A genome-wide association study of a coronary artery disease risk variant.

Lee, Ji-Young,Lee, Bok-Soo,Shin, Dong-Jik,Woo Park, Kyung,Shin, Young-Ah,Joong Kim, Kwang,Heo, Lyong,Young Lee, Ji,Kyoung Kim, Yun,Jin Kim, Young,Bum Hong, Chang,Lee, Sang-Hak,Yoon, Dankyu,Jung Ku, Hy Springer-Verlag 2013 Journal of human genetics Vol.58 No.3

<P>Although over 30 common genetic susceptibility loci have been identified to be independently associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) risk through genome-wide association studies (GWAS), genetic risk variants reported to date explain only a small fraction of heritability. To identify novel susceptibility variants for CAD and confirm those previously identified in European population, GWAS and a replication study were performed in the Koreans and Japanese. In the discovery stage, we genotyped 2123 cases and 3591 controls with 521 786 SNPs using the Affymetrix SNP Array 6.0 chips in Korean. In the replication, direct genotyping was performed using 3052 cases and 4976 controls from the KItaNagoya Genome study of Japan with 14 selected SNPs. To maximize the coverage of the genome, imputation was performed based on 1000 Genome JPT+CHB and 5.1 million SNPs were retained. CAD association was replicated for three GWAS-identified loci (1p13.3/SORT1 (rs599839), 9p21.3/CDKN2A/2B (rs4977574), and 11q22.3/ PDGFD (rs974819)) in Koreans. From GWAS and a replication, SNP rs3782889 showed a strong association (combined P=3.95 10(-14)), although the association of SNP rs3782889 doesn't remain statistically significant after adjusting for SNP rs11066015 (proxy SNP with BRAP (r(2)=1)). But new possible CAD-associated variant was observed for rs9508025 (FLT1), even though its statistical significance did marginally reach at the genome-wide a significance level (combined P=6.07 10(-7)). This study shows that three CAD susceptibility loci, which were previously identified in European can be directly replicated in Koreans and also provides additional evidences implicating suggestive loci as risk variants for CAD in East Asian.</P>

영화와 철학

이경직 ( Kyung Jik Lee ) 한국기독교철학회 2007 기독교철학 Vol.5 No.1

기독교 상담자의 상담 경험에 관한 현상학적 연구 : 목회 경험이 있는 상담자를 중심으로

이경직 ( Lee Kyung Jik ),김옥란 ( Kim Ok Ran ) 21세기기독교사회문화아카데미 2022 신학과 사회 Vol.36 No.4

This study examines the counseling experience of Christian counselors with pastoral experience through a phenomenological research method. It was found in previous studies that counselors with Christian faith may differ from non-Christian counselors in counseling motives, preparation, training, and process methods, etc. In particular, The purpose of this study is to reveal the characteristic experiences of counselors with pastoral experience who have a deep understanding of the Christian faith through counseling. For the study, in-depth interviews were conducted with 5 people who are currently pastors or have more than 5 years of pastoral experience in H area, and who are working as counselors using the snowball method. The collected data were analyzed by applying Colaizzi's method. As a result of the study, first, it was possible to find the reason for starting counseling, and what they had in common was understanding people and seeking ways to solve their pain. Second, the study participants were experiencing exhaustion in counseling and were overcoming them in various ways, including religious methods. Third, as Christian counselors with pastoral experience, they were experiencing dilemmas and concerns about their identity in counseling. This study provided practical information on the counseling experiences characteristic of counselors with pastoral experience, and the results are expected to be used as data for Christian counseling and Christian counseling factors studies.

일반논문 : 플라톤의 평등 개념

이경직 ( Kyung Jik Lee ) 백석대학교 기독교인문학연구소(구 기독교철학연구소) 2008 기독교철학연구 Vol.10 No.-

이 글의 목적은 기독교적 입장에서 플라톤의 평등 개념을 평가 하는데 있다. 이를 위해 고대 그리스인의 평등 개념 일반이 다루어 졌다. 고대 그리스에서 ‘평등’은 모든 측면에서 동일한 것을 뜻하지 않고, 일부 측면에서 동일한 것을 뜻했다. 그러하기에 일반적으로 고대 그리스인들은 서로 태어난 배경과 지니고 있는 소질, 능력 등에 차이가 있어도 법적 측면에서 같은 권리를 지니는 것을 평등이라고 이해했다. 그러하기에 고대 그리스인들에게 평등 개념은 정의 개념과 밀접하게 연결된다. 플라톤의 평등 개념은 고대 그리스의 민주적 경향과 귀족적 경향 가운데 귀족적 경향을 나타낸다. 플라톤에 따르면, 도시국가 구성원들 사이의 무제한적 자유의 평등은 도시국가의 단일성과 안정을 파괴하며, 결국 개인의 자유를 완전히 구속하는 결과를 낳는다. 플라톤은 국가 8, 9권에서 당대 정치체제들을 비판적으로 고찰하면서 이 주장을 설득력 있게 제시하고 있다. 플라톤은 불평등을 일부 인정하면서도 어느 정도의 평등을 확보하려는 절충안을 내놓고 있다. 기독교적 평등개념은 개인의 평등의 근거를 개인의 능력이나 공적에 두지 않고 하나님의 은총에 둔다는 점에서 플라톤의 평등 개념과 다르다. The purpose of this article is to review Plato`s concept of equality from the Christian perspective. At first, the general concept of equality in ancient Greeks is explained. The equality in ancient Greeks means the same not in all perspectives but in some perspectives. So they recognize different backgrounds, abilities and natures; they understand the equality from legal perspective. It is the reason why the concept of equality is closely related with the concept of justice. Plato`s concept of equality represents aristocratic tendency rather than democratic tendency in ancient Greece. Plato regards unlimited freedom as obstacle to unity and stability of Greek city. For him unlimited freedom results in the elimination of individual freedom. Plato demonstrates this suggestion by criticizing contemporary political systems in 8 and 9 books of Republic. He suggests middle way both to recognize some inequalities and to secure a certain degree of equality. Christian concept of equality is different from Plato`s concept of equality in that it sees the ground of individual equality not as individual ability or merit but God`s grace.

The Influence of Adiponectin Gene Polymorphism on the Dietary Intervention Response in Koreans with Impaired Fasting Glucose or Newly Diagnosed type 2 Diabetes

Hye Kyung Chung,Jey Sook Chae,Sang Hak Lee,Dong Jik Shin,Yong Ho Lee,Young Duk Song,Hyuck Moon Kwon,Yang Soo Jang,Jong Ho Lee 한국지질동맥경화학회(구 한국지질학회) 2008 한국지질동맥경화학회 추계학술발표논문집 Vol.2008 No.-

하이델베르크 요리문답해설에 나타난 십계명 이해

이경직 ( Kyung Jik Lee ) 한국개혁신학회 2013 한국개혁신학 Vol.40 No.-

인간 구원에 초점을 두는 기독론적 문서인 하이델베르크 요리문답이 십계명을 사도신경과 주기도문 사이에 배치시킨 이유는 십계명이 구원자 그리스도의 은혜를 믿는 믿음에서 나오는 감사의 표현이라는데 있다. 주기도문이 십계명 다음에 나오는 이유는 하나님께서 우리의 이 땅에서의 불완전한 순종을 완전한 순종으로 만들어주실 날을 소망하며 참된 위로와 확신 가운데 하나님께 기도할 수 있다는데 있다. 우리가 이 땅에서 겪는 영적 싸움은 회심인데, 옛 사람을 죽이고 새 사람을 살리는 것이다. 회심은 평생에 걸쳐 지속되는 과정이다. 십계명으로 대표되는 도덕법은 중생자들의 삶 가운데 아직 남아 있는 죄와 비참을 드러내지만, 복음 선포를 통해 믿게 되는 그리스도의 공로의 전가 덕분에 그리고 중생자 안에서 일하시는 성령 하나님 덕분에 십계명은 중생자들로 하여금 옛 사람에 대해 죽고 새 사람을 살리는 방향으로 나아갈 수 있는 계기를 마련해준다. 옛 사람을 발견할 때 겪는 슬픔은 우리의 죄가 하나님을 진노하게 했다는데서 오는 슬픔이다. 회심은 믿음의 열매이며 구원에 대한 감사의 표현이다. 또한 십계명은 중생자들이 이 땅에서 하나님께 순종함으로써 감사를 표현하기 시작하는 계기가 되며, 기도는 그리스도의 영이 그리스도인들 안에서 시작하신 선행을 완성시켜주신다는 약속을 붙드는 일이다. The reason why Heidelberg Catechism as soteriological document places its discussion about Ten Commandments between its discussions about Apostles` Creed and about Lord`s Prayer lies in the fact that Ten Commandments are faithful expressions of gratitude toward Christ as Savior, The importance of Lord`s Prayer lies in the fact that with firm confidence and true comfort we can pray to God that He should make our incomplete obediences perfect in the Last Day. The spiritual struggle on the earth is conversion which consists of mortification and quieckening. It is an enduring process in our lives. The reason why believers have grief when they find old men in themselves lies in the fact that our sins make God angry. Ursinus emphasizes that conversion is a fruit of belief and gratitude toward to our Savior. Ten Commandments are starting points with which believers begin to express their gratitude toward God in this world. Prayer is to hold on God`s promise to send the Holy Spirit who will make our good actions perfect.

칼빈의 『기독교강요』에 나타난 믿음 개념

이경직 ( Kyung Jik Lee ) 한국기독교철학회 2012 기독교철학 Vol.15 No.-

The purpose of this article is to understand the concept of faith in John Calvin`s Institutes of Christian Religion and to show that the motto ``sola fide`` and ``justification by faith`` does not exclude good work of believers. In the strong contrast with Roman Catholic concept of faith his concept of faith includes emotional and volitional elements as well as intellectual element. Calvin thinks that faith should have Intellectual knowledge, emotional trust and volitional love which has been understood as separate entities by Roman Catholics. Roman Catholics understands the tree theological virutes, namely belief, hope and love as separate. Calvin regards the faith as wider concept than Roman Catholics. According to him belief without hope and love cannot be proper faith. Calvin`s approach to the concept of faith is mainly not epistemological nor intellectual but soteriological. The knowledge of God which plays a great role in the concept of faith is not merely intellectual but also personal. In this sense the proper faith should have not just theoretical knowledge but practical knowledge. The salvic faith is faith accompanying love which is expressed by practical knowledge. That is why Calvin does not see the proper object of faith as abstract truth or fact but as the person of Jesus Christ. It shows well that the claim of Reformed Life Theology is right. The claim is that theology is no mere science but living gospel revealing Christ`s life concretely. I suggest that Calvin`s concept of faith does exclude antinomism and that it acknowledges both God`s sovereignty and human responsibility in Christian life. Good work is no merit by which human beings can earn their salvation. It is an expression of Christian faith which is gift from the Holy Spirit. Good work is the expression of love which makes Christian faith pure and proper. Calvin suggests that faith without love is no proper faith, faith giving us salvation.

청열약(淸熱藥)의 질내(膣內) 미생물(微生物)에 대(對)한 항균효과(抗菌效果)

김경직 ( Kyung Jik Kim ),조정훈 ( Jung Hoon Cho ),장준복 ( Jun Bock Jang ),이경섭 ( Kyung Sub Lee ) 대한한방부인과학회 2006 大韓韓方婦人科學會誌 Vol.19 No.3

개혁신학과 기독교 철학

이경직 ( Kyung Jik Lee ) 한국개혁신학회 2014 한국개혁신학 Vol.43 No.-

이 글의 목적은 개혁신학이 기독교 철학의 정체성을 제공해 줄 수 있으며, 기독교 철학이 개혁신학의 작업에 유익을 줄 수 있음을 보여주고자 하는데 있다. 모든 철학은 특정 전제로부터 출발해야 하기 때문에 기독교 철학과 비기독교 철학의 차이는 전제 유무에 있지 않고 전제의 상이한 내용에 있다. 기독교 철학이 성경계시를 출발점으로 삼을 수 있다는 주장은 모든 사상에는 종교적 뿌리가 있다는 개혁신학의 통찰을 근간으로 삼는다. 신학은 성경계시의 내용을 체계화해서 기독교 철학에게 전제를 제공함으로써 기독교 철학을 돕는다. 또한 개혁신학은 하나님의 절대주권을 강조함으로써 기독교 철학이 인간 이성의 한계를 인식하고 겸손한 자세로 계시의존적 철학을 할 수 있도록 해준다. 개혁신학은 인간의 전인적 성격을 강조해줌으로써 기독교 철학이 단순한 이성적 작업에 그치지 않고 하나님을 향한 감사와 기쁨, 결단이 동반되는 감정적이고도 의지적인 작업이 되도록 해준다. 또한 철학의 정교한 방법론과 명료한 개념은 그리스도인이 성경계시를 좀 더 잘 이해하는 신학작업을 도울 수 있다. 기독교 철학은 언어분석이나 해석학 등과 같은 도구들을 통해 신학자들이 성경계시의 내용을 명료하게 해석하고 체계화하고 적용하도록 도울 수 있기 때문이다. 기독교 철학자는 철학적 신학의 형태로 신학의 깊이를 더해 줄 수도 있다. 또한 신학 작업도 철학적 도구를 사용하다가 잘못된 철학의 영향을 받아 오염될 수 있기에, 기독교 철학자는 비판적 작업을 통해 신학의 오염된 부분을 정화시켜주는 역할을 할 수 있다. 기독교 철학은 단순한 학문이 아니라 복음 전파의 도구이기도 하다. 기독교 철학은 모든 우상을 타파할 뿐 아니라 자신마저도 우상이 될 수 있는 위험을 깨닫는다. 기독교 철학은 자신의 전제뿐 아니라 방법, 내용까지도 철저하게 성경계시에 근거를 둠으로써 복음의 증인 역할을 하고자 한다. The purpose of this article is to show that Christian philosophy owes its identity to Reformed theology and that Christian philosophy can be helpful to theology by her method of critical analysis. Christian philosophy rejects the unproved premise of non-Christian philosophy, namely that philosophy has no assumption. All philosophies have their own premises which have religious roots. The difference between Christian and non-Christian philosophy does not depend on whether they have assumption but what assumption they have. Reformed theology justifies this insight, for it shows that every thought has religious root and that God` s sovereignty should be realized in all areas including individual, social and cosmic area. Christian philosophy starts from the Biblical revelation systematized by theology. That is why Christian philosophy can be foundation for all Christian scholarships by clarifying the fundamental concepts in all sciences. The emphasis of Reformed theology on God`s sovereignty makes Christian philosophy to recognize the limit of human reason and be revelation-based philosophy with humility. The reformed holistic view of human being enables Christian philosophy to be not just rational project but also emotional and volitional project with joy, gratitude and trust in God. That is why Christian philosophy should be practical and serve for Shalom. Christian philosophy can help theological study with its method of critical analysis and well-distinguished concepts. Linguistic analysis and hermeneutics are good examples by which theologians interpret, systematize and apply data of biblical revelation. Philosophical theology is a study of theology using philosophical analysis. Christian philosophy can correct even some mistakes of theology when theologians use some concepts understood from the perspective of non-Christian worldviews. Christian philosophy is not mere science but a tool used to evangelize, for it destroys all kinds of idols in the human thoughts and give alternative thought based on biblical revelation. Christian philosopher should be aware of the danger that his thought itself can be idol. He should show his humility before the absolute knowledge of God. That is why Christian philosophy should be done in community of the faithful believers including not just philosophers but also theologians.

플라톤의 우주론과 기독교의 우주론

이경직 ( Kyung Jik Lee ) 기독교학문연구회 2002 신앙과 학문 Vol.7 No.1