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Liu Hong Bo,Li Xin Xia,Xiao Zheng Yao,Zhang Ding Zong,Sun Ai Ping 한국물리학회 2021 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.79 No.12
The helicon wave heating and current drive in the HL-2M tokamak for the steady-state scenario is studied numerically. Based on the theory of fast wave current drive proposed by Chiu, we analyze the characteristics of helicon waves damping for the HL-2M tokamak. For wave frequencies larger than 420 MHz, strong wave damping occurs, and electron Landau damping is dominant. Moreover, a strong wave absorption region associated with the dimensionless parameters βe and ξe that depend on the wave frequency is obtained. The helicon wave propagation and current drive are simulated using the GENRAY/CQL3D code. The results show that an off-axis current drive with profiles peak at ρ ∼ 0.4 can be generally received at a wave frequency f ∼ 500 MHz and the launched parallel refractive index n∕∕ = 3.8 and that the current drive efficiency reaches up to ∼140 kA/MW. A scan of n∕∕ showed that both the current drive profile peak and the generated current could be adjusted by changing the launched n∕∕ . Finally, a feasible scheme for the helicon wave off-axis current drive in the HL-2M tokamak is proposed.
( Bo Wen Liu ),( Shang Feng Liu ),( Shan He ),( Ying Zhao ),( Hong Xia Hu ),( Zhao Wang ) 생화학분자생물학회 2005 BMB Reports Vol.38 No.2
Gonadogenesis is a complicated process which involves multi-gene interactions. A rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) gene spermatogenesis associated 4 (SPATA4) was cloned and characterized from adult rainbow trout testis. The cDNA sequence of rainbow trout SPATA4 contains an open reading frame of 1, 081 nucleatides encoding a putative protein of 259 amino acids. The putative protein from rainbow trout shares a 76.8% homology with zebrafish SPATA4. No trans-membrane regions or signal peptide were detected using bioinformatics methods. Subcellular localization analysis revealed that rainbow trout SPATA4 was a nuclear protein with highest possibility (39.1%). Multi-tissue reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) was performed to examine the distribution of rainbow trout SPATA4 in eleven organs of adult rainbow trout. The result demonstrated that this gene express specifically in testis and slight amount of expression was detected in ovary. Further analysis of SPATA4 characterization and function in rainbow trout may provide insight into the understanding of gonadogenesis process.
Optimization of helicon wave current drive in HL-2M tokamak
Liu Hong Bo,Liu Guan Nan,Sun Ai Ping,Xiao Zheng Yao,Li Xin Xia 한국물리학회 2022 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.81 No.5
Helicon waves have been proposed for efcient of-axis current drive in high-performance tokamaks. The HL-2M tokamak will be operated with high plasma beta approaching to 훽N ∼ 4.0%, which provides a good platform to apply helicon wave system in the machine. Based on the helicon wave dispersion relation, efects of electron Landau damping and transit time magnetic pumping on wave absorption are analyzed according to the HL-2M plasma, and then, an optimized scheme of helicon wave parameter is proposed. The evolution of helicon wave electric feld and produced current drive are calculated by the AORSA full-wave code. It shows that current drive efciency of 100 kA/MW can be generally received in the machine. Moreover, the AORSA results are actively benchmarked with the ray-tracing code, and the results show a good consistency. Finally, the numerical convergence and the consumption of computation resources on grid point numbers in AORSA code are discussed.
Steel Bridge Construction of Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macao Bridge
Wen-bo Gao,Quan-ke Su,Jin-wen Zhang,Hong-bing Xie,Feng Wen,Fang Li,Ji-zhu Liu 한국강구조학회 2020 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.20 No.5
The 55-km-long Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macao Bridge (HZMB) is the world’s longest sea-crossing bridge, connecting Hong Kong with Zhuhai and Macao at the mouth of the Pearl River Estuary in China, comprising 22.9-km-long steel bridges. HZMB is the leading steel bridge in China, with top-level manufacturing and installation technology. This paper outlines the steel bridge construction experiences of HZMB to provide comparisons for the construction of other long sea-crossing steel bridges at home or abroad. The main considerations of construction constraints, scheme selection, structural and aesthetic design of HZMB are presented, and the following points related to new strategies in the steel bridge construction of HZMB are elaborated: (1) construction quality assurance, (2) automatic manufacturing technology, (3) large segment off shore installation, (4) eco-friendly paint (content limitation of volatile organic compounds) and new multifunctional inspection gantry, and (5) Guss Mastic Asphalt steel deck pavement system. The successful implementation of those strategies shows that the steel bridge construction of HZMB promotes improvement in the overall construction and management level of the Chinese bridge industry. The advanced experience of HZMB has opened up broad prospects for the design and construction of off shore bridge engineering in China.
Decrease of ceramides with ultra long-chain fatty acids in psoriasis model
( Bo-kyung Kim ),( Hee Seok Seo ),( Jong Cheol Shon ),( Kwang-hyeon Liu ),( Jong-won Lee ),( Sung Ku Ahn ),( Seung Phil Hong ) 한국피부장벽학회 2020 한국피부장벽학회지 Vol.22 No.2
Perturbed skin barrier function is the key features of psoriasis. As ceramides(CERs) with long-chain fatty acids(FAs) in the stratum corneum(SC) is important for the skin barrier functions, robust skin barrier can be expected when the process of fatty acid elongation is properly carried out. Here, we aimed to identify the alteration of FA chain length of CERs and lipid synthetic enzymes including elongases(ELOVLs) on the imiquimod(IMQ)-induced psoriasis murine model, human psoriasis skin and in-vitro cell culture. And we also investigated whether IFN-γ may induce the alteration of various enzymes and transcription factors related in biosynthesis of long-chain CERs. Psoriasis-like murine model were induced in BALB/c mice with topical applications of IMQ for 5 days. Human stratum corneum(SC) were collected from 12 subjects with psoriasis. To examine the alteration of FA lengths of CERs, each species of CERs were quantified in of the control and IMQ-treated mice by using LC-MS. We found that portion of free CERs with C26 FA moieties was significantly decreased in IMQ-treated group. And this was also obvious in human SC with psoriasis. We also found that free CERs with C26 or longer FAs and bound CERs C35 or longer FA were significantly decreased suggesting that profiles of FA lengths of CERs shifted toward shorter chain in IMQ-treated murine model. When, we investigate various enzymes affecting the alteration of FA lengths by using quantitative RT-PCR, the expression of ELOVL1, ELOVL4, CerS3 were downregulated whereas ELOVL3 were upregulated in IMQ-treated group. These enzymatic changes may cause impairment in synthesis of CERs with ultra long-chain FAs. We further investigated the role of IFN-γ, a prominent cytokine in psoriasis on various factors involved in FA elongation of the CERs. After normal human epidermal keratinocytes(NHEKs) were stimulated with IFN-γ, expression of ELOVL1, ELOVL4 and CerS3 were significantly reduced. Also, the expression of PPARs, LXR and SREBPs, important transcriptional regulators of ELOVLs and CerSs, were significantly reduced in IFN-treated NHEKs. Thus, we suggest that the expression of factors critical to epidermal differentiation and lipid synthesis is downregulated by IFN-γ in psoriasis, which may affect ceramide chain length and then barrier function.
Bo Wang,Yun Su,Qun Yang,Decheng Lv,Wei-Guo Zhang,Kai Tang,Hong Wang,Rui Zhang,Yang Liu 한국분자세포생물학회 2015 Molecules and cells Vol.38 No.5
Human osteosarcoma usually presented a high tendency to metastatic spread and caused poor outcomes, however, the underlying mechanism was still largely unknown. In the present study, using a series of in vitro experiments and an animal model, we investigated the roles of HOX antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) during the proliferation and invasion of osteosarcoma. According with our results, HOTAIR was commonly overexpressed in osteosarcoma, which significantly correlated with advanced tumor stage, highly histological grade and poor prognosis. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that knockdown of HOTAIR could notably suppress cellular proliferation, inhibit invasion and decrease the secretion of MMP2 and MMP9 in osteosarcoma. Collectively, our results suggested that HOTAIR might be a potent therapeutic target for osteosarcoma.
Containment Control of Multi-agent Systems with Time-delays over Heterogeneous Networks
Bo Li,Hong-yong Yang,Zeng-qiang Chen,Zhong-Xin Liu 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2019 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.17 No.10
Containment control problems for second-order multi-agent systems with fixed communication timedelays under heterogeneous networks topologies are investigated. Based on Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional method and the linear matrix inequality (LMI) method, sufficient conditions on the communication digraph, the feedback gains, and the allowed upper bound of the time-delays to ensure containment control of the multi-agent systems using the different containment control algorithms are given. Finally, numerical simulations are presented to demonstrate theoretical results.
Bo Wang,Yun Su,Qun Yang,Decheng Lv,Wei-Guo Zhang,Kai Tang,Hong Wang,Rui Zhang,Yang Liu 한국분자세포생물학회 2020 Molecules and cells Vol.43 No.10
Retraction Note: Mol. Cells 2015; 38(5): 432-440 https://doi.org/10.14348/molcells.2015.2327 This article has been retracted at the request of the corresponding author of this paper with the consent of the other authors. The authors sincerely apologize for any inconvenience this retraction may have caused.
Thermoviscoelastic dynamic response for a composite material thin narrow strip
Hong-Liang Dai,Li-Li Qi,Hai-Bo Liu 대한기계학회 2015 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.29 No.2
Based on von Karman nonlinear strain-displacement relationships and classical thin plate theory, a list of nonlinear dynamic equilibriumequations for a viscoelastic composite material thin narrow strip under thermal and mechanic loads are deduced. According to thematerial constitutive relationship and the relaxation modulus in the form of the Prony series, combing with the Newmark method and theNewton-cotes integration method, a new numerical algorithm for direct solving the whole problem in the time domain is established. Byapplying this numerical algorithm, the viscoelastic composite material thin narrow strip as the research subject is analyzed systematically,and its rich dynamical behaviors are revealed comprehensively. To verify the accuracy of the present work, a comparison is made withpreviously published results. Finally, the viscoelastic composite material thin narrow strip under harmonic excitation load and impactload are discussed in detail, and many valuable thermoviscoelastic dynamic characteristics are revealed.