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심교문 ( Kyo Moon Shim ),김용석 ( Yong Seok Kim ),김건엽 ( Gun Yeob Kim ),이덕배 ( Deog Bae Lee ),강기경 ( Ki Keong Kang ),소규호 ( Kyu Ho So ),이강효 ( Kang Hyo Lee ) 한국농림기상학회 2012 한국농림기상학회지 Vol.14 No.4
In this study, in order to provide an information for artificial cultivation of wild mushroom, the meteorological effects on wild mushroom appearance were examined using daily meteorological observations in Chiak National Park. The survey of wild mushroom appearance was carried out once a month from June to October. Under high temperature and humidity conditions in July and August, the appearance of wild mushroom was frequent. In contrast, lower number of wild mushroom appeared in October. Wild mushroom appearance was affected by solar radiation, relative humidity, precipitation, and soil water content whereas the impact of air and soil temperature was lower than that of other meteorological elements.
심교문 ( Kyo Moon Shim ),김용석 ( Yong Seok Kim ),정명표 ( Myung Pyo Jung ),최인태 ( In Tae Choi ) 한국농림기상학회 2014 한국농림기상학회지 Vol.16 No.4
Air temperature has increased, while sunshine hour has decreased during the grain filling period of most rice cultivars (August to September) during the past 12 years from 2001 through 2012 in Korea. Climatic Productivity Index (CPI) has fallen because of the decreased sunshine hour and increased air temperature during the grain filling period, and the degree of reduction was greater with earlier heading. For stable rice production, we will need to delay the heading of rice as a cultivation measure against the future climatic trend. Grain yield showed no significant trend for past 12 years. However, the year to year change in grain yield showed a similliar pattern with that of CPI. Especially, a linear function relating rice yield to CPI explained approximately 63% of variation in grain yield with the heading date of August 11th period.
Beta 함수 모형을 이용한 국내 옥수수 품종의 출사기 예측
심교문,김용석,이진석,정명표,최인태,김호정,Shim, Kyo-Moon,Kim, Yong-Seok,Lee, Jin-Seok,Jung, Myung-Pyo,Choi, In-tae,Kim, Hojung 한국농림기상학회 2017 한국농림기상학회지 Vol.19 No.3
수원 등 4개의 시험포장에서 2008년부터 2013년까지 6년 동안 조사한 옥수수 품종의 생물계절(출사기 등) 자료와 시험포장 인근의 기상관측소에서 측정한 시간별 온도자료를 활용하여 온도기반의 Beta 함수 모형을 개발하였다. Beta 함수 모형을 이용하여 2종의 옥수수 품종에 대한 2014년과 2015년의 출사기 예측을 4개 조사지점에 대해서 각각 수행하였고, 그 결과를 활용하여 모형의 성능을 평가하였다. 모형에 의해 추정한 옥수수의 출사기는 시험포장에서 관측한 출사기보다 이르게 모의하였지만, 이들의 상관계수(r=0.859)는 높은 것으로 확인되었다. 모형의 성능은 지역과 연도에 따라서 다르게 평가되었는데, 이는 모형에 활용된 평균 모수의 표준편차가 커서 나타난 현상으로 추정되었고, 모수의 표준편차가 큰 현상은 시험포장의 기상관측자료의 부재로 다소 떨어진 인근의 기상관측자료를 활용한 것이 한 원인으로 판단되었다. A temperature-based Beta function model was developed for corn hybrids (Zea mays L.). The beta function based on the hourly temperature was fitted to the phenology data (silking date) obtained for six years from 2008 through 2013 at four survey sites. Using the Beta function model, silking dates for two corn hybrids with the different ecotype ('Danok3', 'Ilmichal') were estimated over two years from 2014 through 2015 at four sites, and then the performance of the model was evaluated based on the data for the same period. The silking dates estimated by the model were predicted earlier than those observed at survey sites. Still, the correlation between estimates and observation was relatively high (r=0.859). The accuracy of the model differed by the survey site and the year, which was likely due to the considerably large standard deviation of the parameter calibrated in this study.
최근의 기상환경 변화에 따른 가을보리의 수량구성요소 및 생육단계 변화
심교문(Kyo Moon Shim),윤성호(Seong Ho Yun),정영상(Yeong Sang Jung),이정택(Jeong Taek Lee),황규홍(Kyu Hong Hwang) 한국농림기상학회 2002 한국농림기상학회지 Vol.4 No.1
This study examines the relationships between atmospheric influences and grain yields including yield components as well as growth stages. Data used in this study were collected from the long-term field experiment at Suwon for the period between 1974 and 2000. Mean grain yield of barley cultivar, Olbori, for the recent 14 years(1987~2000) with warm winters was higher by 0.42 ton per hectare than that for 27 years(1974~2000) at Suwon as a result of the higher numbers of spikes per unit land area and grains per spike. However, the 1000-grain weight decreased by about 0.6 gram. Mean first day of regrowth for the recent 14 years was earlier by five days than that for 27 years. Also, beginning date of regrowth was positively correlated with that of heading and ripening. Mean period of ripening for the years of 1987 through 2000 was similar to that for 27 years, but mean period of overwintering was shorter by nine days than that for 27 years. On the other hand, mean periods of seedling and tillering were longer by three days than those for 27 years. Meteorological elements at various growth stages affecting grain yield of winter barley were air temperature (positive correlation) and sunshine hour (negative correlation) of overwintering stage, precipitation (negative correlation) of tillering stage, and potential evapotranpiration (positive correlation) of tillering stage. The 1000-grain weight was not significantly correlated with the meteorological elements. Culm length was negatively influenced by high temperature and dry weather situations during the ripening period, but spike length was positively influenced. Overall, it was found that grain yield of barley, cultivar Olbori, was influenced by meteorological elements of overwintering, tillering, and ripening stages.
심교문 ( Kyo Moon Shim ),고철순 ( Cheol Soon Ko ),이양수 ( Yang Soo Lee ),김건엽 ( Gun Yeob Kim ),이정택 ( Jeong Taek Lee ),김순정 ( Soon Jung Kim ) 한국농림기상학회 2007 한국농림기상학회지 Vol.9 No.3
지금까지 자생지의 기상환경평가는 주로 월별 기상자료와 연간 발생량을 토대로 하여 분석하였다. 또한, 기상자료도 발생 인근지역의 종관기상자료(기상청)를 주로 활용하였으므로, 기상요소와 버섯발생량의 상관성을 명확히 구명하는 데 효과적이지 못했다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 강원도 양양의 자생지에 기상측기를 설치하고, 3년간(2003~2005년) 자생지 주변의 기상환경과 버섯발생량을 측정 및 조사하여 이들의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 송이의 출현 개체수는 발생초일(9월상/중순)부터 발생종일(10월상/중순)까지 거의 매일 조사하여 기록하였다. 10월의 고온과 잦은 강우현상에 의해 발생종일이 늦추어진 2005년에 가장 많은 송이가 발생하였고, 9월의 적은 강우와 10월의 무 강우현상에 의해 발생종일이 앞당겨진 2004년에 송이가 가장 적게 발생하였다. 수분관련 기상요소(상대습도, 토양수분, 강우량)가 온도관련 기상요소(기온, 지온, 지중열류량, 일사량)보다 발생량과 상관성이 다소 높은 것으로 조사되었으나, 이들의 상관관계는 매우 낮았고(r=0.15~0.46), 통계적으로도 유의하지 않았다. 상관관계가 낮은 이유로는 발생량에 관여하는 인자가 기상요소뿐만 아니라 송이의 생물적 특징, 소나무와의 공생관계, 토양, 주변식생 등 다양한 인자가 존재하기 때문으로 생각되었다. 연중 균사생장을 하는 이 버섯원기를 형성하기 위해서는 저온자극이 필요한데, 본 연구에서는 지하 0.05 m 깊이의 3일 이동평균된 지온이 19.5℃이하로 떨어지는 일시적인 저온충격이 필요하며 이로부터 16일 후에 버섯이 발생하는 것으로 조사되었고, 송이의 발생종일은 3일 이동평균된 지온이 14℃이하로 떨어졌을 때 나타났다. The relationships between pine mushroom emergence and meteorological factors were analyzed with three years (from 2003 to 2005) of measurement data at Yangyang site, in order to evaluate the effect of micrometeorological environment on pine mushroom production. Pine mushroom was daily monitored and collected in the survey area during the its producing period (approximately one month). Pine mushroom production was highest in 2005 with the meteorological conditions of high temperature and frequent rainfalls in October. The production was lowest in 2004 due to dry conditions from mid September to late October. The meterological factors related to humidity (i.e., relative humidity, soil water content, and precipitation) were better correlated than those related to temperature (i.e., air and soil temperature, soil heat flux and solar radiation) with pine mushroom production. However, all of the correlation coefficients were statistically insignificant with values ranging from 0.15 to 0.46. Such poor correlations may be attributed to various other environmental conditions (e.g., topography, soil, vegetation, other fungi, the relationship between pine mushroom and pine forest) affecting pine mushroom production. We found that a mycelium requires a stimulation of low temperature (of three-day moving average) below 19.5℃, in order to form a mushroom primordium which grows to pine mushroom after 16 days from the stimulation. We also found that the pine mushroom production ended when the soil temperature (of three-day moving average) fell below 14.0℃.
심교문 ( Kyo Moon Shim ),김용석 ( Yong Seok Kim ),정명표 ( Myung Pyo Jung ),최인태 ( In Tae Choi ),민성현 ( Sung Hyun Min ) 한국농림기상학회 2014 한국농림기상학회지 Vol.16 No.1
1973년부터 2010년까지의 38년 동안의 순별 누적일조시간을 평년값과 비교하여 표준편차법으로 이상다조와 이상과조의 출현횟수를 시·공간적으로 분석하였다. 과거 38년 동안 이상일조의 출현횟수는 연 평균 1.24회(이상다조 0.55회, 이상과조 0.69회)로 조사되었다. 연도별로는 2001년에 이상다조의 출현횟수가 2.37회로 가장 많았고, 이상과조의 출현횟수는 2010년에 1.95회로 가장 많았다. 연대별 이상다조의 연간 출현횟수는 1970년대의 1.26회에서 2000년대의 0.47회로 크게 감소한 반면에, 이상과조의 연간 출현횟수는 1980년대의 0.39회에서 2000년대의 0.98회로 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 농업기후지대로 구분하여 분석하면, 과거 38년 동안 이상다조의 출현횟수가 가장 많았던 농업기후지대는 중부내륙지대로서 연 평균 1.35회이었고, 이상다조의 출현횟수가 가장 적었던 농업기후지대는 영남내륙산간지대로 0.21회였다. 반면에 과거 38년 동안 이상과조의 출현횟수가 가장 많았던 농업기후지대는 동해안남부지대로 연 평균 0.97회이었고, 이상과 조의 출현횟수가 가장 적었던 농업기후지대는 소배산 간지대(충주, 보은 등)로 연 평균 0.48회이었다. The occurrence of abnormal sunshine duration was analyzed using meteorological data collected from 60 observation stations during the last 38 years (1973-2010). The 20 agro-climatic zones defined by the Rural Development Administration, were used as a spatial unit for the analysis. On average, abnormal duration of sunshine occurred 1.24 times per year since 1973. The abnormally long duration of sunshine occurred less frequenctly in 2000s (0.47 per year) than in 1970s (1.26 per year). However, the frequency of abnormally short duration of sunshine has increased from an average of 0.58 per year in 1970s to 0.98 in 2000s. The highest frequency of abnormally long duration of sunshine appeared in Central Inland zone with an average of 1.35 frequencies per year. On the other hand, abnormally short duration of sunshine was the most frequent in South Eastern Coastal zone with an average of 0.97 frequencies per year.