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Slow Wave Activity and Modulations in Mouse Jejunum Myenteric Plexus In Situ
( Ying Cai He Tang ),( Fan Jiang ),( Zhaojun Dong ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회(구 대한소화관운동학회) 2017 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.23 No.1
Background/Aims Myenteric plexus interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC-MY) are involved in the generation of gut pacemaker activity and neuronal communication. We performed patch clamp on ICC-MY in situ to observe the changes of pacemaker activity in response to neural modulations. Methods A fresh longitudinal muscle with myenteric plexus (LMMP) from mouse jejunum was prepared. ICC-MY and ganglion neurons embedded in the layer of longitudinal muscles were targeted by patch clamping in whole-cell configuration in a model of current or voltage clamp. Neurogenic modulators were applied to evaluate their effects on ICC pacemaker activity. Results In situ ICC-MY showed spontaneous and rhythmical voltage oscillations with a frequency of 27.2 ± 3.9 cycles/min, amplitude of 32.6 ± 6.3 mV, and resting membrane potential of -62.2 ± 2.8 mV. In situ neurons showed electrically evocable action potential in single or multiple spikes. Pacemaker activity was modulated by neuronal activators through receiving a neuronal input. Application of tetrodotoxin depolarized pacemaker potentials in a dose dependent manner, and decreased the amplitude at tetrodotoxin 0.3 μM for about 40 ± 10%; capsaicin (1 μM) ameliorated ICC-MY K<sup>+</sup> current for about 49 ± 14.8%; and, nitric oxide hyperpolarized pacemaker potential and decreased the amplitude and frequency. Conclusions The in situ preparation patch clamp study further demonstrates that the pacemaker activity is an intrinsic property of ICC. The neurogenic activators change and shape pacemaker potential and activity in situ. LMMP preparation in situ patch clamp provides an ideal platform to study the fun ctional innervation of the ICC and the enteric neural system, thereby, for evaluating the neural regulation of pacemaker activity, especially in disorder models. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2017;23:117-123)
Ying He,Chunzhong Li,Qilin Cheng,Petr Saha,Vladimir Pavlinek 한국공업화학회 2009 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.15 No.4
In this study, titanate nanotubes (TNTs) were synthesized by hydrothermal treatment of TiO2 powders (P25) in a NaOH solution. The as-synthesized TNTs exhibit high surface area and large aspect ratio. Rheological properties of TNTs suspensions were then investigated under oscillatory shear. The TNTs fluid shows the viscoelastic behavior and the dynamic moduli (G0, G00) increase significantly by about 4 orders ofmagnitude as the electric field strength is up to 2.0 kV/mm. Transient response under dynamic shear reveals different changes in the microstructure of TNTs fluid from steady shear. The complex modulus of TNTs fluids is sensitive to temperature while that of P25 fluid become insensitive at higher temperature. Dynamic viscoelastic behavior suggests that structure of P25 to TNTs transition merits the enhancement of ER activity of TNTs fluid.
??(He, Ying?Kim),金昌?(Chang-Gyeong),梁?(Liang, Shi) 동북아시아문화학회 2019 동북아 문화연구 Vol.1 No.61
Driven by the sharing economy boom, with the increasingly mature mobile terminal market, the combination of mobile communication and the internet has given birth to many new knowledge payment platforms. Knowledge payment platform has formed a new knowledge transaction method with its unique way of knowledge production and huge knowledge demand of users. The knowledge payment platform is the core of knowledge payment, but it is still in the initial stage of development. As an early explorer in the industry, "Zaihang yidian" has been exploring a new mode of voice payment, which is representative in the field of knowledge payment. Therefore, based on the concept of "paying for knowledge ", this paper firstly explores the development process and categories of the paid Q&A platform. Secondly, based on the 4P theory, this paper analyzes the content marketing strategy of the "Zaihang yidian" paid voice Q & A platform. Thirdly, conducts an in-depth analysis of the difficulties faced by the pay Q & A platform of " Zaihang yidian", such as ephemeral star effect,the classification method is not reasonable, 60 seconds paid Q & A has become a short board for development, fragmented knowledge is difficult to precipitate, voice content supervision is absent, etc. Finally, this paper tries to put forward some corresponding countermeasures and suggestions from the aspects of establishing screening mechanism, establishing evaluation mechanism, strengthening supervision mechanism and improving service mechanism.
He, Ying-Xia,Ye, Cheng-Lin,Zhang, Pei,Li, Qiao,Park, Chae Gyu,Yang, Kun,Jiang, Ling-Yu,Lv, Yin,Ying, Xiao-Ling,Ding, Hong-Hui,Huang, Hong-Ping,Mambwe Tembo, John,Li, An-Yi,Cheng, Bing,Zhang, Shu-Sheng American Society for Microbiology 2019 Infection and immunity Vol.87 No.1
<P><I>Yersinia pseudotuberculosis</I> is a Gram-negative enteropathogen and causes gastrointestinal infections. It disseminates from gut to mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs), spleen, and liver of infected humans and animals.</P><P><I>Yersinia pseudotuberculosis</I> is a Gram-negative enteropathogen and causes gastrointestinal infections. It disseminates from gut to mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs), spleen, and liver of infected humans and animals. Although the molecular mechanisms for dissemination and infection are unclear, many Gram-negative enteropathogens presumably invade the small intestine via Peyer’s patches to initiate dissemination. In this study, we demonstrate that <I>Y. pseudotuberculosis</I> utilizes its lipopolysaccharide (LPS) core to interact with CD209 receptors, leading to invasion of human dendritic cells (DCs) and murine macrophages. These <I>Y. pseudotuberculosis</I>-CD209 interactions result in bacterial dissemination to MLNs, spleens, and livers of both wild-type and Peyer’s patch-deficient mice. The blocking of the <I>Y. pseudotuberculosis</I>-CD209 interactions by expression of O-antigen and with oligosaccharides reduces infectivity. Based on the well-documented studies in which HIV-CD209 interaction leads to viral dissemination, we therefore propose an infection route for <I>Y. pseudotuberculosis</I> where this pathogen, after penetrating the intestinal mucosal membrane, hijacks the <I>Y. pseudotuberculosis</I>-CD209 interaction antigen-presenting cells to reach their target destinations, MLNs, spleens, and livers.</P>
Portable Cyanobacteria Detection Fluorometer with Current-conveyor Transimpedance Amplifiers
Ying He,Sung Min Park 대한전자공학회 2017 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.17 No.6
A portable fluorometer has been developed for cyanobacteria detection by exploiting commercially available low-cost photodiodes. Particularly, the front-end detection circuit was integrated on-chip by using a 0.11-μm CMOS process to realize the high transimpedance gain of 99.7 dBΩ with low current consumption of 1.4 mA from a single 1.5-V supply, hence providing a low-power solution with small form-factor in the applications of portable cyanobacteria detection. For measuring fluorescence intensity of cyanobacteria, two quantum dots of QD565 and QD655 were employed into a NanoGene assay for mcyD gene(synthetase of toxic microcystin) detection of Microcystis aeruginosa, resulting in two different readout voltages. Various operational parameters (e.g. distance, angle between laser emission and vial sample, etc) were investigated for the proposed fluorometer. Measurements demonstrated that the mcyD gene hybridized with QD565 and QD655 was quantitatively detected, i.e. the normalized output voltage (QD655/QD565) was linearly proportional to the mcyD gene copy numbers (y = 0.25 log x – 0.25). Besides, the wireless transfer of the quantitative data was performed via Bluetooth.
A 3-dimensional Modified Vernier Time-to-digital Converter for LiDAR Sensors
Ying He,Ji-Eun Joo,Sung Min Park 대한전자공학회 2020 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.20 No.6
This paper presents a three-dimensional (3-D) modified Vernier time-to-digital converter (MVTDC) for the applications of light detection and ranging (LiDAR) sensors. The proposed 3-D MVTDC combines a 2-D modified Vernier TDC and a delay-lock loop (DLL) that is preceded by an XOR and an edge-detector as its input circuitry, so that the former provides 4-bit coarse digital codes while the latter generates 4-bit fine codes during the high-state of DLL that is maintained only between each rising edge of START and STOP pulses. Then, the measured detection range of a LiDAR sensor can be represented by an 8-bit digital code. The proposed 3-D MV-TDC were implemented in a 0.13 ㎛ CMOS process, demonstrating the measured dynamic range of 43.2 ㏈ that corresponds to the detection range of 18.8 centimeters~28.6 meters. The chip dissipates 2.9 ㎽ from a single 1.2-V supply, while its core occupies the area of 0.37 x 0.89 ㎟.
Hanjie Ying,Jingjing Xie,Nan Li,Ying He,Yong Chen,Xiaochun Chen,Jianxin Bai,Jinglan Wu 한국화학공학회 2013 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.30 No.4
Adenylate cyclase (EC 4.6.1.1) catalyzes the formation of cyclic adenosine-3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP)from adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP). Recombinant Escherichia coli overexpressing adenylate cyclase was used to synthesize cAMP by whole cell catalysis. Some key parameters were examined during the catalytic process, while pH and Mg2+ were found to influence cAMP production significantly. Optimum conditions were pH 8.52 and 30 oC with 77.2 mM Mg2+ in 100 mM Tris-HCl buffer, including 0.25% Triton-X 100 as detergent and 30 mM pyruvate sodium as enzyme activator for 6 h. 14.93 g/L of cAMP was produced with a conversion rate of 91.5%. The current work provided a potential way for the industrial production of cAMP.