Avoidable Burden of Risk Factors for Serious Road Traffic Crashes in Iran: A Modeling Study

Fatemeh Khosravi Shadmani,Kamyar Mansori,Manoochehr Karami,Farid Zayeri,Reza Khosravi Shadman,Shiva Mansouri Hanis,Hamid Soori 대한예방의학회 2017 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.50 No.2

Objectives: The aim of this study was to model the avoidable burden of the risk factors of road traffic crashes in Iran and to prioritize interventions to reduce that burden. Methods: The prevalence and the effect size of the risk factors were obtained from data documented by the traffic police of Iran in 2013. The effect size was estimated using an ordinal regression model. The potential impact fraction index was applied to calculate the avoidable burden in order to prioritize interventions. This index was calculated for theoretical, plausible, and feasible minimum risk level scenarios. The joint effects of the risk factors were then estimated for all the scenarios. Results: The highest avoidable burdens in the theoretical, plausible, and feasible minimum risk level scenarios for the non-use of child restraints on urban roads were 52.25, 28.63, and 46.67, respectively. In contrast, the value of this index for speeding was 76.24, 37.00, and 62.23, respectively, for rural roads. Conclusions: On the basis of the different scenarios considered in this research, we suggest focusing on future interventions to decrease the prevalence of speeding, the non-use of child restraints, the use of cell phones while driving, and helmet disuse, and the laws related to these items should be considered seriously.

Avoidable Burden of Risk Factors for Serious Road Traffic Crashes in Iran: A Modeling Study

Shadmani, Fatemeh Khosravi,Mansori, Kamyar,Karami, Manoochehr,Zayeri, Farid,Shadman, Reza Khosravi,Hanis, Shiva Mansouri,Soori, Hamid The Korean Society for Preventive Medicine 2017 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.50 No.2

Objectives: The aim of this study was to model the avoidable burden of the risk factors of road traffic crashes in Iran and to prioritize interventions to reduce that burden. Methods: The prevalence and the effect size of the risk factors were obtained from data documented by the traffic police of Iran in 2013. The effect size was estimated using an ordinal regression model. The potential impact fraction index was applied to calculate the avoidable burden in order to prioritize interventions. This index was calculated for theoretical, plausible, and feasible minimum risk level scenarios. The joint effects of the risk factors were then estimated for all the scenarios. Results: The highest avoidable burdens in the theoretical, plausible, and feasible minimum risk level scenarios for the non-use of child restraints on urban roads were 52.25, 28.63, and 46.67, respectively. In contrast, the value of this index for speeding was 76.24, 37.00, and 62.23, respectively, for rural roads. Conclusions: On the basis of the different scenarios considered in this research, we suggest focusing on future interventions to decrease the prevalence of speeding, the non-use of child restraints, the use of cell phones while driving, and helmet disuse, and the laws related to these items should be considered seriously.

DNA-Binding and Thermodynamic Parameters, Structure and Cytotoxicity of Newly Designed Platinum(II) and Palladium(II) Anti-Tumor Complexes

Mansouri-Torshizi, Hassan,Saeidifar, Maryam,Khosravi, Fatemeh,Divsalar, Adeleh,Saboury, Ali.Akbar,Ghasemi, Zahra Yekke Korean Chemical Society 2011 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.32 No.3

The complexes [Pd(bpy)(Hex-dtc)]$NO_3$ and [Pt(bpy)(Hex-dtc)]$NO_3$ (bpy is 2,2'-bipyridine and Hex-dtc is hexyldithiocarbamato ligands) were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis and spectroscopic studies. The cytotoxicity assay of the complexes has been performed on chronic myelogenous leukemia cell line, K562, at micromolar concentration. Both complexes showed cytotoxic activity far better than that of cisplatin under the same experimental conditions. The binding parameters of the complexes with calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) was investigated using UV-visible and fluorescence techniques. They show the ability of cooperatively intercalating in CT-DNA. Gel filtration studies demonstrated that platinum complex could cleave the DNA. In the interaction studies between the Pd(II) and Pt(II) complexes with CT-DNA, several binding and thermodynamic parameters have been determined, which may provide deeper insights into the mechanism of action of these types of complexes with nucleic acids.

DNA-Binding and Thermodynamic Parameters, Structure and Cytotoxicity of Newly Designed Platinum(II) and Palladium(II) Anti-Tumor Complexes

Hassan Mansouri-Torshizi,Maryam Saeidifar,Fatemeh Khosravi,Adeleh Divsalar,Ali.Akbar Saboury,Zahra Yekke Ghasemi 대한화학회 2011 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.32 No.3

The complexes [Pd(bpy)(Hex-dtc)]NO_3 and [Pt(bpy)(Hex-dtc)]NO_3 (bpy is 2,2'-bipyridine and Hex-dtc is hexyldithiocarbamato ligands) were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis and spectroscopic studies. The cytotoxicity assay of the complexes has been performed on chronic myelogenous leukemia cell line, K562, at micromolar concentration. Both complexes showed cytotoxic activity far better than that of cisplatin under the same experimental conditions. The binding parameters of the complexes with calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) was investigated using UV-visible and fluorescence techniques. They show the ability of cooperatively intercalating in CT-DNA. Gel filtration studies demonstrated that platinum complex could cleave the DNA. In the interaction studies between the Pd(II) and Pt(II) complexes with CT-DNA, several binding and thermodynamic parameters have been determined, which may provide deeper insights into the mechanism of action of these types of complexes with nucleic acids.

Geographic distribution of the incidence of colorectal cancer in Iran:

Fatemeh Khosravi Shadmani,Erfan Ayubi,Salman Khazaei,Mohadeseh Sani,Shiva Mansouri Hanis,Somayeh Khazaei,Mokhtar Soheylizad,Kamyar Mansori 한국역학회 2017 Epidemiology and Health Vol.39 No.-

OBJECTIVES: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the fourth most common cause of cancer death in the world. The aim of this study was to investigate the provincial distribution of the incidence of CRC across Iran. METHODS: This epidemiologic study used data from the National Cancer Registry of Iran and the Center for Disease Control and Prevention of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education of Iran. The average annual age-standardized rate (ASR) for the incidence of CRC was calculated for each province. RESULTS: We found that adenocarcinoma (not otherwise specified) was the most common histological subtype of CRC in males and females, accounting for 81.91 and 81.95% of CRC cases, respectively. Signet ring cell carcinoma was the least prevalent subtype of CRC in males and females and accounted for 1.5 and 0.94% of CRC cases, respectively. In patients aged 45 years or older, there was a steady upward trend in the incidence of CRC, and the highest ASR of CRC incidence among both males and females was in the age group of 80-84 years, with an ASR of 144.69 per 100,000 person-years for males and 119.18 per 100,000 person-years for females. The highest incidence rates of CRC in Iran were found in the central, northern, and western provinces. Provinces in the southeast of Iran had the lowest incidence rates of CRC. CONCLUSIONS: Wide geographical variation was found in the incidence of CRC across the 31 provinces of Iran. These variations must be considered for prevention and control programs for CRC, as well as for resource allocation purposes.

Prevalence of underweight and wasting in Iranian children aged below 5 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Moradi, Yousef,Shadmani, Fatemeh Khosravi,Mansori, Kamyar,Hanis, Shiva Mansouri,Khateri, Rozhin,Mirzaei, Hossein The Korean Pediatric Society 2018 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.61 No.8

Purpose: Wasting and underweight are the 2 main indicators of children's undernutrition. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of undernutrition at the national level in Iran. Methods: We performed a search for original articles published in international and Iranian databases including MEDLINE, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Scopus, CINHAL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), Scientific Information Database, Irandoc, Iranmedex, and Magiran during January 1989-August 2017. Seven keywords, in English and Persian, including malnutrition, protein energy malnutrition, growth disorders, underweight wasting, weight loss, children below 5 years old, and children, were used to search the databases. Results: Finally, 17 articles were included in the meta-analysis, based on which the prevalence of underweight and wasting in Iranian children were estimated to be 11% and 5%, respectively. The prevalence rates of underweight among children in the central, western, southern, and northern parts of Iran and at the national level were 24%, 5%, 20%, 17%, and 6%, respectively. The prevalence rates of wasting in the central, western, southern, and northern parts of Iran and at the national level were 9%, 4%, 11%, 5%, and 4%, respectively. Conclusion: Although the prevalence of underweight and wasting in Iran was low, some parts of the country showed high prevalence. The main reason behind this difference in the prevalence of malnutrition may be due to the level of development in different regions.

Prevalence, awareness, treatment, control, and risk factors of hypertension among adults: a cross-sectional study in Iran

Maryam Eghbali,Alireza Khosravi,Awat Feizi,Asieh Mansouri,Behzad Mahaki,Nizal Sarrafzadegan 한국역학회 2018 Epidemiology and Health Vol.40 No.-

OBJECTIVES: Hypertension (HTN) is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Considering the importance of this disease for public health, this study was designed in order to determine the prevalence, awareness, treatment, control, and risk factors of HTN in the Iranian adult population. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 2,107 residents of Isfahan, Iran. Samples were selected through multi-stage random cluster sampling in 2015-2016. The outcome variable was HTN, determined by measuring blood pressure in the right arm via a digital arm blood pressure monitor. Awareness, treatment, and control of HTN were assessed by a validated and reliable researcher-developed questionnaire. Other demographic and clinical variables were assessed via a demographic questionnaire. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of HTN was 17.3% (18.9 and 15.5% in men and women, respectively). The prevalence of HTN increased in both genders with age. The prevalence of awareness of HTN among people with HTN was 69.2%, of whom 92.4 and 59.9% were taking medication for HTN and had controlled HTN, respectively. Logistic regression identified age, body mass index, having diabetes and hyperlipidemia, and a positive family history of HTN as determinants of awareness of HTN. CONCLUSIONS: The results showed that HTN was highly prevalent in the community, especially in men and in middle-aged and older adults. Approximately 30.8% of patients were unaware of their disease, and there was less awareness among younger adults. Despite the high frequency of taking medication to treat HTN, it was uncontrolled in more than 40.1% of patients. Health policy-makers should therefore consider appropriate preventive and therapeutic strategies for these high-risk groups.

Dynamic enhancement of interleaved step-up/step-down DC-DC converters using passive damping networks

Geetha, E.,Maddah, M.,Mansouri Khosravi, M.,Kokabi, A.,Samavatian, V. The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2020 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.20 No.3

In this paper, a passive damping network between two stages of a cascaded DC-DC boost/buck interleaved converter was proposed to enhance the dynamic behavior. By this damping network, the right-half plane zeros in converter's transfer function are sufficiently departed from the left half-plane, which leads to more damped transient behavior. A frequency analysis illustrated the dynamic enhancement in the proposed converter. To validate the theoretical model under different related circumstances, experimental results are presented through implementing a prototype setup.

Prevalence of underweight and wasting in Iranian children aged below 5 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Yousef Moradi,Fatemeh Khosravi Shadmani,Kamyar Mansori,Shiva Mansouri Hanis,Rozhin Khateri,Hossein Mirzaei 대한소아청소년과학회 2018 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.61 No.8

Purpose: Wasting and underweight are the 2 main indicators of children’s undernutrition. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of undernutrition at the national level in Iran. Methods: We performed a search for original articles published in international and Iranian databases including MEDLINE, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Scopus, CINHAL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), Scientific Information Database, Irandoc, Iranmedex, and Magiran during January 1989–August 2017. Seven keywords, in English and Persian, including malnutrition, protein energy malnutrition, growth disorders, underweight wasting, weight loss, children below 5 years old, and children, were used to search the databases. Results: Finally, 17 articles were included in the meta-analysis, based on which the prevalence of underweight and wasting in Iranian children were estimated to be 11% and 5%, respectively. The prevalence rates of underweight among children in the central, western, southern, and northern parts of Iran and at the national level were 24%, 5%, 20%, 17%, and 6%, respectively. The prevalence rates of wasting in the central, western, southern, and northern parts of Iran and at the national level were 9%, 4%, 11%, 5%, and 4%, respectively. Conclusion: Although the prevalence of underweight and wasting in Iran was low, some parts of the country showed high prevalence. The main reason behind this difference in the prevalence of malnutrition may be due to the level of development in different regions.

Role of physical activity in mortality prediction in elderly hospice patients : the methodological issues

Kamyar Mansori,Fatemeh Khosravi Shadmani,Shiva Mansouri Hanis,Salman Khazaei 한국운동재활학회 2017 JER Vol.13 No.4