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Characteristics of Thiamine Uptake by the BeWo Human Trophoblast Cell Line
Keating, Elisa,Lemos, Clara,Azevedo, Isabel,Martel, Fatima Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 2006 Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.39 No.4
Little is known concerning the mechanisms responsible for the transplacental transfer of thiamine. So, the aim of this work was to characterize the placental uptake of thiamine from the maternal circulation, by determining the characteristics of $^3H$-thiamine uptake by a human trophoblast cell line (BeWo). Uptake of $^3H$-thiamine (50-100 nM) by BeWo cells was: 1) temperature-dependent and energy-independent; 2) pH-dependent (uptake increased as the extracellular medium pH decreased); 3) $Na^+$-dependent and $Cl^-$-independent; 4) not inhibited by the thiamine structural analogs amprolium, oxythiamine and thiamine pyrophosphate; 5) inhibited by the unrelated organic cations guanidine, N-methylnicotinamide, tetraethylammonium, clonidine and cimetidine; 6) inhibited by the organic cation serotonin, and by two selective inhibitors of the serotonin plasmalemmal transporter (hSERT), fluoxetine and desipramine. We conclude that $^3H$-thiamine uptake by BeWo cells seems to occur through a process distinct from thiamine transporter-1 (hThTr-1) and thiamine transporter-2 (hThTr-2). Rather, it seems to involve hSERT. Moreover, chronic (48 h) exposure of cells to caffeine ($1\;{\mu}M$) stimulated and chronic exposure to xanthohumol and iso-xanthohumol (1 and $0.1\;{\mu}M$, respectively) inhibited $^3H$-thiamine uptake, these effects being not mediated through modulation of the expression levels of either hThTr-1 or hSERT mRNA.
Same but not the same – How much do we look into it for localization design?
Zhang Hua,Maria Taslim,Matt Keating 한국HCI학회 2014 한국HCI학회 학술대회 Vol.2014 No.12
This paper aims to discuss the design attributes in crosscultural design in order to balance the localization design and cost. In the first section, a background of cross-cultural design is introduced. Literature review addresses the previous studies of the cross-cultural design and findings design dimensions. The second session provides three case studies to discuss the risk and impact of using single country level dimension in the research. Lastly, the paper provides recommendations on the attributes to consider for researchers and designers.
Cluster expansion models for flexible-backbone protein energetics
Apgar, James R.,Hahn, Seungsoo,Grigoryan, Gevorg,Keating, Amy E. Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2009 Journal of computational chemistry Vol.30 No.15
<P>Protein structure prediction and design often involve discrete modeling of side-chain conformations on structural templates. Introducing backbone flexibility into such models has proven important in many different applications. Backbone flexibility improves model accuracy and provides access to larger sequence spaces in computational design, although at a cost in complexity and time. Here, we show that the influence of backbone flexibility on protein conformational energetics can be treated implicitly, at the level of sequence, using the technique of cluster expansion. Cluster expansion provides a way to convert structure-based energies into functions of sequence alone. It leads to dramatic speed-ups in energy evaluation and provides a convenient functional form for the analysis and optimization of sequence-structure relationships. We show that it can be applied effectively to flexible-backbone structural models using four proteins: α-helical coiled-coil dimers and trimers, zinc fingers, and Bcl-x<SUB>L</SUB>/peptide complexes. For each of these, low errors for the sequence-based models when compared with structure-based evaluations show that this new way of treating backbone flexibility has considerable promise, particularly for protein design. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2009</P> <B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P> <img src='wiley_img/01928651-2009-30-15-JCC21249-gra001.gif' alt='wiley_img/01928651-2009-30-15-JCC21249-gra001'> </P>
Watson, Z.T.,Han, W.S.,Keating, E.H.,Jung, N.H.,Lu, M. North-Holland Pub. Co ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2014 Earth and planetary science letters Vol.408 No.-
The CO<SUB>2</SUB> bubble volume fraction, eruption velocity, flash depth and mass emission of CO<SUB>2</SUB> were determined from multiple wellbore CO<SUB>2</SUB>-driven cold-water geysers (Crystal and Tenmile geysers, in Utah and Chimayo geyser in New Mexico). At shallow depths the bubble volume fraction ranges from 0 to 0.8, eruption velocities range from 2 to 20 m/s and flash depths are predominately shallow ranging from 5 to 40 m below the surface. Annual emission of CO<SUB>2</SUB> is estimated to be (4.77+/-1.92)x10<SUP>3</SUP>, (6.17+/-1.73)x10<SUP>1</SUP>, (6.54+/-0.57)x10<SUP>1</SUP>t/yr for Crystal, Tenmile and Chimayo geysers, respectively. These estimates are coherent with Burnside et al. (2013) showing that the rate of CO<SUB>2</SUB> leakage from wellbores is greater than fault-parallel or diffuse CO<SUB>2</SUB> leakage. The geyser plumbing geometry consists of a vertical wellbore which allows for the upward migration of CO<SUB>2</SUB>-rich fluids due to artesian conditions. The positive feedback system of a CO<SUB>2</SUB>-driven eruption occurs within the well. Active inflow of CO<SUB>2</SUB> into the regional aquifers through faulted bedrock allows geysering to persist for decades. Crystal geyser erupts for over 24 h at a time, highlighting the potential for a wellbore in a natural environment to reach relatively steady-state high velocity discharge. Mitigating high velocity CO<SUB>2</SUB>-driven discharge from wellbores will, however, be easier than mitigating diffuse leakage from faults or into groundwater systems.
THE <i>COSMIC INFRARED BACKGROUND EXPERIMENT</i> ( <i>CIBER</i> ): THE WIDE-FIELD IMAGERS
Bock, J.,Sullivan, I.,Arai, T.,Battle, J.,Cooray, A.,Hristov, V.,Keating, B.,Kim, M. G.,Lam, A. C.,Lee, D. H.,Levenson, L. R.,Mason, P.,Matsumoto, T.,Matsuura, S.,Mitchell-Wynne, K.,Nam, U. W.,Renbarg IOP Publishing 2013 The Astrophysical journal, Supplement series Vol.207 No.2