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전주산업단지 및 주변지역 VOCs 및 악취물질 모니터링
김용문,박비오,고영삼,심재정,송병식,양고수 전북대학교 공학연구원 ( 구 전북대학교 공업기술연구소 ) 2002 工學硏究 Vol.33 No.-
Important main odorous compounds and VOCs(volatile organic compounds) possibly emitted from the Jeon-Ju Industrial Sites were identified and measured in amount through making air sampling over Jeon-Ju Industrial Sites and analyzing them with the sate of the art analytical instrument. Sampling sites were chosen 8 points by considering the industrial characteristics for the 1,2 Industrial Sites and 2 points for the 3 Industrial. Site Sampling times were two times, the first one was March. 2002 - April. 2002, and the second was May. 2002 - July. 2002. Canister sampling units and polyester bags were used to collect 6 liters air samples during 1hour or 3minutes for VOCs and polyester bags were used to sample 10 - 50 liters of air for 3 minutes depending on analytic characteristics of odor compounds. The important main VOCs were measured as acetone, ethyl benzene, n-hexane, m,p-xylene, toluene, M.E.K.(methyl ethyl ketone), isopropanol, ethyl acetate, o-xylene, n-butyl acetate, ethanol, benzene as in order of average concentration for the Industrial Sites. The main odorous compounds were COS, H2S, CS2, MM(methyl mercaptan), form aldehyde, acetaldehyde for the 1,2 Industrial Sites and COS, H2S, form aldehyde, acetaldehyde were measured as main species for the 3 Industrial Site. NH3 was measured as below the detection limit of the instrument. The concentrations of sulfide compounds for the 1,2 Industrial Sites were relatively higher than ones for the 3 Industrial Site. Among aldehydes, form aldehyde, acetaldehyde were detected very highly as 0.1- 1ppm over all the Industrial Sites.
공업단지 내와 인근 풍하지점의 주요 VOCs 성분별 농도측정 및 분석
김득수,양고수,박비오 7개 국립대학교 환경연구논문집 공동발행 위원회 2005 공업기술연구 Vol.5 No.-
It has been knoun that many kinds of VOC(volatile organic compound) and odorous compound's sources are in the urban and industrial areas and intensify their emissions into the atmoshere. These VOCs have adverse effects in human health and trees directly, and VOCs have an important role in production of the photochemical smog such as ozone and fine particles, so they decrease visibility and deteriorate the urban air quality as well. Specifically, in urban atmosphere, hydroxy radicals(OH) are produced largely by chemical reactions involving the VOCs emitted from vehicles. The OH promote the photochemical reactions and makes more secondary pollutants into the atmosphere. It will be necessary to make proper management plans to preserve the air quality in good level for the peoples. In order to make these plans, source information and detail emission inventory of the city and near industrial areas should be given. However, lack of the source measurements data makes us more difficult to complete the source inventory. VOC source inventory could be utilized for the feasibility study to estimate the contribution of VOC sources presenting to the receptor such as residential area. It may give policy maker and idea how to control the air quality, and improve their social environment in the area. This study shows preliminary data that measured VOC concentrations from the local industrial areas in Jeonju during from May to October 2005. The samples from the 2 receptor sites (one is at center of the industrial area and the other site is at distance residential area dounwind from the center) were collected and analyzed for the comparison to source concentration. The mass contributions of the speciated VOC from the different sources and ambient (2 receptors) were presented and discussed.
광양시 생활폐기물 소각시설 건설사업 기술용역 환경성 조사 및 기본계획수립
김용문,박비오,양고수 國立 麗水大學校 環境問題硏究所 1998 環境硏究論文集 Vol.1 No.-
The physicochemical properties of Kwangyang municipal waste were analyzed in terms of bulk density, physical composition, moisture content, combustible and ashy content, chemical element, and heating value. A representative waste sample was made by collecting samples at various location in the city and considering weighting factor depending on the regional(residential, commercial, industrial sites) waste generating portion based on the last published reports regarding the waste generation on Kwangyang, Yosu, Suncheon cities by Korea Environmental Protection Agency. The Korean Waste Standard Methods were used to collect samples and analytical measurements. The estimated bulk density of total waste was 211.8㎏/㎥, the average moisture content was 40%, the average combustible content was 48%, the average ash content was 12%, The average low heat value was 1,616㎉/㎏, which was little lower than the average one of the whole country. The result of chemical elemental analysis showed that most of the hazardous heavy metals such as As. Hg were detected or negligible and the contents of sulfur and chloride were also relatively low.
전주산업단지 및 주변지역 VOCs 및 악취물질 모니터링(Ⅱ)
박성순,김용문,박비오,양고수 전북대학교 공학연구원 ( 구 전북대학교 공업기술연구소 ) 2003 工學硏究 Vol.34 No.-
Important main odorous componds and VOCs(volatile organic componds) possibly emitted from the Jeon-Ju Industrial Sites were identified and measured in amount through making air sampling over Jeon-Ju Industrial Sites and analyzing them with the sate of the art analytical instrument. Sampling sites were chosen 8 points by considering the industrial characteristics for the 1,2 Industrial Sites and 2 points for the 3 Industrial. Site Sampling times were two times, the first was September. 2002, the second was November. 2002, and the third February. 2003. Canister sampling units and polyester bags were used to collect 6 liters air samples during 1hour or 3 minutes for VOCs and polyester bags were used to sample 10∼50 liters of air for 3 minutes depending on analytic characteristics of odor compounds. The important main VOCs were measured as ahexane(11.7ppb), 2-methyl(10.3ppb), methyl acetate(9.3ppb), methyl cyclopentane(7.2ppb), dichloromethane(5.2ppb), toluene(4.9ppb), m,p-xylene(4.8ppb), methanol(4.7ppb), M.E.K(methyl ethyl ketone : 3.9ppb), ethyl benzene(3.6ppb), n-undecane(3.6ppb), o-xylene(2.6ppb), 2-methyl hexane(2.6ppb), n-butylacetate(2.4ppb) as in oder of average concentration for the Industrial Sites. In the case of measurement ingredient for sulfur compounds, appeared by MM (N.d - 1.67ppb), DMS(N.d - 1.32ppb), DMDS(N.d - 1.76ppb). NH_(3) was measured as below the detection limit of the instrument. Among aldehydes, form aldehyde, acetaldehyde were detected very highly as 0.1- 1ppm over all the Industrial Sites.
설명 가능한 인공지능 기반 스마트팩토리 이상 징후 탐지 및 원인 분석기술 연구
임승범(Sueng-Bum Lim),김홍비(Hong-Bi Kim),이태진(Tae-Jin Lee) 한국통신학회 2022 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2022 No.2
스마트팩토리(ICS)는 다른 IT 환경보다도 더 높은 보안성과 가용성을 요구한다. 사이버 공격뿐만 아니라 장비의 고장 및 자연재해로 발생할 수 있는 비정상적인 변화도 감지해야 한다. 본 논문에서는 현장 분석가의 해석을 중심으로 고장진단 및 이상 징후 탐지하는 현 상황에 FFT, CDF 도입과 AI를 활용해 시각화한 분석을 통해 이상 징후 탐지 및 분석하는 방법을 제안한다. 실제 공작기계 센서를 통해 감지한 진동 값을 1차원 시계열 데이터의 의미 있는 분석을 위해 FFT를 적용해 주파수 대역으로 변환하고, 누적 분포 함수(CDF) 와 시계열 기반 이상 징후 탐지 결과에 설명 가능한 AI(XAI) SHAP 모델을 적용한 방법 두 가지를 제안한다. 누적 분포 함수(CDF)를 적용하는 방법은 정상 데이터의 평균과 표준편차를 통해 0과 1 사이의 분포 값으로 이상 징후를 탐지한다. 정상일 경우 CDF 값은 0.5 주위에 주로 분포하게 되며, 고장일 경우에 CDF 값이 0.9 이상의 비율이 크게 변화하게 된다. CDF를 통한 이상 징후 탐지 결과 정상의 경우 CDF값이 0.9 이상인 개수가 드물었고, 고장의 경우 정상에 비해 매우 많이 측정되었다. BI-LSTM 방법은 시계열 기반 이상 징후 탐지로 정상 데이터를 학습해 임계값을 설정하고 비정상 데이터를 탐지한다. 이상 징후 분석으로 SHAP 기반 XAI를 적용을 통해서 이상 점수를 산출해 이상 점수가 임계값 이상일 경우 이상으로 판단하고, Heatmap과 Plot을 통해 시각화한다. XAI를 통한 이상 징후 점수 계산 결과 정상의 평균값은 0.0025이고, 고장의 평균값은 약 0.0448로 고장이 정상과 비교하면 약 18배 정도 높게 측정이 되었다.
김주한(Ju-Han Kim),김다비(Da-Bi Kim),김도연(Do-Yeon Kim),김명교(Myung-Kyo Kim),김진성(Jin-Sung Kim),김영옥(Young-Ok Kim),신동혁(Dong-Hyuk Shin) 한국IT서비스학회 2021 한국IT서비스학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.-
본 연구는 광범위한 개념적 특성으로 인해 불명확한 메타버스의 개념을 분명히 정의함을 목적으로 하며, 현재 서비스 중인 국내 및 해외의 메타버스 플랫폼들을 매핑하여 실증분석하였다. 국내를 포함한 전세계에서 메타버스, AR, VR, MR, XR 등의 용어들이 의미상 명확한 구분 없이 혼용되면서 위 기술들에 대한 의미론적 불신으로 이어지고 마케팅 용어에 불과하다는 오해가 제기되는상황이다. 이러한 문제를 해결하고 메타버스 및 관련 기술들에 대한 올바른 포용을 유도하는 데에기여하기 위해 실제 서비스되고 있는 메타버스 플랫폼들의 기능 분석을 바탕으로 메타버스를 계층화하여 메타버스를 명확히 정의하고자 한다. 메타버스는 AR, VR, XR로 나누어 계층화하였으며 각각 출력 가능 범위와 기능이 확장된 정도를 계층 상승의 기준으로 정하였다.
Kim, Hyun‐,Ouk,Kim, Eunjung,An, Yonghee,Choi, Jihye,Jang, Eunji,Choi, Eun Bi,Kukreja, Aastha,Kim, Myeong‐,Hoon,Kang, Byunghoon,Kim, Dong‐,Joo,Suh, Jin‐,Suck,Huh, Yong‐,Mi WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2013 Macromolecular bioscience Vol.13 No.6
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Combined cancer treatment via co‐delivery of siRNAs and an anticancer drug can be a promising strategy due to the synergistic effect of simultaneously minimizing gene/drug administration. In this study, Bcl‐xL siRNA and doxorubicin (DOX) are encapsulated into designed methoxy‐poly(ethylene glycol)‐<I>block</I>‐poly(<SMALL>D</SMALL>,<SMALL>L</SMALL>‐lactic acid) (mPEG‐<I>b</I>‐PLA) block copolymer polymersomes (PSomes). A study of the cytotoxicity of Bcl‐xL siRNA and DOX co‐encapsulated PSomes (CPSomes) shows more inhibited proliferation of MKN‐45 and MKN‐28 human gastric cancer cell lines than only gene‐ and drug‐loaded ones. Consequently, these results demonstrate that co‐delivery of genes and drugs using PSomes results in a synergistic efficacy and indicates the potential of PSomes as efficient nanocarriers for combined cancer therapy. </P>