téllez,Verónica Muñoz Ocotero,Marco Antonio Carballo-Ontiveros,Angélica Méndez García,Rocio Jimena Jiménez Valdés,Elizabeth Romero Gutiérrez,Rosario R 한국식품영양과학회 2011 Journal of medicinal food Vol.14 No.9
Four medicinal plants—Tecoma stans, Ligusticum porteri, Monarda austromontana, and Poliomintha longiflora, which are distributed in tropical and subtropical countries of the American continent—are widely used in folk medicine to treat diseases such as diarrhea and dysentery. In addition, T. stans and P. longiflora are extensively used as hypoglycemic agents, and M. austromontana and P. longiflora are used as condiments. The plants were collected, identified, dried, and pulverized. Solvent extraction was prepared by maceration of the plant samples, and the phytochemical composition of the extracts was determined by using standard analysis procedures. Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of triterpenoids/steroids, flavonoids, and phenols/tannins and, in L. porteri, traces of alkaloids. After the elimination of solvents in vacuo, the extracts were administrated to Drosophila larvae to test their toxicity and genotoxicity. Third instar larvae were chronically fed with the phytoextracts. The extract from L. porteri was toxic, whereas those from T. stans, P. longiflora, and M. austromontana were not. Genotoxic activities of the 4 plants were investigated by using the wing-spot assay of D. melanogaster. Mitomycin C was used as a positive control. No statistically significant increase was observed between treated sample series and a concurrent negative (water) or solvent control sample series.
Liliana Mabel Gerard,Cristina Verónica Davies,Carina Alejandra Soldá,María Belén Corrado,María Verónica Fernández 한국미생물·생명공학회 2020 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.48 No.2
Sixteen acetic acid bacteria (AAB) were isolated from blueberries and citric fruits of the Salto Grande region (Concordia, Entre Ríos, Argentina) using enrichment techniques and plate isolation. Enrichment broths containing ethanol and acetic acid enabled maximum AAB recovery, since these components promote their growth. Biochemical tests allowed classification of the bacteria at genus level. PCR-RFLP of the 16S rRNA and PCR-RFLP of the 16S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer allowed further classification at the species level; this required treatment of the amplified products of 16S and 16S-23S ITS ribosomal genes with the following restriction enzymes: AluI, RsaI, HaeIII, MspI, TaqI, CfoI, and Tru9I. C7, C8, A80, A160, and A180 isolates were identified as Gluconobacter frateurii; C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, A70, and A210 isolates as Acetobacter pasteurianus; A50 and A140 isolates as Acetobacter tropicalis; and C9 isolate as Acetobacter syzygii. The bacteria identified by 16S rRNA PCR-RFLP were validated by 16S-23S PCR-RFLP; however, the C1 isolate showed different restriction patterns during identification and validation. Partial sequencing of the 16S gene resolved the discrepancy.
Chymotrypsin - Eudragit Complex Formation
Valeria Boeris,Laura Verónica Cappella,Gisele Peres,Inés Burgos,Nádya Pesce da Silveira,Gerardo Fidelio,Guillermo Picó 한국생물공학회 2013 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.18 No.3
Eudragit® L100 (EuL) and Eudragit® S100(EuS) are synthetic polyanions differing on their electric charge density. They interact with chymotrypsin (ChTRP),a basic protein forming soluble and non-soluble complexes. The complex formation was studied by dynamic light scattering, isothermal titration calorimetry, native fluorescence emission, circular dichroism and thermodynamical thermal stability of the enzyme. EuS was able to bind 33 ChTRP molecules while EuL, 60. The binding of ChTRP to both Eu was slightly endothermic and the entropic factor was responsible for the soluble complexes formation. The ChTRP-Eu size increases with pH and the binding of ChTRP to Eu modifies the Eu hydrodynamic radium. The interaction of ChTRP with Eu did not modify its secondary or tertiary structure. The thermal stability of ChTRP was increased when it interacted with both Eu.
Ovarian Stromal Hyperplasia: A Rare Cause of Postmenopausal Hyperandrogenism
Teresa Lozoya Araque,Isauro Rogelio Monfort Ortiz,José Enrique Martín González,Alenda Jiménez García,Inmaculada Navarro Hidalgo,Verónica Andrade Gamarra,Cecilia Parrell Soler,Fernando Gil Raga 대한폐경학회 2020 대한폐경학회지 Vol.26 No.1
Ovarian hyperthecosis and ovarian stromal hyperplasia (OSH) are two uncommon non-neoplastic causes of ovarian hyperandrogenism, whose etiology is still unknown. These conditions are characterized by obesity, hyperinsulinemia, acanthosis nigricans, and even virilization, mainly in postmenopausal women. Here we have reported the case of a 67-year-old patient with a diagnosis of OSH, which was resolved after bilateral laparoscopic oophorectomy. In this case report, we have discussed two different conditions posing a diagnostic challenge and requiring a high index of suspicion.
Itzel Margarita Córdova-Alcántara,Diana Laura Venegas-Cortés,María Ángeles Martínez-Rivera,Néstor Octavio Pérez,Aida Verónica Rodriguez-Tovar 한국미생물학회 2019 The journal of microbiology Vol.57 No.6
Fusarium solani has drawn phytopathogenic, biotechnological, and medical interest. In humans, it is associated with localized infections, such as onychomycosis and keratomycosis, as well as invasive infections in immunocompromised patients. One pathogenicity factor of filamentous fungi is biofilm formation. There is still only scarce information about the in vitro mechanism of the formation and composition of F. solani biofilm. In this work, we describe the biofilm formed by a clinical keratomycosis isolate in terms of its development, composition and susceptibility to different antifungals and ultraviolet light (UV) at different biofilm formation stages. We found five biofilm formation stages using scanning electron microscopy: adherence, germination, hyphal development, maturation, and cell detachment. Using epifluorescence microscopy with specific fluorochromes, it was elucidated that the extracellular matrix consists of carbohydrates, proteins, and extracellular DNA. Specific inhibitors for these molecules showed significant biofilm reductions. The antifungal susceptibility against natamycin, voriconazole, caspofungin, and amphotericin B was evaluated by metabolic activity and crystal violet assay, with the F. solani biofilm preformation to 24 h increased in resistance to natamycin, voriconazole, and caspofungin, while the biofilm preformation to 48 h increased in resistance to amphotericin B. The preformed biofilm at 24 h protected and reduced UV light mortality. F. solani isolate could produce a highly structured extra biofilm; its cellular matrix consists of carbohydrate polymers, proteins, and eDNA. Biofilm confers antifungal resistance and decreases its susceptibility to UV light. The fungal biofilm functions as a survival strategy against antifungals and environmental factors.