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「 가다 , 오다 , 있다(行く , 來る , いる)」 의 존경어 형태의 고찰 : 소화후기(40 ~ 60) 년대을 중심으로
Mariko, Takahashi 한국일어일문학회 2001 日語日文學硏究 Vol.38 No.1
小論에서는, 주로 昭和40∼60년대의 大衆文藝作品에『行く·來る·いる』의 尊敬表現의 用例가 어떻게 나타나있는가, 그 實態에 대해서 考察해 보았다. 그 結果 다음과 같은 점이 確認되었다. ①本動詞·補助動詞 모두『行く·來る·いる』의 尊敬表現 가운데,「いらっしゃる」의用例가 가장 많았고, 本動詞는 67%, 補助動詞는 79%를 차지하고 있다. 이것은 高橋(2000)『開化期의 實態』및 高橋(1999)「明治20∼30年代의 實態』에서, 本動詞는 각각 33%, 補助動詞는 17%, 29%였던 것에 대조해 보아도, 대략120年間에「いらっしゃる」가 確固한 勢力 擴大를 이룬 것으로 推測된다. ②江戶時代後期에 多用되었던「おいでなさる·おいでだ」는 開化期의 27%·17%에서, 明治20∼30年代에는 각각 19%로 急速한 衰退를 보였고, 小論의 考察에서는 本動詞로서의 用例는 없었다. 단, 補助動詞 用法에서는 用例가 2例 抽出 되었지만, 2例 모두 話者는 老齡의 女性으로, 以後의 衰退가 推測된다. ③「おいでなさる·おいでだ」의 交替로서는,「おいでです·おいでになる·∼れる(られる)」가 서서히 勢力 範圍를 擴張하고 있지만, 그중에서도「∼れる(られる)」의 ,擡頭가 顯著하고, 開化期 및 明治20∼30年代에 本動詞 用法에서는 抽出되지 않았던 用例가 小論에서는 數的으로 적지만 抽出되었고, 本動詞·補助動詞 用法 모두「いらっしゃる」에 다음가는 位置를 차지하고 있다. 특히 純粹하게 歷史的인 觀点에서는 옹호할 여지가 없다는「おられる」는, 주로男性 話者에게 쓰이고 있고, 年齡層은 20代에서 年長者까지 그 폭이 넓다. 더욱이 補助動詞 用法의「∼ている」의 尊敬表現에서는 明治 30年代까지 약2%에 지나지 않았지만, 本稿에서는 14%까지 勢力 範圍를 넓히고 있다. ④『行く·來る·いる』의 尊敬語 表現의 主流라고 하는「いらっしゃる」의 連用形 形態는,「いらっしゃって,いらっしゃった」보다도 拗音·促音가 전부 탈락된「いらして, いらした」가 우세였고, 小論에서 본 本動詞 用法에서는 90%以上, 補助動詞에서는「『∼ている』의 尊敬表現에서만 抽出되었지만 85%를 상회하고 있다. 江戶語에서는「いらっしゃっ(て·た)」」「いらっしっ(て·た)」「いらしっ(て·た)」의 세가지 형태가 있다고 하나,「いらっしゃっ(て·た)」이외의 용법은 추출되지 않았다. 以上, 昭和40∼60年代의『行く·來る·いる』의 尊敬表現의 樣相을 考察해 보았지만, 어디까지나, 考察對象作品 範圍內의 結果이고, 여기서 얻은 尊敬表現 形式이 그대로 當時 一般의 實態나 實相을 反映하고 있는다고는 할수 없지만, 作家 自身이 그 時代를 살아간 言語使用者였다는 점에 힘입어, 앞으로 보다 正確하게 『行く·來る·いる』가 尊敬表現에서 차지하는 위치에 대해 진행하고 싶다.
Mariko Yamamoto,마창진 한국대기환경학회 2016 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.10 No.3
In order to deal with current environmental issues and their backgrounds, further development of current teaching methods and tools are essential. The result of questionnaire performed in this study indicates that the effect and the change of the perception of power generation in Japan after the great disaster of East Japan have caused many students (both high school and college students) to become interested in the energy situation. In the present study, we made an attempt to develop a model instrument of a thermal power plant that can be applied as a teaching tool for understanding of air pollutant forming as well as power generation. Our novel model tool consists of a body (30 cm width, 21 cm depth, and 41 cm height), a combustion chamber, two motors, a boiler, a voltmeter, and a chimney for measurement of exhaust gas. Using our novel hand-made power plant, we carried out some model experiments with learners (i.e. high school and college students). Through model experiments, students can be experienced not only about power generation but also about generation of air pollutants. In order to estimate the applicability of our novel instrument as an educational tool, we carried out the questionnaires before and after model experiments. More than 80% of educatees reported that it was very useful as a teaching tool for energy and environmental education. The results of questionnaires indicated that learners achieved a very deep understanding of the principles of power generation and the forming of air pollutants.
Mariko Kajima,Kaoru Minoshima 한국정밀공학회 2010 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.11 No.5
A high-resolution positioning system for linear encoder calibration was developed. The optical sources were stabilized to a femtosecond optical comb for high accuracy and direct traceability to the optical frequency comb. This system showed a control resolution of 17 pm by using an optical zooming interferometer. The stability of the stage was 4.5 nm at 200 seconds, which can be improved by easy modification of optical setup and lasers.
The Underlying Representation of the Tough Construction in English
( Mariko Saiki ) 한국언어정보학회 1998 국제 워크샵 Vol.1998 No.-
In this paper, we adopt the theoretical framework of Lexical-Functional Grammar (LFG) (Bresnan 1982a, Dalrymple et al 1995) and propose an analysis of the tough construction in English Our analysis is first presented as one which accounts for two kinds of tough sentences in English, I e those with a tough adjective complementing the copula be, and those with a tough noun complementing the copula be For this purpose, we briefly review Yamamoto (1996) and point out two problems One concerns the explanation of instances of tough sentences involving tough nouns, and the other, the syntax and semantics of the copular verb be and its complements Then we go on to present our analysis of the tough construction in English which overcomes difficulties in Yamamoto``s analysis Next, we discuss yet another kind of tough sentence, as noted in Suzuki (1976), where a PP appears as the complement of the copula be We point out that there are shared properties underlying the surface variations in the three kinds of tough sentences mentioned above.
( Mariko Higa ),( Yukie Fuse ),( Naoko Miyashita ),( Asami Fujitani ),( Kaoru Yamashita ),( Takamasa Ichijo ),( Seiichiro Aoe ),( Takahisa Hirose ) 한국임상영양학회 2019 Clinical Nutrition Research Vol.8 No.1
The effect of white rice (WR) mixed with high β-glucan-containing barley at 50% on improvement of postprandial blood glucose levels was assessed by meal tolerance test and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in 15 healthy subjects with normal glucose tolerance (age 31.6 ± 12.9 years old, 4 males and 11 females). A meal tolerance test (500 kcal) was conducted using 2 types of test meals: a test meal only with WR and a test meal WR mixed 50% barley, and the side dish was the same in both meals. Blood glucose levels of the subjects 180 minutes after ingestion of the test meals were compared. In addition, a CGM device was attached to the subjects for 2 days when the WR or barley as a staple food was provided 3 times a day for consecutive days, and the daily variation of glucose was investigated. The glucose levels 30 minutes after dietary loads and the area under the blood concentration-time curve over 180 minutes were significantly decreased in the barley consumption group. In CGM, 24-hour mean blood glucose and 24-hour standard deviation of blood glucose were also significantly decreased after ingestion of the barley. Postprandial glucose level elevation was suppressed by mixing high-β-glucan barley with WR in subjects with normal glucose tolerance.