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Mayra F Ricci,Samantha R Béla,Joana L Barbosa,Michele M Moraes,Ana L Mazzeti,Maria T Bahia,Laila S Horta,Helton da C Santiago,Jader S Cruz,Luciano dos S A Capettini,Rosa M E Arantes 대한소화기 기능성질환·운동학회 2022 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.28 No.3
Background/AimsChagasic megacolon is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, which promotes in several cases, irreversible segmental colonic dilation. This alteration is the major anatomic-clinical disorder, characterized by the enteric nervous system and muscle wall structural damage. Herein, we investigate how T. cruzi -induced progressive colonic structural changes modulate the colonic contractile pattern activity. MethodsWe developed a murine model of T. cruzi-infection that reproduced long-term modifications of the enlarged colon. We evaluated colonic and total intestinal transit time in animals. The patterns of motor response at several time intervals between the acute and chronic phases were evaluated using the organ bath assays. Enteric motor neurons were stimulated by electric field stimulation. The responses were analyzed in the presence of the nicotinic and muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonists. Western blot was performed to evaluate the expression of nicotinic and muscarinic receptors. The neurotransmitter expression was analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. ResultsIn the chronic phase of infection, there was decreased intestinal motility associated with decreased amplitude and rhythmicity of intestinal contractility. Pharmacological tests suggested a defective response mediated by acetylcholine receptors. The contractile response induced by acetylcholine was decreased by atropine in the acute phase while the lack of its action in the chronic phase was associated with tissue damage, and decreased expression of choline acetyltransferase, nicotinic subunits of acetylcholine receptors, and neurotransmitters. ConclusionsT. cruzi -induced damage of smooth muscles was accompanied by motility disorders such as decreased intestinal peristalsis and cholinergic system response impairment. This study allows integration of the natural history of Chagasic megacolon motility disorders and opens new perspectives for the design of effective therapeutic.
Chromosome stability differs in cloned mouse embryos and derivative ES cells
Balbach, Sebastian T.,Jauch, Anna,Bö,hm-Steuer, Barbara,Cavaleri, Fatima M.,Han, Yong-Mahn,Boiani, Michele Elsevier 2007 Developmental Biology Vol.308 No.2
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>The mechanisms that have evolved to maintain genome stability during cell cycle progression are challenged when a somatic cell nucleus is placed in a meiotic environment such as the ooplasm. Chromosomal spindle aberrations ensue in the majority of reconstructed oocytes within 2?h of transplantation, but it is not known if they recover or persist with the onset of embryonic divisions. We analyzed the chromosomal spindles and the karyotype of cumulus cell-derived mouse clones through the initial and hence most critical mitoses. Cloned embryos start out with less aneuploidy than fertilized embryos but surpass them after ES cell derivation, as measured by frequencies of chromosome trisomies and structural rearrangements. Despite the limited proportion of cloned mouse embryos that reach late gestation, a phenotypic mutation lacking a karyotypic mark was found in a newborn mouse cloned in 2002 and has been inherited since by its offspring. These data concur with a prevalent epigenetic, rather than genetic, basis for cloned embryo failure, but they also warn against the temptation to think that all conditions of clones are epigenetic and recover during gametogenesis. The cloning procedure is defenseless (no matter how technically refined) towards pre-existing or induced subchromosomal mutations that are below the experimental detection limit of the cytogenetic assay.</P>
Kantarjian, Hagop M.,Shah, Neil P.,Cortes, Jorge E.,Baccarani, Michele,Agarwal, Mohan B.,Undurraga, Marí,a Soledad,Wang, Jianxiang,Kassack Ipiñ,a, Juan Julio,Kim, Dong-Wook,Ogura, Michinor American Society of Hematology 2012 Blood Vol.119 No.5
<B>Abstract</B><P>Dasatinib is a highly potent BCR-ABL inhibitor with established efficacy and safety in imatinib-resistant/-intolerant patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). In the phase 3 DASISION trial, patients with newly diagnosed chronic-phase (CP) CML were randomized to receive dasatinib 100 mg (n = 259) or imatinib 400 mg (n = 260) once daily. Primary data showed superior efficacy for dasatinib compared with imatinib after 12 months, including significantly higher rates of complete cytogenetic response (CCyR), confirmed CCyR (primary end point), and major molecular response (MMR). Here, 24-month data are presented. Cumulative response rates by 24 months in dasatinib and imatinib arms were: CCyR in 86% versus 82%, MMR in 64% versus 46%, and BCR-ABL reduction to ≤ 0.0032% (4.5-log reduction) in 17% versus 8%. Transformation to accelerated-/ blast-phase CML on study occurred in 2.3% with dasatinib versus 5.0% with imatinib. BCR-ABL mutations, assessed after discontinuation, were detected in 10 patients in each arm. In safety analyses, fluid retention, superficial edema, myalgia, vomiting, and rash were less frequent with dasatinib compared with imatinib, whereas pleural effusion and grade 3/4 thrombocytopenia were more frequent with dasatinib. Overall, dasatinib continues to show faster and deeper responses compared with imatinib, supporting first-line use of dasatinib in patients with newly diagnosed CML-CP. This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00481247.</P>
Microbial 2-Cys Peroxiredoxins: Insights into Their Complex Physiological Roles
Michel B. Toledano,Bo Huang 한국분자세포생물학회 2016 Molecules and cells Vol.39 No.1
The peroxiredoxins (Prxs) constitute a very large and highly conserved family of thiol-based peroxidases that has been discovered only very recently. We consider here these enzymes through the angle of their discovery, and of some features of their molecular and physiological functions, focusing on complex phenotypes of the gene mutations of the 2-Cys Prxs subtype in yeast. As scavengers of the low levels of H2O2 and as H2O2 receptors and transducers, 2-Cys Prxs have been highly instrumental to understand the biological impact of H2O2, and in particular its signaling function. 2-Cys Prxs can also become potent chaperone holdases, and unveiling the in vivo relevance of this function, which is still not established, should further increase our knowledge of the biological impact and toxicity of H2O2. The diverse molecular functions of 2-Cys Prx explain the often-hard task of relating them to peroxiredoxin genes phenotypes, which underscores the pleiotropic physiological role of these enzymes and complex biologic impact of H2O2.
Michel B. Jesionek,Ricardo G. Bahia,Jazmín J. Hernández-Kantún,Walter H. Adey,Yocie Yoneshigue-Valentin,Leila L. Longo,Gilberto M. Amado-Filho 한국조류학회I 2016 ALGAE Vol.31 No.4
The Abrolhos Continental Shelf (ACS) encompasses the largest and richest coral reefs in the southern Atlantic Ocean. A taxonomic study of non-geniculate coralline algae (NGCA) from the region was undertaken using both morpho-anatomicaland molecular data. Specimens of NGCA were collected in 2012 and 2014 from shallow reefs of the ACS. Phylogeneticanalysis was performed using dataset of psbA DNA sequences from 16 specimens collected in the ACS and additionalGenBank sequences of related NGCA species. Nine common tropical reef-building NGCA species were identifiedand described: Hydrolithon boergesenii, Lithophyllum kaiseri, Lithophyllum sp., Lithothamnion crispatum, Melyvonneaerubescens, Pneophyllum conicum, Porolithon onkodes, Sporolithon ptychoides, and Titanoderma prototypum. A key forspecies identification is also provided in this study. Our molecular phylogenetic analyses suggest that Lithophyllum sp. corresponds to a new species. Our study also confirms that Lithophyllum kaiseri is a new record in Brazil. The psbA sequencesof Lithophyllum kaiseri and Melyvonnea erubescens matched with type specimens indirectly. The taxonomicidentification of the remaining species was supported by morpho-anatomical evidences as DNA sequences of their typesor topotypes remain unavailable.
Microbial 2-Cys Peroxiredoxins: Insights into Their Complex Physiological Roles
Toledano, Michel B.,Huang, Bo Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2016 Molecules and cells Vol.39 No.1
The peroxiredoxins (Prxs) constitute a very large and highly conserved family of thiol-based peroxidases that has been discovered only very recently. We consider here these enzymes through the angle of their discovery, and of some features of their molecular and physiological functions, focusing on complex phenotypes of the gene mutations of the 2-Cys Prxs subtype in yeast. As scavengers of the low levels of $H_2O_2$ and as $H_2O_2$ receptors and transducers, 2-Cys Prxs have been highly instrumental to understand the biological impact of $H_2O_2$, and in particular its signaling function. 2-Cys Prxs can also become potent chaperone holdases, and unveiling the in vivo relevance of this function, which is still not established, should further increase our knowledge of the biological impact and toxicity of $H_2O_2$. The diverse molecular functions of 2-Cys Prx explain the often-hard task of relating them to peroxiredoxin genes phenotypes, which underscores the pleiotropic physiological role of these enzymes and complex biologic impact of $H_2O_2$.
Jesionek, Michel B.,Bahia, Ricardo G.,Hernandez-Kantun, Jazmin J.,Adey, Walter H.,Yoneshigue-Valentin, Yocie,Longo, Leila L.,Amado-Filho, Gilberto M. The Korean Society of Phycology 2016 ALGAE Vol.31 No.4
The Abrolhos Continental Shelf (ACS) encompasses the largest and richest coral reefs in the southern Atlantic Ocean. A taxonomic study of non-geniculate coralline algae (NGCA) from the region was undertaken using both morpho-anatomical and molecular data. Specimens of NGCA were collected in 2012 and 2014 from shallow reefs of the ACS. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using dataset of psbA DNA sequences from 16 specimens collected in the ACS and additional GenBank sequences of related NGCA species. Nine common tropical reef-building NGCA species were identified and described: Hydrolithon boergesenii, Lithophyllum kaiseri, Lithophyllum sp., Lithothamnion crispatum, Melyvonnea erubescens, Pneophyllum conicum, Porolithon onkodes, Sporolithon ptychoides, and Titanoderma prototypum. A key for species identification is also provided in this study. Our molecular phylogenetic analyses suggest that Lithophyllum sp. corresponds to a new species. Our study also confirms that Lithophyllum kaiseri is a new record in Brazil. The psbA sequences of Lithophyllum kaiseri and Melyvonnea erubescens matched with type specimens indirectly. The taxonomic identification of the remaining species was supported by morpho-anatomical evidences as DNA sequences of their types or topotypes remain unavailable.
Jensen, Joseph B.,Blakeslee, John P.,Gibson, Zachary,Lee, Hyun-chul,Cantiello, Michele,Raimondo, Gabriella,Boyer, Nathan,Cho, Hyejeon IOP Publishing 2015 The Astrophysical journal Vol.808 No.1
<P>We present new calibrations of the near-infrared (near-IR) surface brightness fluctuation (SBF) distance method for the F110W (J(110)) and F160W (H-160) bandpasses of the Wide Field Camera 3 Infrared Channel (WFC3/IR) on the Hubble Space Telescope. The calibrations are based on data for 16 early-type galaxies in the Virgo and Fornax clusters observed with WFC3/IR and are provided as functions of both the optical (g(475)-z(850)) and near-infrared (J(110)-H-160) colors. The scatter about the linear calibration relations for the luminous red galaxies in the sample is approximately 0.10 mag, corresponding to a statistical error of 5% in distance. Our results imply that the distance to any suitably bright elliptical galaxy can be measured with this precision out to about 80 Mpc in a single-orbit observation with WFC3/IR, making this a remarkably powerful instrument for extragalactic distances. The calibration sample also includes much bluer and lower-luminosity galaxies than previously used for IR SBF studies, revealing interesting population differences that cause the calibration scatter to increase for dwarf galaxies. Comparisons with single-burst population models show that as expected, the redder early-type galaxies contain old, metal-rich populations, while the bluer dwarf ellipticals contain a wider range of ages and lower metallicities than their more massive counterparts. Radial SBF gradients reveal that IR color gradients are largely an age effect; the bluer dwarfs typically have their youngest populations near their centers, while the redder giant ellipticals show only weak trends and in the opposite sense. Because of the population variations among bluer galaxies, distance measurements in the near-IR are best limited to red early-type galaxies. We conclude with some practical guidelines for using WFC3/IR to measure reliable SBF distances.</P>