노후 저수지 붕괴사례 분석을 통한 안전관리 방안

Young Karb Song,Young Uk Kim,Kyoungjun Kim,Kyung Su Lee 위기관리 이론과 실천 2016 Crisisonomy Vol.12 No.7

전국에 분포하는 저수지는 총 17,505개소이며, 약 68%에 해당하는 11,970개소가 1960년대 이전에 건설되어 노후화가 심각한 상태이다. 대부분의 노후 저수지는 시공 당시 적절한 설계 및 시공기준 부재, 축조재료의 특성파악이 어렵기 때문에 안전관리 측면에서 취약하며, 우기시 빗물을 저류하는 이수 목적으로 운영되어 집중호우 발생 시 대규모 수해의 원인으로 작용할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 국내 저수지 분포 및 관리현황, 저수지 붕괴지역에 대한 현지조사, 원인분석, 향후 운영 방안 등에 대한 종합적인 분석을 수행하여 노후 저수지 안전관리에 대한 문제점과 개선방안을 제시하고자 하였다. Considering that 68% of the reservoirs in Korea (11,970 out of 17,505 reservoirs) were built in the 1960s or earlier, their potential failure due to aging become a serious concern. Most of the decrepit reservoirs did not follow an appropriate design or construction reference at the time of construction and it is difficult to understand the characteristics of the construction materials, which makes it difficult to ensure safety of the reservoirs during the rainy season. Besides, the large amount of their water storage may cause a serious flood disaster. This study undertakes a comprehensive analysis of the distribution and management of the reservoirs as well as the field survey results of the reservoir collapses. The results of the investigation were used as a basis for discovering problems and suggesting ways to improve the current safety management system of the decrepit reservoirs in Korea.

Usefulness of 18FDG positron emission tomography- computed tomography for detecting systemic inflammation in moderate to severe psoriasis

( Won Ku Lee ),( Kyoungjune Pak ),( Seong Jang Kim ),( Junhee Han ),( Jeong Min Kim ),( Gun Wook Kim ),( Margaret Song ),( Hoon Soo Kim ),( Hyun Chang Ko ),( Moon Bum Kim ),( Byung Soo Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2015 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.67 No.2

Background: There is increasing awareness that psoriasis is a systemic, immune-mediated inflammatory disease including skin and joint. Objectives: To detect and quantify systemic and vascular inflammation in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis using [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography- computed tomography (18FDG PET/CT). Furthermore, to investigate the relationship between PASI score and FDG uptake in the liver, spleen and aorta. Methods: Case series with a nested case-control study was done. Twenty seven patients with moderate to severe psoriasis and twenty five controls age and sex matched underwent 18FDG PET/CT. FDG uptakes in the liver, spleen and 5 segments of aorta were evaluated by calculating the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax). Results: 18FDG PET/CT of patients with moderate to severe psoriasis demonstrated increased FDG uptakes in the liver and spleen compared with the controls. There were increased FDG uptakes in the liver, spleen and all segments of aorta with psoriasis group of high PASI score compared to the group with low PASI score. Conclusion: This study shows that systemic inflammation is increased in psoriasis patients compared to the controls, and there is correlation between psoriasis severity and systemic and vascular inflammation. We also suggest that 18FDG PET/CT can be used to identify systemic and vascular inflammation in psoriasis patients.

Influences on Formation of Tetanus Antibody after Simultaneous Injection of Tetanus Immunoglobulin with Tetanus Vaccine

신종환,Jinjoo Kim,Kyoungjun Song 대한의학회 2012 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.27 No.8

The goal of this study was to determine how much the formation of tetanus antibody is influenced after a single injection of tetanus vaccine (Td) and the simultaneous injection of tetanus vaccine with tetanus immunoglobulin (TIG). All of the healthy adult volunteers were divided into two groups: group 1 (Td only) and group 2 (Td plus TIG). Two hundred thirty seven volunteers were enrolled. When the baseline antibody titer, gender and age were adjusted, the geometric mean titers (GMTs) of the tetanus antibody (group 1 vs group 2) was 0.8438 IU/mL vs 0.5684 IU/mL at 4 weeks (P = 0.002), 0.4074 IU/mL vs 0.3217 IU/mL at 6 months (P = 0.072) and 0.3398 IU/mL vs 0.2761 IU/mL at 12 months (P = 0.140)after injection, respectively. The formation of tetanus antibody after tetanus vaccination is not influenced by TIG at the late period and in adults below the age of 50 yr, but there are significant differences between the two groups at the early period of 4 weeks after vaccination and for the patients over 60 yr.

Synergistic Catalytic Effect of a Composite (CoS/PEDOT:PSS) Counter Electrode on Triiodide Reduction in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

Sudhagar, P.,Nagarajan, S.,Lee, Yong-Gun,Song, Donghoon,Son, Taewook,Cho, Woohyung,Heo, Miyoung,Lee, Kyoungjun,Won, Jongok,Kang, Yong Soo American Chemical Society 2011 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.3 No.6

<P>Inorganic/organic nanocomposite counter electrodes comprised of sheetlike CoS nanoparticles dispersed in polystyrenesulfonate-doped poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (CoS/PEDOT:PSS) offer a synergistic effect on catalytic performance toward the reduction of triiodide for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), yielding 5.4% power conversion efficiency, which is comparable to that of the conventional platinum counter electrode (6.1%). The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry measurements revealed that the composite counter electrodes exhibited better catalytic activity, fostering rate of triiodide reduction, than that of pristine PEDOT: PSS electrode. The simple preparation of composite (CoS/PEDOT:PSS) electrode at low temperature with improved electrocatalytic properties are feasible to apply in flexible substrates, which is at most urgency for developing novel counter electrodes for lightweight flexible solar cells.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/aamick/2011/aamick.2011.3.issue-6/am2003735/production/images/medium/am-2011-003735_0008.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/am2003735'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Cloud-based Internet of Vehicle 환경에서 효율적인 Virtual Machine Identifier 생성 방법

박재현(Jaehyun Park),하재희(Jaehee Ha),박경준(Kyoungjun Park),정진(Jeong Jin),송주형(Juhyung Song),김명철(Myungchul Kim) 한국통신학회 2018 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2018 No.6

Improvement of systemic inflammation by the use of ustekinumab in moderate to severe psoriasis: Measured by 18FDG positron emission tomography- computed tomography

( Byung Soo Kim ),( Won Ku Lee ),( Kyoungjune Pak ),( Seong Jang Kim ),( Junhee Han ),( Jeong Min Kim ),( Gun Wook Kim ),( Margaret Song ),( Hoon Soo Kim ),( Hyun Chang Ko ),( Moon Bum Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2015 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.67 No.2

Background: Ustekinumab has established a favorable benefit-risk profile for moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis, but little is known about its efficacy on the comorbidities especially systemic inflammation.Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of ustekinumab for systemic and vascular inflammation of patients with moderate to severe psoriasis by by [18F]- fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography (18FDGPET/CT). Methods: Moderate to severe psoriasis patients were evaluated with 18FDG PET/CT before ustekinumab treatment and after achieving PASI75 with ustekinumab. FDG uptake in the liver, spleen and 5 segments of aorta was evaluated by calculating the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax). Results: Eleven patients with psoriasis were enrolled in this study (6 males, 5 females; mean age, 41.5 years).In accordance with clinical improvement in psoriatic skin lesions, images on subsequent 18FDG PET/CT scan revealed an appreciable decrease in FDG uptake in the liver, spleen and aorta. Conclusion: This study suggests that treatment ustekinumab is effective in reducing systemic and vascular inflammation accompanied with moderate to severe psoriasis. We also show the usefulness of 18 FDG PET/CT to monitor whole-body inflammation during psoriasis treatment.

폐암 SBRT에서 호흡동조 VMAT의 정확성 분석을 위한 새로운 4D 팬텀 모델 개발

윤경준,곽정원,조병철,송시열,이상욱,안승도,남상희,Yoon, KyoungJun,Kwak, JungWon,Cho, ByungChul,Song, SiYeol,Lee, SangWook,Ahn, SeungDo,Nam, SangHee 한국의학물리학회 2014 의학물리 Vol.25 No.2

정위신체방사선치료(SBRT)에서 환자의 호흡에 대한 정확한 치료위치의 확보는 필수적으로 고려되어야 하며 그 정확성에 관련하여 많은 연구들이 진행되어왔다. 본 연구에서는 실제 호흡에 의한 움직임과 실제 환자 폐의 형태를 고려한 팬텀실험으로 실제 치료에서 일어나는 임상적 상황을 모사함으로 호흡 동조 부피적조절회전 방사선치료(Volumeric Modulated Arc Therapy, VMAT) 기법을 이용한 폐부 SBRT의 정확성을 분석하는 방법을 제시하고자 하였다. SBRT을 받은 폐암 환자의 CT 영상을 기반으로 3D 프린터를 이용하여 치료부위와 유사하게 폐 팬텀을 제작하였고 환자 호흡과 동일하게 움직임을 재현할 수 있도록 $QUASAR^{TM}$ 호흡 동조 구동 팬텀(Modus Medical Devices, London, Canada)에 장착하여 호흡동조 VMAT에서의 2차원 선량 분포를 평가할 수 있는 시스템을 구축하였다. 폐 팬텀은 종양부위를 중심으로 2등분하여 EBT3 필름을 삽입하고 선량분포를 측정할 수 있도록 제작되었다. 비균질 조건에서의 선량계산의 정확성을 확인하기 위하여 균질한 플라스틱 팬텀과 제작된 비균질 폐 팬텀에서 Analytical Anisotropic Algorithm (AAA)와 AcurosXB (AXB) 두가지 알고리즘으로 선량계산을 하여 비교, 분석하였다. 움직임에 대한 치료의 정확성을 평가하기 위하여 호흡동조와 비 호흡동조의 경우, 그리고 움직임이 없는 조건에서 선량분포를 취득하여 치료계획 선량에 대한 감마지표를 분석하였다. 치료부위 GTV에서의 CT number는 실제 환자의 경우 78 HU를 나타내었고 모사된 폐 팬텀의 경우 92 HU를 나타내었다. 팬텀 내 폐 조직부분은 3D프린터로 적층하는 과정에서 격자구조의 형태를 이용하여 구현하였다. 측정된 필름선량은 AAA 알고리즘을 이용한 치료계획 선량에 대하여 움직이는 팬텀에서 호흡동조의 유무에 따라 3%/3 mm 감마지표 조건하에서 각각 88%와 78%의 감마합격률을 나타내었으며, 움직임이 없는 경우 95% 이상의 감마합격률을 보였다. AXB 알고리즘을 적용하였을 경우에는 모든 경우에서 98% 이상의 합격률을 나타내었다. 균질한 플라스틱 팬텀에 대하여 측정하였을 때 두가지 선량계산 알고리즘을 포함한 모든 조건에서 99% 이상의 감마합격률을 나타내었다. 선택된 환자의 호흡 진폭이 비교적 작고 inhale보다는 exhale에 더 오래 머무르는 호흡패턴 때문에 3%/3 mm 감마 기준에서는 호흡에 따른 차이가 거의 나타나지 않은 것으로 이해되었다. 선량계산의 정확성에서는 AAA 알고리즘을 적용하였을 때보다 AXB 알고리즘을 적용하였을 때가 균질과 비균질 환경에서의 선량 분포에 따른 감마 합격률의 차이가 적게 나타남을 확인 할 수 있었다. 본 논문에서는 환자와 유사하게 제작된 폐 팬텀에 실제 환자 호흡 패턴을 연동함으로 새로운 4D 치료선량 분포 검증 방법을 제시하였고 보다 사실적인 선량분포를 반영한 개별 환자 치료의 정확성 검증이 가능할 것으로 평가되었다. In stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), the accurate location of treatment sites should be guaranteed from the respiratory motions of patients. Lots of studies on this topic have been conducted. In this letter, a new verification method simulating the real respiratory motion of heterogenous treatment regions was proposed to investigate the accuracy of lung SBRT for Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy. Based on the CT images of lung cancer patients, lung phantoms were fabricated to equip in $QUASAR^{TM}$ respiratory moving phantom using 3D printer. The phantom was bisected in order to measure 2D dose distributions by the insertion of EBT3 film. To ensure the dose calculation accuracy in heterogeneous condition, The homogeneous plastic phantom were also utilized. Two dose algorithms; Analytical Anisotropic Algorithm (AAA) and AcurosXB (AXB) were applied in plan dose calculation processes. In order to evaluate the accuracy of treatments under respiratory motion, we analyzed the gamma index between the plan dose and film dose measured under various moving conditions; static and moving target with or without gating. The CT number of GTV region was 78 HU for real patient and 92 HU for the homemade lung phantom. The gamma pass rates with 3%/3 mm criteria between the plan dose calculated by AAA algorithm and the film doses measured in heterogeneous lung phantom under gated and no gated beam delivery with respiratory motion were 88% and 78%. In static case, 95% of gamma pass rate was presented. In the all cases of homogeneous phantom, the gamma pass rates were more than 99%. Applied AcurosXB algorithm, for heterogeneous phantom, more than 98% and for homogeneous phantom, more than 99% of gamma pass rates were achieved. Since the respiratory amplitude was relatively small and the breath pattern had the longer exhale phase than inhale, the gamma pass rates in 3%/3 mm criteria didn't make any significant difference for various motion conditions. In this study, the new phantom model of 4D dose distribution verification using patient-specific lung phantoms moving in real breathing patterns was successfully implemented. It was also evaluated that the model provides the capability to verify dose distributions delivered in the more realistic condition and also the accuracy of dose calculation.