Development of a Forest Fire Detection System Using a Drone-based Convolutional Neural Network Model

Jihee Lee(Jihee Lee),Keesin Jeong(Keesin Jeong),Haiyoung Jung(Haiyoung Jung) 한국화재소방학회 2023 International Journal of Fire Science and Engineer Vol.37 No.2

Considering forest fires cause environmental destruction, ecosystem collapse, and severe damage to human lives and nature, developing a real-time, accurate, and stable forest fire detection system has become a critical issue in modern society. In this study, a drone-based forest fire detection system was developed using a convolutional neural network (CNN) model. Real-time forest fire detection models were developed using the CNN-based MobileNet algorithm, and their fire detection performance was evaluated. The main research results indicated that errors decreased and accuracy tended to increase during the model training and validation process as training progressed. Moreover, the V1 model exhibited the highest validation accuracy of 0.9466 among the MobileNet V1, V2, and V3 models and showed the highest accuracy of 0.9667 in evaluating the new test dataset during the model evaluation process.

Risk Assessment of PFOS Exposure to Human Reproductive toxicity: A Systematic Review and Meta Analysis

Se-A Lee(Se-A Lee),Jihee Choi(Jihee Choi),Hae-Jeung Lee(Hae-Jeung Lee) 한국환경보건학회 2022 한국환경보건학회 학술대회 자료집 Vol.2022 No.5

Sticker-Type Hybrid Photoplethysmogram Monitoring System Integrating CMOS IC With Organic Optical Sensors

Lee, Yongsu,Lee, Hyeonwoo,Jang, Jaeeun,Lee, Jihee,Kim, Minseo,Lee, Jaehyuk,Kim, Hyunki,Yoo, Seunghyup,Yoo, Hoi-Jun IEEE 2017 IEEE journal on emerging and selected topics in ci Vol.7 No.1

<P>A sticker-type system with hybrid integration of CMOS IC and organic optical sensors is proposed to monitor photoplethysmogram (PPG) signals. To solve problems with the previous solely organic sensor-based works, CMOS IC is implemented in 180 nm technology under 5 V/1.5 V dual power supply. The silver-wire printed planar-fashionable circuit board (P-FCB) is used to connect the CMOS IC with organic sensors. The proposed hybrid system has the five following key features: 1) Power-efficient structure of organic sensor; 2) Integrated analog front-end and digital processor; 3) Degradation compensation scheme; 4) Large parasitic elements optimized design; and 5) Motion artifact rejection scheme. The stickertype PPG monitoring system has mass of only 2g, including the batteries, and consumes only 233 mu W to operate. The PPG signal could be acquired from various body parts (finger, wrist, and neck). The peripheral oxygen saturation level (SpO(2)) extraction results are verified by comparison with a commercial sensor device.</P>

Platelet-Activating Factor Enhances Interleukin-1 Activity by Alveolar Macrophages Inhibition by PAF Specific Receptor Antagonists

Jihee Lee 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 1997 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.1 No.2

<P> It is becoming increasingly clear that the inflammatory reaction can be ascribed to a complex array of mediators generated and released from activated phagocytes. In this study, the effect of PAF on interleukin-1(IL-1) activity by rat alveolar macrophages(AM) was examined using thymocyte proliferation assay in the supernate of sample obtained after 24 hr culture. When AM were cultured with PAF alone, no change in IL-1 activity was observed. However, the combined addition of PAF and muramyl dipeptide(MDP) or lipopolysaccharide(LPS) to AM cultures markedly enhanced IL-1 activity by 2-3 fold compared with AM cultures with the stimulant alone in a concentration dependent fashion. The peack effect was found at 10<SUP>⁣8</SUP> M PAF with MDP and 10<SUP>⁣14</SUP> M PAF with LPS. the effect of PAF was also tested in silica, toxic respirable dust, -added AM cultures as well as in the cultures containing bacterial compounds. Although silica did not stimulate the IL-1 activity, PAF could enhance IL-1 activity by 2 fold above the value of the silica-treated AM cultures with the peak response at 10<SUP>⁣12</SUP> M PAF. Optimal enhancement of IL-1 activity occured when MDP and PAF were present together at the initiation of the 24 hr AM cultures. Additionaly, the biologically inactive precursor/metabolite of PAF, lyso-PAF failed to induce enhancement of IL-1 activity. When the specific, but structurally different PAF receptor antagonists, BN 52021(10<SUP>⁣5</SUP> M) and CV 3988(10<SUP>⁣5</SUP> M) was treated 15 min before addition of PAF(10<SUP>⁣8</SUP> M) and MDP(10 ㄍg/ml) to the AM cultures, it markedly inhibited the enhancement of IL-1 activity induced by PAF. The effects of these PAF antagonists were also observed in LPS(1.0 ㄍg/ml)-stimulated cells. Collectively, these data suggest that PAF enhances IL-1 activity by interaction with a specific receptor.

SILICA-INDUCED NUCLEAR FACTOR-ĸB ACTIVATION : INVOLVEMENT OF REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES AND PROTEIN TYROSINE KINASE ACTIVATION

Lee, Jihee,Go, Young-Hyun,Kim, Joo-Hyun 이화여자대학교 세포신호전달연구센터 1999 고사리 세포신호전달 심포지움 Vol. No.1

Nuclear Factor-ĸB(NF-ĸB) is a multiprotein complex that may regulate a variety of inflammatory cytokines involved in the initiation and progression of silicosis. The present study documents the ability of in vitro silica exposure to induce DNA-binding activity of NF-ĸB in mouse macrophages(RAW264.7 cells) and investigates the role of reactive oxygen species(ROS) and/or protein tyrosine kinase in this activation. In vitro exposure of mouse macrophages to silica(100㎍/㎖) resulted in a 2-fold increase in ROS production, measured as the generation of chemiluminescence(CL), and caused activation of NF-ĸB. Silica-induced CL was inhibited 100% by superoxide dismutase(SOD) and 75% by catalase, while NF-ĸB activation was inhibited by a variety of antioxidants(Catalase, SOD, sodium formate, α-tocopherol, and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate). Further evidence of the involvement of ROS in NF-ĸB activation is that 1 mM H₂O₂ enhanced NF-ĸB/DNA binding and that this activation was inhibited by catalase. Specific inhibitors of protein tyrosine kinase, such as herbimycin A, genistein and AG-494, prevented NF-ĸB activation in silica-treated cells. Genistein and AG-494 also prevented NF-ĸB activation in H₂O₂-treated cells. In contrast, inhibitiors of protein kinase A or C, such as H89, staurosporin, calphostin C, chelerythrine, and H7 had no inhibitory effect on this response. The results suggest that ROS play a role in silica-induced NF-ĸB activation in macrophages and that phosphorylation events mediated by tyrosine kinase may be involved in this activation.

Dynamic Patterns of PTK7 Protein Expression in Adult Mouse Tissues

( Jihee Kim ),( Ho Yoon ),( Song Ee Lee ),( Won Suk Kang ),( Ik Soo Jeon ),( Da Jeong Chang ),( Nayeon Lee ),( Taesun Hwang ),( Won Sik Shin ),( Han Woong Lee ),( Seung Taek Lee ),( Ji Hwan Song ) 한국조직공학·재생의학회 2008 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.5 No.4

PTK7 belongs to a subgroup of receptor protein tyrosine kinases with inactive catalytic activity of the protein tyrosine kinase(PTK), which is known to be important for signal attenuation, cell adhesion, and regulation of planar cell polarity. In this study, to decipher possible biological roles of PTK7, we examined the tissue distribution and localization of PTK7 protein in adult mouse tissues. PTK7-positive signals were detected in variety of tissues and cells in multiple systems, including respiratory, digestive, urinary and reproductive organs, as well as liver and pancreas. These expression profiling data imply various physiological roles of PTK7 in multiple organ systems. Interestingly, among various tissues examined, no specific signal was detected in the heart and muscles. Taken together, dynamic patterns of protein expression in adult tissues strongly suggest PTK7 may play important roles during organogenesis and histogenesis.

[FCT 8] The efficacy of acellular dermal matrices in scar revision surgery: experimental and clinical study

( Jihee Kim ),( Young In Lee ),( Won Jai Lee ),( Ju Hee Lee ) 대한피부과학회 2017 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.69 No.1

We hypothesized that acellular dermal matrix (ADM) graft along with scar revision may act as a dermal regeneration substitute, and it will improve skin color, texture, humidification, and elasticity. We implanted acellular dermal matrix in subcutaneous layer of incision area during scar revision surgery for the successful treatment of various scars. In clinical study, we excised scar tissue measuring length and width of the scar (n=22), implanted the ADM underneath and closed the defect with appropriate approximation. Functional skin values of scar revision area and adjacent normal skin were evaluated in terms of skin elasticity, humidification, transepidermal water loss, and color. Also, patient satisfaction was assessed at postoperative 6 months with visual analog scale in terms of cosmetic satisfaction, pain or itching sensation and scar hardness. Patient`s survey revealed that patients were satisfied with the postoperative results showing 7.8 ± 1.1 of overall VAS score in all factors. Humidification of scar indicated that the score was 1.03 ± 0.3 (scar site per adjacent normal skin) at preoperative period and 1.52 ± 0.95 at 6 months. ADM could be adequate for use as a tissue remodeling substitute, and scar revision technique using ADM implantation is satisfactory in terms of high patient satisfaction and significantly improved humidification.

Resveratrol reduces glutamate-mediated monocyte chemotactic protein-1 expression via inhibition of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 pathway in rat hippocampal slice cultures

Lee, Eun Ok,Park, Hee Ju,Kang, JiHee Lee,Kim, Hye-Sun,Chong, Young Hae Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2010 Journal of Neurochemistry Vol.112 No.6

<P><I>J. Neurochem.</I> (2010) <B>112</B>, 1477–1488.</P><P>Abstract</P><P>Published evidence has linked glutamate with the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and the up-regulation of a variety of chemokines, including monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1)/chemokine ligand 2, with AD-associated pathological changes. In this study, we assessed the potential molecular basis for the role of glutamate in hippocampal inflammation by determining its effects on MCP-1 induction. We also attempted to identify the mechanism by which resveratrol (trans-3,5,4′-trihydroxystilbene), a polyphenolic phytostilbene, modulates the expression of MCP-1 in the glutamate-stimulated hippocampus. An <I>ex vivo</I> study using rat hippocampal slices demonstrated a time- and dose-dependent increase in MCP-1 release from glutamate-exposed hippocampus. This increase was accompanied by enhanced MCP-1 gene expression via the activation of the MEK/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway and interleukin-1&bgr; (IL-1&bgr;) expression. The inhibition of the MEK/ERK pathway with SL327, which is capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier, nearly abolished the observed glutamate-induced effects. Furthermore, anti-IL-1&bgr; antibodies suppressed the glutamate-induced expression of MCP-1 mRNA and protein, whereas an isotype-matched antibody exerted only minimal effects. It is worthy of note that resveratrol, to a similar degree as SL327, down-regulated glutamate-induced IL-1&bgr; expression and reduced the expression of MCP-1 mRNA and protein release via the inactivation of ERK1/2. These results indicate that the activation of the MEK/ERK pathway and the consequent IL-1&bgr; expression are essential for glutamate-stimulated MCP-1 production in the hippocampus. Additionally, our data reveal an anti-inflammatory mechanism of resveratrol involving the inactivation of the ERK1/2 pathway in the hippocampus, which is linked principally to AD-associated cognitive dysfunction.</P>

P087 Active cosmetic ingredient delivery system using biodegradable microneedle patch in melasma patients

( Jihee Kim ),( Young In Lee ),( Sungsik Shin ),( Jung U Shin ),( Jung Dong Kim ),( Hong Kee Kim ),( Dohyeon Jeong ),( Juyeop Shin ),( Jung Hyun Bae ),( Kwang Hoon Lee ),( Ju Hee Lee ) 대한피부과학회 2016 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.68 No.2

<div style="display:none">fiogf49gjkf0d</div><div style="display:none">fiogf49gjkf0d</div><div style="display:none">fiogf49gjkf0d</div><div style="display:none">fiogf49gjkf0d</div><div style="display:none">fiogf49gjkf0d</div><div style="display:none">fiogf49gjkf0d</div><div style="display:none">fiogf49gjkf0d</div> Background: Biodegradable microneedle is a recently developed method to deliver pharmaceutical components into the skin, and is expected to yield better clinical outcome compared to topical application. Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of the hyaluronic acid (HA)-based microneedle patches containing ascorbic acid, tranexamic acid, niacin amide and resveratrol on melamsa patients. Methods: A twelve week, randomized, double blind study was performed. Twenty four Korean patients with mild to moderate melasma, according to Melasma Area and Severity Scale (MASI) were enrolled and completed the study. Patients used two different types of patches on each side of the designated area every other day for 8 weeks. Patients were requested for an additional 12-week follow up visit. Pigmentary improvements were assessed subjectively with MASI, patient satisfaction score, and photographic analysis. Additionally, quantitative analysis was performed with mexameter and corneometer (Courage & Khazaka, Cologne, Germany). Results: No patient complained of irritation or other side effects regarding the use of microneedle patch. Compared to control area without microneedle and active ingredients only, microneedle patch applied area showed statistically significant clinical improvement in degree of pigmentation. Conclusion: Results indicates that microneedle patch with active ingredients can be used safely and effectively for melasma treatment.

Regulation and Mechanisms for NF-ĸB Activation in Silica-Stimulated Macrophages

Lee, Jihee,Pack, In Soon,Lee, Hui Su,Hong, Soo Bin 이화여자대학교 세포신호전달연구센터 2000 고사리 세포신호전달 심포지움 Vol. No.2

Nucelar factor(NF)-ĸB is a multiprotein complex that may regulate a variety of inflammatory cytokines involved in the initiation and progression of silicosis. We have previously reported that the involvement of reactive oxygen species(ROS) and phosphorylation event mediated by tyrosine kinase in silica-induced NF-ĸB activation. In the present study, we investigated, first, the role of nitric oxide as one particular free radical and protein tyrosine phosphatase(PTPase) in the silica-induced signaling pathway leading to NF-kB activation. Secondly, direct mechanisms for NF-kB activation III silica-stimulated macrophages were studied. Treatment of mouse macrophages(RAW264.7 cells) with a specific inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS), L-N^(6)-(1-iminoethyl)lysine(L-NIL), or Nω-nitro-L-arginine methylester(L-NAME), resulted In inhibition of silica-induced NF-ĸB activation as well as nitric oxide production in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, NO generating compounds, such as sodium nitroprusside(SNP) and 3-morpholinosydnonimine(SIN-1), caused a dose-dependent increase in NF-ĸB activation which was positively correlated with the level of NO production. Specific inhibitors of protein tyrosine kinase, such as genistein and AG494, prevented NF-ĸB activation in SNP-or SIN-1 treated cells, suggesting involvement of tyrosine kinase in the NO signaling pathway leading to NF-ĸB activation. The results suggest that NF-kB activation in macrophages induced by silica is partially up-regulated by nitric oxide produced by macrophages. Treatment of macrophages with a powerful PTPase inhibitor, pervanadate, markedly potentiated silica-induced NF-ĸB activation. A specific inhibitor of protein kinase, genistein, prevented NF-ĸB activation induced by pervanadate in the presence of silica. A variety of antioxidants, such as catalase, superoxide dismutase(SOD), N-acetyl cysteine(NAC), and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate inhibited NF-ĸB activation induced by both of pervanadate and silica. Furthermore, pervanadate markedly enhanced silica-induced protein tyrosine phosphorylation. Treatment of N-acetyl cysteine abolished the increase in tyrosine phosphorylation in cells stimulated with both of silica and pervanadate. The results suggest that PTPase may play a crucial role in the negative regulation of the silica-signaling pathway leading to NF-ĸB activation in macrophages and ROS be involved in down stream signaling between PTPase inhibition and NF-ĸB activation. We report an alternative mechanism of NF-ĸB activation. Stimulation of macrophages with silica led to NF-ĸB activation through tyrosine phosphorylation without serine phosphorylation but not degradation of IĸB-α. Specific inhibitors of protein tyrosine kinase, such as genistein and tyrophostin AG126, and antioxidants, such as NAC and SOD, prevented IĸB-α tyrosine phosphorylation in response to silica. Moreover, inhibition of proteasome proteolytic activity did not affect NF-ĸB activation by silica. Tyrosine phosphorylation of IĸB-α represents a proteolysis-independent mechanism of NF-kB activation that directly couples NF-ĸB to cellular tyrosine kinase.