Switching to Aflibercept in Diabetic Macular Edema after Unsatisfactory Response to Other Anti-vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Drugs

Walid S. Ibrahim,Zeiad H. Eldaly,Mahmoud F. Rateb,Ahmed H. Aldoghaimy,Mohamed G. Saleh 대한안과학회 2019 Korean Journal of Ophthalmology Vol.33 No.2

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of switching to aflibercept in diabetic macular edema (DME) with suboptimalresponse to previous anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injections. Methods: A prospective interventional case series study recruited patients from a single center diagnosedwith DME with suboptimal response to anti-VEGF injections. Three consecutive monthly injections of afliberceptwere performed. The primary outcome measure was mean change in visual acuity after switching toaflibercept. Results: Forty-two patients (42 eyes) were included. Baseline logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution(logMAR) visual acuity was 0.87 ± 0.23 and improved significantly to 0.62 ± 0.29, 0.56 ± 0.34, and 0.46 ±0.35 at 1, 2, and 3 months, respectively, after the first injection. Mean baseline retinal thickness was 451.57± 107.09 μm and decreased significantly at 1, 2, and 3 months after switching to aflibercept (346.52 ± 79.03,328.24 ± 81.98, and 313.71 ± 85.79 μm, respectively). Both visual improvement and mean change in retinalthickness were significant in patients with pre-aflibercept best-corrected visual acuity less than 1.0 logMARbut were not significant in patients with best-corrected visual acuity more than 1.0 logMAR. Conclusions: Switching to aflibercept in DME patients with an unsatisfactory response to previous anti-VEGFinjections provided acceptable short-term visual and retinal architectural improvement.

Enhanced MPR Selection Strategy for Multicast OLSR

Matter, Safaa S.,Al Shaikhli, Imad F.,Hashim, Aisha H.A.,Ahmed, Abdelmoty M.,Khattab, Mahmoud M. International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2022 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.22 No.10

Wireless community networks (WCNs) are considered another form of ownership of internet protocol (IP) networks, where community members manage and own every piece of equipment in a decentralized way, and routing for traffic is done in a cooperative manner. However, the current routing protocols for WCNs suffer from stability and scalability issues. In this paper, an enhanced routing protocol is proposed based on the optimized link state routing (OLSR) protocol to meet the standards of efficiency in terms of stability and scalability. The proposed routing protocol is enhanced through two phases: multicasting expansion and multipoint relay (MPR) selection based on an analytical hierarchical process (AHP). The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed routing protocol outperforms the OLSR protocol in terms of network control overhead and packet delivery ratio by 18% and 1% respectively.

The influence of BaO on the mechanical and gamma / fast neutron shielding properties of lead phosphate glasses

Mahmoud, K.A.,El-Agawany, F.I.,Tashlykov, O.L.,Ahmed, Emad M.,Rammah, Y.S. Korean Nuclear Society 2021 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.53 No.11

The mechanical features evaluated theoretically using Makishima-Mackenzie's model for glasses xBaO-(50-x) PbO-50P₂O₅ where x = 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, and 50 mol%. Wherefore, the elastic characteristics; Young's, bulk, shear, and longitudinal modulus calculated. The obtained result showed an increase in the calculated values of elastic moduli with the replacement of the PbO by BaO contents. Moreover, the Poisson ratio, micro-hardness, and the softening temperature calculated for the investigated glasses. Besides, gamma and neutron shielding ability evaluated for the barium doped lead phosphate glasses. Monte Caro code (MCNP-5) and the Phy-X/PSD program applied to estimate the mass attenuation coefficient of the studied glasses. The decrease in the PbO ratio has a negative effect on the MAC. The highest MAC decreased from 65.896 cm²/g to 32.711 cm²/g at 0.015 MeV for BPP0 and BPP7, respectively. The calculated values of EBF and EABF showed that replacement of PbO with BaO contents in the studied BPP glasses helps to reduce the number of photons accumulated inside the studied BPP glasses.

Use of Capparis decidua Extract as a Green Inhibitor for Pure Aluminum Corrosion in Acidic Media

Nezar Al-Bataineh,Mahmoud A. Al-Qudah,Sultan Abu-Orabi,Tareq Bataineh,Rasha S. Hamaideh,Idrees F. Al-Momani,Ahmed K. Hijazi 한국부식방식학회 2022 Corrosion Science and Technology Vol.21 No.1

The aim of this paper is to study corrosion inhibition of Aluminum with Capparis decidua extract. The study was performed in a 1.0 M solution of hydrochloric acid (HCl) and was monitored both by measuring mass loss and by using electrochemical and polarization methods. A scanning electron microscopy (SEM) technique was also applied for surface morphology analysis. The results revealed high inhibition efficiency of Capparis decidua extract. Our data also determined that efficiency is governed by temperature and concentration of extract. Optimum (88.2%) inhibitor efficiency was found with maximum extract concentration at 45 oC. The results also showed a slight diminution of aluminum dissolution when the temperature is low. Based on the Langmuir adsorption model, Capparis decidua adsorption on the aluminum surface shows a high regression coefficient value. From the results, the activation enthalpy (ΔH#) and activation entropy (ΔS#) were estimated and discussed. In conclusion, the study clearly shows that Capparis decidua extract acted against aluminum corrosion in acidic media by forming a protective film on top of the aluminum surface.

Enhancement of chronic wound healing with maltodextrin/ascorbic acid gel: a clinical evaluation of distal limb wounds in horses

Ibrahim E. Helal,Hatim A. Al-Abbadi,Mohamed H. El-Daharawy,Mahmoud F. Ahmed 한국축산학회 2022 한국축산학회지 Vol.64 No.5

Delayed healing associated with distal limb wounds is highly challenging in equine clinicalpractice. This study aimed to evaluate healing rates between chronic non-granulatingwounds of horse distal limbs that were treated with maltodextrin/ascorbic acid gel alone orin combination with povidone-iodine 1% solution and those treated with povidone-iodine 1%only throughout the study period (35 days) in clinical settings. The study was conducted on18 adult horses (3–15 years old). Based on the treatment regimen utilized, the horses weredivided into three groups (n = 6), with each group having a similar mean wound area. Thepercentages of wound contraction, epithelialization, and overall wound healing were determinedweekly for each wound. By the end of the study, the total wound healing percentagewas significantly increased between the study groups (p < 0.05). The use of maltodextrin/ascorbic acid gel resulted in considerable wound contraction, rapid epithelialization, and complication-free wound healing. Based on the findings of this study, maltodextrin/ascorbic acidgel, independently or in combination with a 1% povidone-iodine solution, might be applied asa safe and effective wound healing promoting agent in horses with chronic non-granulatingwounds.

Analysis of thermo-rheologically complex structures with geometrical nonlinearity

Mahmoud, Fatin F.,El-Shafei, Ahmed G.,Attia, Mohamed A. Techno-Press 2013 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.47 No.1

A finite element computational procedure for the accurate analysis of quasistatic thermorheological complex structures response is developed. The geometrical nonlinearity, arising from large displacements and rotations (but small strains), is accounted for by the total Lagrangian description of motion. The Schapery's nonlinear single-integral viscoelastic constitutive model is modified for a time-stress-temperature-dependent behavior. The nonlinear thermo-viscoelastic constitutive equations are incrementalized leading to a recursive relationship and thereby the resulting finite element equations necessitate data storage from the previous time step only, and not the entire deformation history. The Newton-Raphson iterative scheme is employed to obtain a converged solution for the non-linear finite element equations. The developed numerical model is verified with the previously published works and a good agreement with them is found. The applicability of the developed model is demonstrated by analyzing two examples with different thermal/mechanical loading histories.

Biological Screening of Novel Derivatives of Valproic Acid for Anticancer and Antiangiogenic Properties

Farooq, Muhammad,El-Faham, Ayman,Khattab, Sherine N.,Elkayal, Ahmed M.,Ibrahim, Mahmoud F.,Taha, Nael Abu,Baabbad, Almohannad,Wadaan, Mohammad A.M.,Hamed, Ezaat A. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.18

Background: Valproic acid (VPA) is a potent anticancer and antiangiogenic agent. However, design and synthesis of chemical derivatives with improved antiangiogenic and anticancer activities are still necessary. In this study a library of novel derivatives of VPA was synthesized and tested. Methods: A human liver cancer cell line (HepG2) and a human normal embryonic kidney cell line (HEK 293) were exposed to various concentrations of VPA derivatives for 24 hours and cell viability was checked by MTT colorimetric assay. Anti-angiogenic properties were evaluated in transgenic zebrafish embryos. Results: N-valproylglycine derivatives suppressed survival almost 70% (p value 0.001) in HepG2 cells but only 10-12% in HEK 293 cells (p value 0.133). They also suppressed angiogenic blood vessel formation by 80% when used between $2-20{\mu}M$ in zebrafish embryos. Valproic acid hydrazides showed moderate level of anticancer activity by affecting 30-50% (p value 0.001) of cell viability in HepG2 cells and 8-10% in HEK293 cells (p value 0.034). Conclusion: The majority of compounds in this study showed potent and stronger antiangiogenic and anticancer activity than VPA. They proved selectively toxic to cancer cells and safer for normal cells. Moreover, these compounds inhibited developmental angiogenesis in zebrafish embryos. Based on the fact that liver is a highly vascularized organ, in case of liver carcinoma these compounds have the potential to target the pathological angiogenesis and could be an effective strategy to treat hepatocellular carcinoma.

Combined experimental and DFT-TDDFT characterization studies of crystalline mesoporous-assembled [ZrO2]NPs and [DPPP+Gly/ZrO2]C nanocomposite thin film

Ahmed F. Al-Hossainy,Amal Y. Sediq,Safwat A. Mahmoud 대한금속·재료학회 2021 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.17 No.2

[(Z)-2-((1,3-bis(diphenyl phosphaneyl) propylidene) amino) acetic acid/Zirconium oxide nanoparticles] composites thin film[DPPP + Gly/ZrO2]C is synthesized by utilizing physical vapor deposition (PVD) with a speed rate of 2000 rpm/30 s. Theoptimization of the samples was performed using density functional theory (DFT) by DMol3 and Cambridge Serial TotalEnergy Package (CASTEP) program. The [DPPP + Gly/ZrO2]C nanocomposite thin film is examined by different techniquesincluding scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1HNMR),and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR). The [DPPP + Gly/ZrO2]C nanocomposite thin film with the thickness (150 ± 5 nm)is fabricated at optimization conditions. The optical constants (refractive index, n() , extinction coefficient, k() , dielectricconstants ( 1() and 2() ) and optical conductivity ( 1() and 2() )) for [DPPP + Gly/ZrO2]C nanocomposite thin film arecomputed and compared by using experiment and CATSTEP methods. The optical properties of simulated FTIR, XRD,and CATSTEP of the considered fiber nanocomposites are in somewhat compatible with the experimental study. The nanonanocomposite thin films present a promising result to be a good candidate for optoelectronics and solar cell applications.

Synthesis, characterization, and in vitro antifungal activity of anionic and nonionic surfactants against crop pathogenic fungi

AHMED SALAH MAHMOUD TAWFIK,Mohamed F. Zaky,Tahany G.M. Mohammad,Hanaa A.E. Attia 한국공업화학회 2015 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.29 No.-

Fungi have long been identified as causal agents of plant diseases. The development of plant antifungalactivity was attempted by synthesis of a new type of anionic and nonionic surfactant. The surfaceproperties were studied, including critical micelle concentration (CMC), effectiveness (pcmc), maximumsurface excess (Gmax), and minimum surface area (Amin). Free energy of micellization and adsorption wascalculated (DG8mic and DG8ads). The antifungal activity of the prepared surfactants was verified in vitro bythe poisoned food technique against eight phytopathogenic fungi: Colletotrichum dematium, Drechslerahawaiiensis, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani, Humicola fuscoatra, Pestalotia laurocerasi, Phoma spp.,and Phytophthra. The results reported that the percentage inhibition of mycelial growth increases withincreasing concentrations of the surfactant for all fungal species used. These results indicated that thesurfactant inhibited the mycelial growth of all fungal species in a dose-dependent manner. Blendsurfactants have a potential antifungal effect for the control of some phytopathogenic fungi.

Analysis of thermo-rheologically complex structures with geometrical nonlinearity

Fatin F. Mahmoud,Ahmed G. El-Shafei,Mohamed A. Attia 국제구조공학회 2013 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.47 No.1

A finite element computational procedure for the accurate analysis of quasistatic thermorheological complex structures response is developed. The geometrical nonlinearity, arising from large displacements and rotations (but small strains), is accounted for by the total Lagrangian description of motion. The Schapery’s nonlinear single-integral viscoelastic constitutive model is modified for a timestress-temperature-dependent behavior. The nonlinear thermo-viscoelastic constitutive equations are incrementalized leading to a recursive relationship and thereby the resulting finite element equations necessitate data storage from the previous time step only, and not the entire deformation history. The Newton-Raphson iterative scheme is employed to obtain a converged solution for the non-linear finite element equations. The developed numerical model is verified with the previously published works and a good agreement with them is found. The applicability of the developed model is demonstrated by analyzing two examples with different thermal/mechanical loading histories.