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Negative Regulation of Hypoxic Responses via Induced Reptin Methylation
Lee, Jason S.,Kim, Yunho,Kim, Ik Soo,Kim, Bogyou,Choi, Hee June,Lee, Ji Min,Shin, Hi-Jai R.,Kim, Jung Hwa,Kim, Ji-Young,Seo, Sang-Beom,Lee, Ho,Binda, Olivier,Gozani, Or,Semenza, Gregg L.,Kim, Minhyung Elsevier 2010 Molecular cell Vol.39 No.1
<P><B>Summary</B></P><P>Lysine methylation within histones is crucial for transcriptional regulation and thus links chromatin states to biological outcomes. Although recent studies have extended lysine methylation to nonhistone proteins, underlying molecular mechanisms such as the upstream signaling cascade that induces lysine methylation and downstream target genes modulated by this modification have not been elucidated. Here, we show that Reptin, a chromatin-remodeling factor, is methylated at lysine 67 in hypoxic conditions by the methyltransferase G9a. Methylated Reptin binds to the promoters of a subset of hypoxia-responsive genes and negatively regulates transcription of these genes to modulate cellular responses to hypoxia.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P><P>► Reptin is a target of G9a methyltransferase ► Reptin K67 methylation is induced by hypoxia ► Genome-wide identification of hypoxia target genes negatively regulated by Reptin ► Hypoxia-driven Reptin methylation negatively regulates tumorigenic behavior in vivo</P>
Lee, Ji-Hyun,Song, Mi-Young,Song, Eun-Kyung,Kim, Eun-Kyung,Moon, Woo Sung,Han, Myung-Kwan,Park, Jin-Woo,Kwon, Kang-Beom,Park, Byung-Hyun American Diabetes Association 2009 Diabetes Vol.58 No.2
<P><B>OBJECTIVE—</B>SIRT1, a class III histone/protein deacetylase, is known to interfere with the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway and thereby has an anti-inflammatory function. Because of the central role of NF-κB in cytokine-mediated pancreatic β-cell damage, we postulated that SIRT1 might work in pancreatic β-cell damage models.</P><P><B>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—</B>RINm5F (RIN) cells or isolated rat islets were treated with interleukin-1β and interferon-γ. SIRT1 was activated by resveratrol, a pharmacological activator, or ectopic overexpression. The underlying mechanisms of SIRT1 against cytokine toxicity were further explored.</P><P><B>RESULTS—</B>Treatment of RIN cells with cytokines induced cell damage, and this damage was well correlated with the expression of the inducible form of nitric oxide (NO) synthase (iNOS) and NO production. However, SIRT1 overexpression completely prevented cytokine-mediated cytotoxicity, NO production, and iNOS expression. The molecular mechanism by which SIRT1 inhibits iNOS expression appeared to involve the inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway through deacetylation of p65. In addition, SIRT1 activation by either resveratrol or adenoviral-directed overexpression of SIRT1 could prevent cytokine toxicity and maintain normal insulin-secreting responses to glucose in isolated rat islets.</P><P><B>CONCLUSIONS—</B>This study will provide valuable information not only into the mechanisms underlying β-cell destruction but also into the regulation of SIRT1 as a possible target to attenuate cytokine-induced β-cell damage.</P>
A New Method of Carbon-Nanotube Patterning Using Reduction Potentials
Lee, Jong Hak,Shin, Jun Ho,Kim, Yu Hee,Park, Sung Min,Alegaonkar, P. S.,Yoo, Ji-Beom WILEY-VCH Verlag 2009 Advanced Materials Vol.21 No.12
<B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>Noble metals promote the oxidation of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) at the relatively low temperature of 350 °C. The reduction potential of multiwalled CNTs is located between those of W and Ni, while that of single-walled CNTs is between those of Ni and In. Nanometer-sized patterns on CNT films were successfully fabricated using differences in reduction potential between the CNTs and noble metals. <img src='wiley_img/09359648-2009-21-12-ADMA200802507-content.gif' alt='wiley_img/09359648-2009-21-12-ADMA200802507-content'> </P>
Cuboctahedral Pd nanoparticles on WC for enhanced methanol electrooxidation in alkaline solution
Lee, Young-Woo,Ko, A-Ra,Han, Sang-Beom,Kim, Hyun-Su,Kim, Do-Young,Kim, Si-Jin,Park, Kyung-Won The Royal Society of Chemistry 2010 Chemical communications Vol.46 No.48
<p>We report cuboctahedral Pd nanoparticles on WC synthesized by the polyol process using ethylene glycol with NO<SUB>3</SUB><SUP>−</SUP> and Fe<SUP>3+</SUP>/Fe<SUP>2+</SUP> ions. The cuboctahedral Pd/WC shows much improved electrocatalytic activity for methanol electrooxidation in alkaline solution.</p> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>The cuboctahedral Pd/WC having well-defined surface structures show much improved methanol electrooxidation in alkaline solution. <img src='http://pubs.rsc.org/ej/CC/2010/c0cc03431b/c0cc03431b-ga.gif'> </P>
Sung, Jwa-Kyung,Jung, Jung-Ah,Lee, Byoung-Mo,Lee, Sang-Min,Lee, Yong-Hwan,Choi, Du-Hoi,Kim, Tae-Wan,Song, Beom-Heon The Crop Science Society of Japan 2010 Plant production science Vol.13 No.1
<P>Characterization of the release of degradable components of cover crops is important for determining the quality of soil nutrients for the following crop and weed occurrence. We have examined the temporal changes in soil phenolic carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) after incorporation of cover crops (hairy vetch and rye) with different C to N ratio and their effects on subsequent weed occurrence in the. Cover crops, hairy vetch (<I>Vicia villosa</I> Roth. cv. Hungvillosa) and rye (<I>Secale cereale</I> L. cv. Winter-green), grown in a glass house for 60 days, were harvested and incorporated into soil at the rate of 35 and 25 ton ha<SUP>-1</SUP>, respectively. The contents of total phenolics (TP) in hairy vetch- and rye-incorporated soil increased from 45.5 to 21.3 μg g<SUP>-1</SUP> DW and decreased from 17.7 to 37.0 μg g<SUP>-1</SUP> DW, respectively, from 10 to 50 d after incorporation (DAI). Inorganic nitrogen (InN) was substantially released from hairy vetch residues, and it remained over four-fold greater than those in the control or rye-incorporated soil at 30 DAI. In the correlation analysis, the TP content of soil correlated negatively (r=−0.55, P<0.01) with total carbon (TC), but TP content of soil did not correlate with total nitrogen (TN) or inorganic nitrogen (InN) contents of soil. Occurrence of weed species was not significantly different among the treatments, whereas weed density was decreased by the incorporation of hairy vetch- or rye-residues. Weed dry weights observed at 50 DAI revealed that the growth of weeds on hairy vetch-incorporated soil was about ten- and four-fold greater than that on rye-incorporated and control soil, respectively. It is concluded that incorporation of hairy vetch did not suppress weed growth, but incorporation of rye significantly suppressed the emergence and growth of weed.</P>
Cryogenic measurement of alpha decay in a 4π absorber
Lee, Sang-Jun,Lee, Min Kyu,Jang, Yong Sic,Kim, Il Hwan,Kim, Sun Kee,Lee, June Sur,Lee, Kyoung Beom,Lee, Young Hwa,Kim, Yong-Hamb IOP Pub 2010 Journal of Physics. G, Nuclear and Particle Physic Vol.37 No.5
<P>We established <I>Q</I> spectroscopy, a novel method for the study of alpha decay, by combining 4π detection scheme with a low-temperature microcalorimeter. A 4π metal absorber guarantees absolute measurement of radioactivity without energy loss in the source and absorber. As a clear demonstration of <I>Q</I> spectroscopy, the <SUP>241</SUP>Am alpha source enclosed by a thin gold foil was measured below 100 mK. Its resulting energy spectrum has two dominant peaks with 10 keV FWHM. The more dominant one corresponds to the complete absorption of the <I>Q</I> value, the total decay energy, and the less dominant one to γ-ray escapes. Consequential one-to-one correspondence with high-energy resolution appears between mixed radioisotopes and peaks in <I>Q</I> spectroscopy, which will simplify procedures of nuclear material analysis.</P>
Low-dose Ultraviolet A1 Phototherapy for Treating Pityriasis Rosea
( Sang Hee Lim ),( Sang Min Kim ),( Byung Ho Oh ),( Jong Hyun Ko ),( Yang Won Lee ),( Yong Beom Choe ),( Kyu Joong Ahn ) 대한피부과학회 2009 Annals of Dermatology Vol.21 No.3
Background: UVA1 phototherapy has recently demonstrated high levels of efficacy and tolerability for treating a variety of inflammatory and neoplastic skin diseases. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to assess the clinical efficacy of UVA1 (340~400 nm) phototherapy for treating pityriasis rosea and to assess the course of the disease after treatment. Methods: Fifteen patients with extensive pityriasis rosea were treated with low-dose UVA1 phototherapy (starting at 10~20 J/cm2 and then it was increased to 30 J/cm2). The treatments were given 2~3 times a week until complete clearance of lesions was achieved or until there was partial improvement without further amelioration, in spite of 5 additional treatments. The rate of clearing was monitored by estimating the pityriasis rosea severity (PRSS) score and the pruritus score. Results: The extent of disease (PRSS) in all 15 patients lessened during the study (30.1±3.6 vs. 2.0±1.6, respectively, p<0.05). The overall reduction of the PRSS showed a significant improvement after the second or third treatment. The pruritus of 12 of 15 patients lessened during the treatment period, and it was unchanged in the remaining 3 patients. The mean previous duration of disease was 11.2±4.9 days and this did not interfere with the successful outcome of UVA1 phototherapy. Conclusion: This study shows that UVA1 phototherapy is a useful, well-tolerated treatment option for patients suffering from pityriasis rosea with extensive eruptions and considerable pruritus. (Ann Dermatol 21(3) 230~236, 2009)