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Optical thermometry probe via fiber containing β-NaLuF4:Yb3+/Er3+/ Tm3+
Muhammad Khuram Shahzad,Yundong Zhang,Muhammad Usman Khan,Harse Sattar,Muhammad Ikram 한국물리학회 2019 Current Applied Physics Vol.19 No.6
In this article, β-NaLuF4:Yb3+/Tm3+/Er3+ were synthesized by thermal decomposition technique. Yb3+/Tm3+/ Er3+ has been firstly manifested to fabricate the microfibers after co-doping with polymer solution. The guiding performance of a microfiber was observed under 980 nm excitation source to prove that it could be used as an active and passive waveguides. The characteristics of optical thermal sensing of Tm3+ and Er3+ ions in a single microfiber were demonstrated. The FIR method was utilized to evaluate the sensitivity of a single microfiber and maximum sensitivity of activator ions in a microfiber was achieved as 0.00124 and 0.00311 K-1 with temperature ranging from 303 to 363 K, respectively. Our results suggest that a single microfiber has good sensing stability and has potential applications in the field of thermometry.
Muhammad Usman Rashid,Faiz Ali Khan,Noor Muhammad,Asif Loya,Ute Hamann 대한암학회 2019 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.51 No.3
Purpose Partner and localizer of BRCA2 (PALB2) is a breast cancer susceptibility gene that plays an important role in DNA repair. This is the first study assessing the prevalence of PALB2 mutations in early-onset and familial breast/ovarian cancer patients from Pakistan. Materials and Methods PALB2 mutation screening was performed in 370 Pakistani patients with early-onset and familial breast/ovarian cancer, who were negative for BRCA1, BRCA2, TP53, CHEK2, and RAD51C mutations, using denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. Mutations were confirmed by DNA sequencing. Novel PALB2 alterations were analyzed for their potential effect on protein function or splicing using various in silico prediction tools. Three-hundred and seventy-two healthy controls were screened for the presence of the identified (potentially) functional mutations. Results A novel nonsense mutation, p.Y743*, was identified in one familial breast cancer patient (1/127, 0.8%). Besides, four in silico-predicted potentially functional mutations including three missense mutations and one 5' untranslated region mutation were identified: p.D498Y, novel p.G644R, novel p.E744K, and novel c.-134_-133delTCinsGGGT. The mutations p.Y743* and p.D498Y were identified in two familial patients diagnosed with unilateral or synchronous bilateral breast cancer at the ages of 29 and 39, respectively. The other mutations were identified in an early-onset (! 30 years of age) breast cancer patient each. All five mutations were absent in 372 healthy controls suggesting that they are disease associated. Conclusion Our findings show that PALB2 mutations account for a small proportion of early-onset and hereditary breast/ovarian cancer cases in Pakistan.
Usman, Muhammad Rehan,Khan, Arsla,Usman, Muhammad Arslan,Shin, Soo Young China Communications Magazine Co. Ltd. 2018 China communications Vol.15 No.9
<P>Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is a new access method to achieve high performance gains in terms of capacity and throughput, so it is currently under consideration as one of the candidates for fifth generation (5G) technologies. NOMA utilizes power domain in order to superimpose signals of multiple users in a single transmitted signal. This creates a lot of interference at the receive side. Although the use of successive interference cancellation (SIC) technique reduces the interference, but to further improve the receiver performance, in this paper, we have proposed a joint Walsh-Hadamard transform (WHT) and NOMA approach for achieving better performance gains than the conventional NOMA. WHT is a well-known code used in communication systems and is used as an orthogonal variable spreading factor (OVSF) in communication systems. Application of WHT to NOMA results in low bit error rate (BER) and high throughput performance for both low and high channel gain users. Further, it also reduces peak to average power ratio (PAPR) of the user signal. The results are discussed in terms of comparison between the conventional NOMA and the proposed technique, which shows that it offers high performance gains in terms of low BER at different SNR levels, reduced PAPR, high user throughput performance and better spectral efficiency.</P>
Firms’ Technology Innovation Activity: Does Financial Structure Matter?
Muhammad Kaleem Khan,Ying He,Umair Akram,Salman Zulfiqar,Muhammad Usman 한국증권학회 2018 Asia-Pacific Journal of Financial Studies Vol.47 No.2
In this paper we estimate the extent to which financial structure influences technology innovation activity (TIA) in China. Based on a variety of specifications and by employing panel data estimation techniques, we find that a capital-market-based financial structure supports TIA more efficiently than a bank-bases financial structure does. Chinese firms in high-tech industry are getting privilege from overwhelming financial development in China to enhance their TIA. Private firms in particular are becoming more and more active in TIA by taking advantage of China’s developing capital market, whereas state-owned enterprises are advancing in technological innovation owing to continuous financial support from the state-owned credit market.