HID LAMP 驅動을 위한 類似共振形 INVERTER에 관한 硏究

金光一,裵相俊 慶一大學校 1992 論文集 Vol.8 No.1

The cricuit of QRI(Quasi-Resonant Inverter) which is able to regulate frequency in the output voltage by the ZVS(Zero Volt Switching) was investigated. We found parameters in the circuit of QRI so that they have application to the HID(High Intensity Discharge) Lamp drive. Then we simulated that by personal computer and summarized the result of simulation.

經濟法序說

朴光緖 中央大學校 法政大學 學生會 1965 法政論叢 Vol.11 No.1

Corynebacterium hofmannii에 依한 전신감염 1예

문대혁,최강원,박석건,이광호 대한감염학회 1984 감염 Vol.16 No.1

Corynebacterium of hoffmannii is a part of normal pharyngeal flora. Human infection caused by C. hofmannii is very rare. All reported cases involve prosthetic or native cardiac valve. This patient sufered from chronic alcohlism, diabetes mellitus, and acute suppurative inflammation of brain, meninges and soft tissue. And he failed to show any clinical response to various antimicrobial therapy and died after discharge.

초등교원양성대학의 교육서비스품질과 학생만족도 및 충성도의 구조적 관계

곽민석(Kwag Min Seok),곽현규(Kwag Hyun Gyu) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2017 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.17 No.18

본 연구는 초등교원양성대학의 교육서비스품질과 학생만족도 및 충성도의 구조적관계를 분석하는데 그 목적이 있다. 모집단으로는 현재 전국교육대학교에 재학 중인 학생들을 선정하였고, 이 중 서울과 강원도, 충청도에 소재한 A대학교, B대학교, C 대학교 학생들을 2017년 6월 5일부터 23일까지 약 3주간 표본 집단으로 설정하여 연구를 진행하였다. 연구의 수행을 위해 설문지를 측정도구로써 사용하였으며, 총 234명의 자료를 분석하여 가설을 검증하였다. 자료 처리에는 Windows용 PASW 18.0과 AMOS 20.0 프로그램을 이용하였으며, 빈도분석, 신뢰도 분석, 확인적 요인분석, 상관관계분석, 구조방정식 모형분석을 통해 자료를 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 교육서비스품질은 학생만족도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 교육서비스품질은 학생충성도에 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 학생만족도는 학생충성도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 교육서비스품질과 학생충성도 사이에서 학생만족도는 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. The current study was aimed to investigate the structural relationships among educational service quality, satisfaction, and loyalty. Data were drawn from 234 students in three different universities. PASW 18.0 for windows and AMOS 20.0 program were used for data processing. Data were analyzed using frequency analysis, reliability analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, correlation analysis, and structural equation modeling techniques. The results were as follows. First, educational service quality had a positive effect on satisfaction. Second, educational service quality did not affect loyalty. Third, satisfaction had a positive effect on loyalty. Lastly, satisfaction fully mediated the relationship between educational service quality and loyalty.

The Impact of Nudging on Retirement Savings : A Comprehensive Review and Non-Parametric Tests

Kwag, Seung Woog 한국상업교육학회 2019 상업교육연구 Vol.33 No.4

급속한 노령인구 및 기대수명의 증가는 은퇴 후 삶의 위기라는 전대미문의 사회적, 경제적 난제를 탄생시켰다. 개인들뿐만 아니라 정부도 새로운 위기에 대한 이해와 준 비가 절대 부족하다. 풍요로운 은퇴 후 삶을 위한 연금이나 저축은 최적치와는 거리 가 멀다. 대부분의 사람들은 막연히 젊은 세대, 기술발전, 복지정책에 의지하며 위로 를 삼는다. 추상적인 기대, 희망, 퍼주기식 복지로는 위기를 해결할 수 없다. 개인이나 정부나 위기의식을 가지고 위기를 극복하려는 적극적인 노력과 개입을 해야 한다. 너 지식 접근법은 이미 수많은 연구와 정책적 실행을 통해서 그 효율성과 효과성을 입증 해 왔다. 퇴직연금 자동가입이나 연금저축의 중요성을 알려 주는 간단한 이메일 메시 지를 회람시키는 너지식 접근법만으로도 연금가입율과 연금저축률 획기적으로 개선할 수 있다. 본 연구는 너지식 접근법이 연금가입율이나 연금저축률을 부지불식간에 늘 릴 수 있는 가능성을 포괄적 선행연구 검토와 비모수검증을 통해 보여 준다. 기존의 경제적 접근법과 병행되어 사용된다면 그 효과는 배가될 것이고 새로운 위기는 새로 운 기회가 될 수 있다. The rapid growth in aged population and life expectancy exacerbated by the substantial decline in birth rate have created a new type of crisis: retirement crisis. People and governments are not familiar with this new problem and more seriously, they are not well prepared for it. The retirement saving rate is far from an optimal level and the majority of people passively rely on hopeful growth in production population, development in technology, and aggressive spending in welfare policy. We need a more active and effective cure to circumvent the rising crisis. Nudging is a great candidate with excellent history of success for such task. The present paper aims at comprehensively reviewing prior studies on the impact of various nudges on the rates of retirement participation and contribution and providing an analytical summary of non-parametric tests in which nudging activities at the corporate and governmental levels can significantly alter the retirement savings behavior and eventually the quality of post-retirement life. Specifically, a variety of nudging skills such as automatic enrollment and informative email improve the employee participation and additional savings in retirement plans at the corporate and public levels. Nudging might be a key to turn the new crisis into a new opportunity.

High performance elastomer composites containing ultra high cis polybutadiene with high abrasion and low rolling resistances

Kwag, Gwanghoon,Kim, Pillsung,Han, Shin,Lee, Seunghwon,Choi, Hyungkyu,Kim, Sunghyun Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2007 Journal of applied polymer science Vol.105 No.2

<P>A series of rubber composites with ultra high cis polybutadiene (UBR), NUC1–3, SBC1–4, SUS1–4, was prepared, and their vulcanized properties were measured and analyzed. The ultra high cis polybutadiene was prepared with the monomeric neodymium catalyst, Nd(neodecanoate)<SUB>3</SUB>·(neodecanoic acid). NUC composites were composed of natural rubber, ultra high cis polybutadiene, and carbon black. In the composite of a low carbon black content (NUC1, 45 phr), a high abrasion-resistance and a significantly low rolling resistance (tan δ<SUB>60°C</SUB>, 0.04) were obtained. According to the AFM study of NUC composites, abrasion resistance was closely related with surface morphology. In the SUS composites prepared with SSBR (solution styrene–butadiene copolymer), UBR, and silica, as the content of ultra high cis polybutadiene increased, Δcure torque (M<SUB>H</SUB>–M<SUB>L</SUB>) increased with fast cure kinetics. SUS4 showed high elongation and tensile strength with excellent abrasion resistance. Rolling resistance was improved as the content of ultra high cis polybutadiene increased. The SBC composites were prepared with SBR (emulsion styrene–butadiene copolymer), ultra high cis polybutadiene (or high cis polybutadiene), and carbon black. It is remarked that abrasion resistance and Δtan δ (tan δ <SUB>60°C</SUB> − tan δ<SUB>0°C</SUB>) are increased with ultra high cis polybutadiene. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007</P>

Who’s the king of the world?

Kwag, Hyo Jung 한국콘텐츠학회 2022 ICCC International Digital Design Invitation Exhib Vol.2022 No.07

Electronic property of Group IV phthalocyanine dimers: SiPcMPc

Kwag, G.,Bae, C.,Kim, S.,Lee, J.J.,Kenney, M.E. Elsevier Sequoia [etc.] 2009 Inorganica chimica acta Vol.362 No.6

A series of Group IV phthalocyanine (Pc) dimers, (n-C<SUB>6</SUB>H<SUB>13</SUB>)<SUB>3</SUB>SiOSiPcOSiPcOSi(n-C<SUB>6</SUB>H<SUB>13</SUB>)<SUB>3</SUB> (SiPcSiPc), (n-C<SUB>6</SUB>H<SUB>13</SUB>)<SUB>3</SUB>SiOSiPcOGePcOSi(n-C<SUB>6</SUB>H<SUB>13</SUB>)<SUB>3</SUB> (SiPcGePc), and (n-C<SUB>6</SUB>H<SUB>13</SUB>)<SUB>3</SUB>SiOSiPcOSnPcOH (SiPcSnPc), was characterized by cyclic voltammetry and DFT calculation. Two oxidations and two reductions were observed for (n-C<SUB>6</SUB>H<SUB>13</SUB>)<SUB>3</SUB>SiOSiPcOSiPcOSi(n-C<SUB>6</SUB>H<SUB>13</SUB>)<SUB>3</SUB> and (n-C<SUB>6</SUB>H<SUB>13</SUB>)<SUB>3</SUB>SiOSiPcOGePcOSi(n-C<SUB>6</SUB>H<SUB>13</SUB>)<SUB>3</SUB>, while there were two oxidations and three reductions for (n-C<SUB>6</SUB>H<SUB>13</SUB>)<SUB>3</SUB>SiOSiPcOSnPcOH. The Pc with a bigger size of the central metal in one part of the dimeric compound is more difficult to be oxidized but it is easier to be reduced at the same time: i.e., both oxidation and reduction potentials showed a positive shift with the increase of the size of the central metal atom. Density functional theory was used to optimize the structures of the Pc dimers and to understand the electrochemical properties. The optimized structures of HOSiPcOSiPcOH, HOSiPcOGePcOH and HOSiPcOSnPcOH as model compounds for SiPcSnPc, SiPcGePc, SiPcSiPc, respectively, show that all the Pc dimers are staggered, the plane-to-plane distances are 3.394, 3.538 and 3.722A, respectively. Tin generates a saddle-type structure of phthalocyanine, but silicon or germanium does not greatly distort the ring structure, and yields a planar ring structure. A large plane-to-plane distance and a high degree of plane distortion yield a red-shift of Q-band, a low ring current, high oxidation and low reduction potentials and high ionization energies.

Study of activation process and active site of co-based catalyst for 1, 3-butadiene polymerization using X-ray absorption spectroscopy and DFT calculations

Kwag, Gwanghoon,Bae, Chulbeom,Kim, Sunghyun Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2009 Journal of applied polymer science Vol.113 No.4

<P>Activation process and active site of Co-based Ziegler-Natta catalysts were studied by using synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopic technique and an optimum model of the cobalt active site was proposed with density functional theory (DFT) calculations. In the X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectrum of Co(2-ethylhexanoate)<SUB>2</SUB>, the preedge peak, 1s → 3d transition at 7707.8 eV and the K-edge peak, 1s → 4p transition at 7719.2 eV were observed. Both the intense K-edge and the weak preedge peaks indicate that Co(2-ethylhexanoate)<SUB>2</SUB> possesses high O<SUB>h</SUB> symmetry and the cobalt exists in a divalent state. Upon addition of methylaluminoxane (MAO), some changes in peak positions and intensities were observed. The preedge peak was a little shifted to 7708.2 eV with increased intensity, and the K-edge peak was shifted to a lower energy, 7717.2 eV with decreased intensity. This indicates that the oxidation state of cobalt still mainly remained +2 and the coordination geometry was altered from O<SUB>h</SUB> to T<SUB>d</SUB> resulting from Co 3d and 4p orbital mixing with a loss of O<SUB>h</SUB> symmetry. In the XANES spectrum of a mixture of Co(2-ethylhexanoate)<SUB>2</SUB>, MAO and t-BuCl, the K-edge peak at 7715.7 eV was observed. The orbital mixing of 4p cobalt and 2p chlorine orbitals results in a low energy transition. In 1,3-butadiene polymerization, this is attributable to the coordination of chlorine to cobalt, which is believed to facilitate cis-configuration and increasing reactivity. B(C<SUB>6</SUB>F<SUB>5</SUB>)<SUB>3</SUB> was employed as Lewis acid, but no significant interaction with cobalt was found in the XANES spectrum of a mixture of Co(2-ethylhexanoate)<SUB>2</SUB>, Al(iBu)<SUB>3<SUP>,</SUP></SUB> and B(C<SUB>6</SUB>F<SUB>5</SUB>)<SUB>3</SUB>, which is similar to the XANES of a mixture of Co(2-ethylhexanoate)<SUB>2</SUB> and Al(iBu)<SUB>3</SUB>. B(C<SUB>6</SUB>F<SUB>5</SUB>)<SUB>3</SUB> as Lewis acid does not greatly disturb the coordination symmetry of cobalt nor influence the oxidation state. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009</P>

Binding of zinc(II) macrocycles toward carboxylate ligands

Kwag, Jin Suk,Kim, Ju Chang,Lough, Alan J.,Lee, Byung Min Springer-Verlag 2010 Transition metal chemistry Vol.35 No.1