Hibiscus sabdariffa L.: phytoconstituents, nutritive, and pharmacological applications

Mohamed A. Salem,Ahmed Zayed,Magy E. Beshay,Mesih Mirna M. Abdel,Khayal Reem F. Ben,Fady A. George,Shahira M. Ezzat 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2022 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.22 No.3

Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (HS) calyx extracts have been well-documented for the treatment of hypertension, liver dysfunctions, and diabetes among others. An updated concise review of HS regarding phytoconstituents, and involved putative mechanisms of potential biological activities is presented. HS showed other food and other industrial applications, including the preparation of metallic nanoparticles. These activities were explained by the presence of a broad spectrum of valuable phytochemicals, including the red pigments anthocyanins, phenolic, and organic acids and polyphenolics (e.g., flavonoids and tannins). Most of the bioactivities were found to be associated with anthocyanins-rich extracts. Anthocyanins were found to have various mechanisms for the treatment of hypertension, including direct vasodilation and inhibition of angiotensinconverting enzyme (ACE). However, leaves and seeds showed also other potential applications in food industry, owing to the significant amounts of phenolic antioxidant compounds. Therefore, valorization and optimization of bioactive constituents’ extraction from plant biowastes should be considered for maximizing the benefits of HS extracts.

Middle Meningeal Artery Arising from the Basilar Artery

Mohamed M. Salem,Matthew R. Fusco,Parviz Dolati,Arra S. Reddy,Bradley A. Gross,Christopher S. Ogilvy,Ajith J. Thomas 대한뇌혈관외과학회 2014 Journal of Cerebrovascular and Endovascular Neuros Vol.16 No.4

Various anomalies for the origin of the middle meningeal artery (MMA)have been described in the literature. However, origin of the MMA fromthe basilar trunk is an extremely rare variant. We report on a 54-year-oldfemale who presented with frequent headaches; magnetic resonanceimaging showed a right parietal meningioma. The abnormal origin of themiddle meningeal artery from the basilar artery was diagnosed by angiographyperformed for preoperative embolization of the tumor. We reporton the case with a review of the embryologic basis, possible explanationsfor this aberrant origin, and its clinical implications.

Camellia sinesis leaves extract ameliorates high fat diet-induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in rats: analysis of potential mechanisms

Mohamed Safaa H.,Shahat Abdelaaty A.,Mohamed Mohamed Ragaa,Khalil Wagdy K. B.,Salem Ahmed M.,Farrag Abdel Razik H.,Ahmed Hanaa Hamdy 한국약제학회 2021 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.51 No.2

Purpose Our research aims to address and determine the effect of Camellia sinensis extract in the management of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in rats. Methods Forty adult female albino rats were divided into four groups. Group 1 (G1) served as the control group, while the other three groups received high-fat diet for 32 weeks to induce NASH and then were later assigned to the following groups: (G2) NASH-afflicted group which was left untreated, (G3) NASH-afflicted group treated with Camellia sinensis extract in a dose of 400 mg/kg, and (G4) NASH-afflicted group treated with Camellia sinensis extract in a dose of 200 mg/kg. Results Significant elevation in serum alanine aminotransferase, albumin, bilirubin (total and direct), cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, triglycerides, leptin, Cox-2, and CD40 values was recorded. Moreover, overexpression of hepatic tumor necrosis factor alpha and hepatocyte growth factor genes were recorded, whereas blood platelet count and serum high density lipoprotein concentration revealed significant depletion, which was paralleled by significant downregulation of hepatic adiponectin gene expression level in NASH group versus the control group. On the opposite side, treatment of NASH groups with two different doses of Camellia sinensis extract reversed the values of the measured biochemical parameters and the targeted gene expression levels when compared with the NASH group. Optical micrograph of liver tissue sections of rats treated with Camellia sinensis extract showed the observed improvement in the studied biochemical and genetic markers. Conclusion This study provides a clear evidence for the promising therapeutic potential of Camellia sinensis extract against NASH. This could be ascribed to its hepatoprotective activity, hypolipidemic effect, and anti-inflammatory potency.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of some novel urea and thiourea derivatives of isoxazolo[4,5-d]pyridazine and structurally related thiazolo[4,5-d]pyridazine as antimicrobial agents

Hassan M. Faidallah,Sherif A. F. Rostom,Salem A. Basaif,Mohammed S. T. Makki,Khalid A. Khan 대한약학회 2013 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.36 No.11

This study reports the synthesis of some novelisoxazolo[4,5-d]pyridazines and structurally related thiazolo[4,5-d]pyridazines, and their biological evaluation asantimicrobial agents. The proposed compounds weredesigned to contain pharmacophores such as urea, thiourea,sulfonylurea (thiourea) and some derived functionalities thatare believed to contribute to the anticipated biologicalactivities. The results revealed that 25 compounds displayedbroad spectrum of antibacterial activity, with greater inhibitoryeffect on the growth of the tested Gram positive strainscompared to Gram negative ones. Moreover, 14 compoundswere able to produce appreciable growth inhibitory activityagainst Candida albicans fungus when compared toClotrimazole. Most of the tested isoxazolo[4,5-d]pyridazinesdisplayed better antimicrobial profile than theircorresponding thiazolo[4,5-d]pyridazine congeners. Fourcompounds namely, p-(3,7-dimethyl-4-oxo-4H-isoxazolo[4,5-d]pyridazine-5-yl)benzenesulfonylthioureas (11c–d),3-substituted-2-[p-(3,7-dimethyl-4-oxo-4H-isoxazolo[4,5-d]pyridazine-5-yl)-benzene-sufonylimino]-4-oxothiazolidines(13d) and p-(2,7-dimethyl-4-oxo-4H-thiazolo[4,5-d]pyridazin-5-yl)benzenesulfonylthiourea (24c) werefound to be most active antimicrobial members in presentstudy.

Effective and highly recyclable nanosilica produced from the rice husk for effective removal of organic dyes

Gehan M.K. Tolba,나지르,A.M. Bastaweesy,E.A. Ashour,Wael Abdelmoez,Mohamed H. El-Newehy,Salem S. Al-Deyab,김학용 한국공업화학회 2015 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.29 No.-

Amorphous nanosilica separated from rice-husk at yield of 81% by hydrothermal technique is introducedas effective and reusable adsorbent for the organic pollutants. The prepared nanosilica is spheroid with aparticle size of 10–50 nm. As adsorbent, the results indicated that the nanosilica could remove 65% fromthe methylene blue dye (10 ppm) within the first minute. The calculated thermodynamic parametersindicated that the adsorption of MB is spontaneous and endothermic. Interestingly, regeneration of theintroduced material by caclination at 450 8C enhanced the adsorption process as the removingpercentage was linearly depending on the number of the successive cycles.

Study on the Effect of the Self-Attenuation Coefficient on γ-ray Detector Efficiency Calculated at Low and High Energy Regions

Ahmed. M. El-Khatib,ABOUZEID. A. THABET,MOHAMED. A. ELZAHER,MOHAMED. S. BADAWI,BOHAYSA. A. SALEM 한국원자력학회 2014 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.46 No.2

The present work used the efficiency transfer method used to calculate the full energy peak efficiency (FEPE) curves ofthe (2"*2" & 3"*3") NaI (Tl) detectors based on the effective solid angle subtended between the source and the detector. Thestudy covered the effect of the self attenuation coefficient of the source matrix (with a radius greater than the detector's radius)on the detector efficiency. 152 An Eu aqueous radioactive source covering the energy range from 121.78 keV up to 1408.01keV was used. In this study an empirical formula was deduced to calculate the difference between the measured and thecalculated efficiencies [without self attenuation] at low and high energy regions. A proper balance between the measured andcalculated efficiencies [with self attenuation] was achieved with discrepancies less than 3%, while reaching 39% forcalculating values [without self attenuation] due to working with large sources, or for low photon energies.

MicroRNAs and Metastasis-related Gene Expression in Egyptian Breast Cancer Patients

Hafez, Mohamed M.,Hassan, Zeinab K.,Zekri, Abdel Rahman N.,Gaber, Ayman A.,Rejaie, Salem S. Al,Sayed-Ahmed, Mohamed M.,Shabanah, Othman Al Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.2

Aim and background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of naturally occurring small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression, cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis by targeting mRNAs for translational repression or cleavage. The present study was conducted to study miRNAs in Egyptian breast cancer (BC) and their relation to metastasis, tumor invasion and apoptosis in addition to their association with the ER and PR statuses. Methods: Real Time RT-PCR was performed to identify the miRNA expression level of eight miRNAs and eight metastatic-related genes in 40 breast cancer samples and their adjacent non-neoplastic tissues. The expression levels of each miRNA relative to U6 RNA were determined using the $^{2-{\Delta}}CT$ method. Also, miRNA expression profiles of the BC and their corresponding ANT were evaluated. Results: The BC patients showed an up-regulation in miRNAs (mir-155, mir-10, mir-21 and mir-373) with an upregulation in MMP2, MMp9 and VEGF genes. We found down regulation in mir-17p, mir-126, mir-335, mir-30b and also TIMP3, TMP1 and PDCD4 genes in the cancer tissue compared to the adjacent non-neoplastic tissues. Mir -10b, mir -21, mir-155 and mir373 and the metastatic genes MMP2, MMP9 and VEGF were significantly associated with an increase in tumor size (P < 0.05). No significant difference was observed between any of the studied miRNAs regarding lymph node metastasis. Mir-21 was significantly over-expressed in ER-/PR-cases. Conclusion: Specific miRNAs (mir-10, mir-21, mir-155, mir-373, mir-30b, mir-126, mir-17p, mir-335) are associated with tumor metastasis and other clinical characteristics for BC, facilitating identification of individuals who are at risk.

Enhanced extraction of copper and nickel based on the Egyptian Abu Swayeil copper ore

Somia T. Mohamed,Abeer A. Emam,Wael M. Fathy,Amany R. Salem,Amr B. ElDeeb 한국분석과학회 2024 분석과학 Vol.37 No.1

The continuous increasing of the global demand of copper and nickel metals raises the interest indeveloping alternative technologies to produce them from copper sulfide ore. Also, in line with Egypt's vision2030 for achieving the sustainable socioeconomic development which aims at developing alternative and ecofriendlytechnologies for processing the Egyptian ores to produce these strategic products instead of its importing. These metals enhance the advanced electrical and electronic industries. The current work aims at investigatingthe recovery of copper and nickel from Abu Swayeil copper ore using pug leaching technique by sulfuric acid. The factors affecting the pug leaching process including the sulfuric acid concentration, leaching time andtemperature have been investigated. The copper ore sample was characterized chemically using X-rayfluorescence (XRF) and scanning electron microscope (SEM-EDX). A response surface methodology developsa quadratic model that expects the nickel and copper leaching effectiveness as a function of three controllingfactors involved in the procedure of leaching was also investigated. The obtained results showed that themaximum dissolution efficiency of Ni and Cu are 99.06 % and 95.30%, respectively which was obtained atthe following conditions: 15 % H2SO4 acid concentration for 6 hr. at 250 ℃. The dissolution kinetics of nickeland copper that were examined according to heterogeneous model, indicated that the dissolution rates werecontrolled by surface chemical process during the pug leaching. The activation energy of copper and nickeldissolution were 26.79 kJ.mol−1 and 38.078 kJ.mol−1 respectively; and the surface chemical was proposed asthe leaching rate-controlling step.

STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF THE SELF-ATTENUATION COEFFICIENT ON γ-RAY DETECTOR EFFICIENCY CALCULATED AT LOW AND HIGH ENERGY REGIONS

El-Khatib, Ahmed M.,Thabet, Abouzeid A.,Elzaher, Mohamed A.,Badawi, Mohamed S.,Salem, Bohaysa A. Korean Nuclear Society 2014 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.46 No.2

The present work used the efficiency transfer method used to calculate the full energy peak efficiency (FEPE) curves of the (2"*2" & 3"*3") NaI (Tl) detectors based on the effective solid angle subtended between the source and the detector. The study covered the effect of the self attenuation coefficient of the source matrix (with a radius greater than the detector's radius) on the detector efficiency. $^{152}$ An Eu aqueous radioactive source covering the energy range from 121.78 keV up to 1408.01 keV was used. In this study an empirical formula was deduced to calculate the difference between the measured and the calculated efficiencies [without self attenuation] at low and high energy regions. A proper balance between the measured and calculated efficiencies [with self attenuation] was achieved with discrepancies less than 3%, while reaching 39% for calculating values [without self attenuation] due to working with large sources, or for low photon energies.

Public Sentiment Analysis and Topic Modeling Regarding COVID-19’s Three Waves of Total Lockdown: A Case Study on Movement Control Order in Malaysia

A.H. Alamoodi,Mohammed Rashad Baker,O.S. Albahri,B.B. Zaidan,A.A. Zaidan,Wing-Kwong Wong,Salem Garfan,A.S. Albahri,Miguel A. Alonso,Ali Najm Jasim,M. J. Baqer 한국인터넷정보학회 2022 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.16 No.7

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected many aspects of human life. The pandemic not only caused millions of fatalities and problems but also changed public sentiment and behavior. Owing to the magnitude of this pandemic, governments worldwide adopted full lockdown measures that attracted much discussion on social media platforms. To investigate the effects of these lockdown measures, this study performed sentiment analysis and latent Dirichlet allocation topic modeling on textual data from Twitter published during the three lockdown waves in Malaysia between 2020 and 2021. Three lockdown measures were identified, the related data for the first two weeks of each lockdown were collected and analysed to understand the public sentiment. The changes between these lockdowns were identified, and the latent topics were highlighted. Most of the public sentiment focused on the first lockdown as reflected in the large number of latent topics generated during this period. The overall sentiment for each lockdown was mostly positive, followed by neutral and then negative. Topic modelling results identified staying at home, quarantine and lockdown as the main aspects of discussion for the first lockdown, whilst importance of health measures and government efforts were the main aspects for the second and third lockdowns. Governments may utilise these findings to understand public sentiment and to formulate precautionary measures that can assure the safety of their citizens and tend to their most pressing problems. These results also highlight the importance of positive messaging during difficult times, establishing digital interventions and formulating new policies to improve the reaction of the public to emergency situations.