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Trans-separability in the strict and compact-open topologies
Liaqat Ali Khan 대한수학회 2008 대한수학회보 Vol.45 No.4
We give a characterization of trans-separability for the function spaces (Cb(X,E), β), (C(X,E), k) and (Cb(X,E), u) in the case of E any general topological vector space. We give a characterization of trans-separability for the function spaces (Cb(X,E), β), (C(X,E), k) and (Cb(X,E), u) in the case of E any general topological vector space.
TRANS-SEPARABILITY IN THE STRICT AND COMPACT-OPEN TOPOLOGIES
Khan, Liaqat Ali Korean Mathematical Society 2008 대한수학회보 Vol.45 No.4
We give a characterization of trans-separability for the function spaces ($C_b(X,\;E)$, $\beta$), (C(X, E), k) and ($C_b(X,\;E)$, u) in the case of E any general topological vector space.
Afed Ullah Khan Waqar Ahmad,Muhammad Far Fayaz Ahmad Khan,Baig Ammar Ahmad,Shah Liaqat Ali,Khan Jehanzeb 한국대기환경학회 2020 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.14 No.2
Precipitation, air temperature and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data of 32 sites for a period of 1983 to till date in Pakistan were collected with the objective of studying the effects of vegetation on precipitation and air temperature in Pakistan. Spatial trends were assessed for NDVI, precipitation and air temperature (maximum and minimum). Increasing trends were observed at 18, 20, 24 and 26 number of monitoring stations for NDVI, precipitation and maximum and minimum temperature respectively. The trends of NDVI were compared with the trends of precipitation and maximum and minimum temperature in hilly and urban areas. NDVI and precipitation showed parallel trends in hilly areas at 64% of the monitoring stations. Whereas, only 53% of the stations displayed parallel trends in urban areas. 71% of the stations showed opposite NDVI and maximum temperature trends and 79% of the stations showed opposite NDVI and minimum temperature trends in hilly areas. However, in urban areas only 47% and 41% of the stations showed opposite trends of NDVI and maximum temperature and NDVI and minimum temperature respectively. Pearson’s correlation coefficients were calculated to determine the effects of vegetation on precipitation and air temperature (maximum and minimum) in hilly and urban areas. The results showed that there exists positive relationship between NDVI and precipitation and negative relationship between NDVI and temperature (maximum and minimum) in most of the hilly areas. However, in urban areas, the positive relationship between NDVI and precipitation exists only in 47% of the stations and negative relationships between NDVI and maximum temperature and between NDVI and minimum temperature exist only in 47% and 41% of the stations respectively. Results of the current study suggest afforestation practices at country level to reduce climate change effects.
Liaqat Ali,Muhammad Shahzad,Nasir Orakzai,Ihsanullah Khan,Mubashira Ahmad 대한비뇨의학회 2015 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.56 No.9
Purpose: To determine the efficacy of mitomycin C in reducing the recurrence of anterior urethral stricture after internal optical urethrotomy (IOU). Materials and Methods: This was a randomized controlled trial conducted in the Department of Urology at the Institute of Kidney Diseases Peshawar from March 2011 to December 2013. A total of 151 patients who completed the study were divided into two groups by the lottery method. Group A (cases) comprised 78 patients in whom mitomycin C 0.1% was injected submucosally in the stricture after conventional IOU. Group B (controls) comprised 73 patients in whom IOU only was performed. Self-clean intermittent catheterization was not offered in either group. All patients were regularly followed up for 18 months. Recurrence was diagnosed by use of retrograde urethrogram in all patients and flexible urethroscopy in selected cases. Data were collected on a structured pro forma sheet and were analyzed by SPSS. Results: The mean age of the patients in group A was 37.31±10.1 years and that in group B was 40.1±11.4 years. Recurrence of urethral stricture was recorded in 11 patients (14.1%) in group A and in 27 patients (36.9%) in group B (p=0.002). The mitomycin group also showed a delay in recurrence compared with the control group (p=0.002). Conclusions: Recurrence of urethral stricture is high after optical urethrotomy. Mitomycin C was found to be highly effective in preventing the recurrence of urethral stricture after IOU.
Abdul Latif Khan,Muhammad Waqas,강상모,Ahmed Al-Harrasi,Javid Hussain,Ahmed Al-Rawahi,Salima Al-Khiziri,Ihsan Ullah,Liaqat Ali,정희영,이인중 한국미생물학회 2014 The journal of microbiology Vol.52 No.8
Plant growth promoting endophytic bacteria have been identifiedas potential growth regulators of crops. Endophyticbacterium, Sphingomonas sp. LK11, was isolated from theleaves of Tephrosia apollinea. The pure culture of Sphingomonassp. LK11 was subjected to advance chromatographicand spectroscopic techniques to extract and isolate gibberellins(GAs). Deuterated standards of [17, 17-2H2]-GA4,[17, 17-2H2]-GA9 and [17, 17-2H2]-GA20 were used to quantifythe bacterial GAs. The analysis of the culture broth ofSphingomonas sp. LK11 revealed the existence of physiologicallyactive gibberellins (GA4: 2.97 ± 0.11 ng/ml) and inactiveGA9 (0.98 ± 0.15 ng/ml) and GA20 (2.41 ± 0.23). Theendophyte also produced indole acetic acid (11.23 ± 0.93μM/ml). Tomato plants inoculated with endophytic Sphingomonassp. LK11 showed significantly increased growth attributes(shoot length, chlorophyll contents, shoot, and rootdry weights) compared to the control. This indicated thatsuch phyto-hormones-producing strains could help in increasingcrop growth.
Ullah, Ihsan,Khan, Abdul Latif,Ali, Liaqat,Khan, Abdur Rahim,Waqas, Muhammad,Hussain, Javid,Lee, In-Jung,Shin, Jae-Ho Microbiological Society of Korea 2015 The journal of microbiology Vol.53 No.2
<P>The Photorhabdus temperata M1021 secretes toxic compounds that kill their insect hosts by arresting immune responses. Present study was aimed to purify the insecticidal and antimicrobial compound(s) from the culture extract of P. temperata M1021 through bioassay guided fractionation. An ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extract of the P. temperata M1021 exhibited 100% mortality in Galleria mellonella larvae within 72 h. In addition, EtOAc extract and bioactive compound 1 purified form the extract through to column chromatography, showed phenol oxidase inhibition up to 60% and 80% respectively. The analysis of H-1 and C-13 NMR spectra revealed the identity of pure compound as 'benzaldehyde'. The benzaldehyde showed insecticidal activity against G. mellonella in a dose-dependent manner and 100% insect mortality was observed at 108 h after injection of 8 mM benzaldehyde. In a PO inhibition assay, 4, 6, and 8 mM concentrations of benzaldehyde were found to inhibit PO activity about 15%, 42%, and 80% respectively. In addition, nodule formation was significantly (P < 0.05) inhibited by 4, 6, and 8 mM of benzaldehyde as compare to control. Moreover, benzaldehyde was found to have great antioxidant activity and maximum antioxidant activity was 52.9% at 8 mM benzaldehyde as compare to control. Antimicrobial activity was assessed by MIC values ranged from 6 mM 10 mM for bacterial strains and 8 mM to 10 mM for fungal strains. The results suggest that benzaldehyde could be applicable for developing novel insecticide for agriculture use.</P>
Characterization and Comparative Evaluation of Milk Protein Variants from Pakistani Dairy Breeds
Iqra Yasmin,Rabia Iqbal,Atif Liaqat,Wahab Ali Khan,Muhamad Nadeem,Aamir Iqbal,Muhammad Farhan Jahangir Chughtai,Syed Junaid Ur Rehman,Saima Tehseen,Tariq Mehmood,Samreen Ahsan,Saira Tanweer,Saima Naz 한국축산식품학회 2020 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.40 No.5
The aim of study was to scrutinize the physicochemical and protein profile of milk obtained from local Pakistani breeds of milch animals such as Nilli-Ravi buffalo, Sahiwal cow, Kajli sheep, Beetal goat and Brela camel. Physicochemical analysis unveiled maximum number of total solids and protein found in sheep and minimum in camel. Buffalo milk contains the highest level of fat (7.45%) while camel milk contains minimum (1.94%). Ash was found maximum in buffalo (0.81%) and sheep (0.80%) while minimum in cow’s milk (0.71%). Casein and whey proteins were separated by subjecting milk to isoelectric pH and then analyzed through sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The results showed heterogeneity among these species. Different fractions including αS1, αS2, κ-casein, β-casein and β-lactoglobulen (β-Lg) were identified and quantitatively compared in all milk samples. Additionally, this electrophoretic method after examining the number and strength of different protein bands (αS1, αS2, β- CN, α-LAC, BSA, and β-Lg, etc.), was helpful to understand the properties of milk for different processing purposes and could be successfully applied in dairy industry. Results revealed that camel milk was best suitable for producing allergen free milk protein products. Furthermore, based on the variability of milk proteins, it is suggested to clarify the phylogenetic relationships between different cattle breeds and to gather the necessary data to preserve the genetic fund and biodiversity of the local breeds. Thus, the study of milk protein from different breed and species has a wide range of scope in producing diverse protein based dairy products like cheese.