Computer-aided diagnosis using morphological features for classifying breast lesions on ultrasound

Huang, Y.-L.,Chen, D.-R.,Jiang, Y.-R.,Kuo, S.-J.,Wu, H.-K.,Moon, W. K. John Wiley Sons, Ltd. 2008 Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology Vol.32 No.4

<B>Objectives</B><P>To develop and evaluate a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system with automatic contouring and morphological analysis to aid in the classification of breast tumors using ultrasound.</P><B>Methods</B><P>We evaluated 118 breast lesions (34 malignant and 84 benign tumors). Each tumor contour was automatically extracted from the digitized ultrasound image. Nineteen practical morphological features from the extracted contour were calculated and principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to find independent features. A support vector machine (SVM) classifier utilized the selected principal vectors to identify the breast tumor as benign or malignant. In this study, all the cases were sampled with k-fold cross-validation (k = 10) to evaluate the performance by receiver–operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis.</P><B>Results</B><P>The areas under the ROC curves for the proposed CAD systems using all morphological features and the lower-dimensional principal vector were 0.91 and 0.90, respectively. The classification ability for breast tumors using morphological information was good.</P><B>Conclusions</B><P>This system differentiates benign from malignant breast tumors well and therefore provides a clinically useful second opinion. Moreover, the morphological features are nearly setting-independent and thus available to various ultrasound machines. Copyright © 2008 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</P>

The Role of Inflammatory Mediators in the Pathogenesis of Otitis Media and Sequelae

Steven K. Juhn,정민교,Mark D. Hoffman,Brian R. Drew,Diego A. Preciado,Nicholas J. Sausen,Timothy T.K. Jung,Bo Hyung Kim,박상유,Jizhen Lin,Frank G. Ondrey,David R. Mains,Tina Huang 대한이비인후과학회 2008 Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology Vol.1 No.3

This review deals with the characteristics of various inflammatory mediators identified in the middle ear during otitis media and in cholesteatoma. The role of each inflammatory mediator in the pathogenesis of otitis media and cholesteatoma has been discussed. Further, the relation of each inflammatory mediator to the pathophysiology of the middle and inner ear along with its mechanisms of pathological change has been described. The mechanisms of hearing loss including sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) as a sequela of otitis media are also discussed. The passage of inflammatory mediators through the round window membrane into the scala tympani is indicated. In an experimental animal model, an application of cytokines and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a bacterial toxin, on the round window membrane induced sensorineural hearing loss as identified through auditory brainstem response threshold shifts. An increase in permeability of the blood-labyrinth barrier (BLB) was observed following application of these inflammatory mediators and LPS. The leakage of the blood components into the lateral wall of the cochlea through an increase in BLB permeability appears to be related to the sensorineural hearing loss by hindering K+ recycling through the lateral wall disrupting the ion homeostasis of the endolymph. Further studies on the roles of various inflammatory mediators and bacterial toxins in inducing the sensorineumral hearing loss in otitis media should be pursued.

Photoluminescence and Electromodulation Spectroscopy Characterization of Zn0.93Mg0.07Se and Zn0.81Be0.04Mg0.15Se Mixed Crystals

H. P. Hsu,D. O. Dumcenco,C. T. Huang,Y. S. Huang,F. Firszt,S. Legowski,H. Meczynsk,K. Strza lkowski,A. Marasek,K. K. Tiong 한국물리학회 2008 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.53 No.1

A detailed optical characterization of zinc-blende-type Zn0.93Mg0.07Se and Zn0.81Be0.04Mg0.15Se mixed-crystal samples grown by using the modified high pressure Bridgman method has been carried out via photoluminescence (PL), contactless electrore ectance (CER) and photore ectance (PR) in the temperature range of 15 to 400 K. PL spectra at low temperatures consist of an exciton line, a broader emission band due to recombination of donor-acceptor pairs and a broad band related to recombination through deep-level defects. Interband transitions, originating from the band edge and spin-orbit splitting critical points, have been observed in the CER/PR spectra. The optical properties of these two mixed crystals are compared and the results indicate the superior quality of the Be-incorporated mixed quaternary crystals. The peak positions of the excitonic emission lines in the PL spectra correspond quite well to the energies of the fundamental transitions obtained by means of electromodulation data. The parameters that describe the temperature dependence of the fundamental and spin split-off band gaps and the broadening function of the band-edge excitons are evaluated and discussed. A detailed optical characterization of zinc-blende-type Zn0.93Mg0.07Se and Zn0.81Be0.04Mg0.15Se mixed-crystal samples grown by using the modified high pressure Bridgman method has been carried out via photoluminescence (PL), contactless electrore ectance (CER) and photore ectance (PR) in the temperature range of 15 to 400 K. PL spectra at low temperatures consist of an exciton line, a broader emission band due to recombination of donor-acceptor pairs and a broad band related to recombination through deep-level defects. Interband transitions, originating from the band edge and spin-orbit splitting critical points, have been observed in the CER/PR spectra. The optical properties of these two mixed crystals are compared and the results indicate the superior quality of the Be-incorporated mixed quaternary crystals. The peak positions of the excitonic emission lines in the PL spectra correspond quite well to the energies of the fundamental transitions obtained by means of electromodulation data. The parameters that describe the temperature dependence of the fundamental and spin split-off band gaps and the broadening function of the band-edge excitons are evaluated and discussed.

Evaluation of La_1.8Sr_0.2NiO_4+δ as cathode for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells

Wang, Y.P.,Xu, Q.,Huang, D.P.,Zhao, K.,Chen, M.,Kim, B.H. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2016 International journal of hydrogen energy Vol.41 No.15

<P>The electrical conducting, thermal expansion and electrochemical properties of La1.8Sr0.2NiO4+delta were investigated in view of cathode utilization for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells. La1.8Sr0.2NiO4+delta exhibited electrical conductivities of 96 -114 S cm(-1) at 600-800 degrees C and a thermal expansion coefficient of 12.6 x 10(-6) K-1 between 50 and 1000 degrees C. Based on a three-electrode half cell, the electrode properties of La1.8Sr0.2NiO4+delta were diagnosed using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and chronopotentiometry techniques. Moreover, the, performance of an anode-supported single cell with La1.8Sr0.2NiO4+delta cathode was examined. Compared with La2NiO4+delta, La1.8Sr0.2NiO4+delta manifested improved electrode properties under cathodic polarization conditions while showing an analogous catalytic activity under open-circuit conditions. At 800 degrees C in air, La1.8Sr0.2NiO4+delta electrode displayed a polarization resistance of 0.41 0 cm(2) and a cathodic overpotential of 90 mV at 200 mA cm(-2). The anode-supported single cell with La1.8Sr0.2NiO4+delta cathode achieved a maximum power density of 520 mW cm(-2) at 800 degrees C in hydrogen fuel. Copyright (C) 2016, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>

OGLE-2016-BLG-1190Lb: The First<i>Spitzer</i>Bulge Planet Lies Near the Planet/Brown-dwarf Boundary

Ryu, Y.-H.,Yee, J. C.,Udalski, A.,Bond, I. A.,Shvartzvald, Y.,Zang, W.,Jaimes, R. Figuera,Jørgensen, U. G.,Zhu, W.,Huang, C. X.,Jung, Y. K.,Albrow, M. D.,Chung, S.-J.,Gould, A.,Han, C.,Hwang, K.-H.,Sh American Astronomical Society 2018 The Astronomical journal Vol.155 No.1

<P>We report the discovery of OGLE-2016-BLG-1190Lb, which is likely to be the first Spitzer microlensing planet in the Galactic bulge/ bar, an assignation that can be confirmed by two epochs of high-resolution imaging of the combined source-lens baseline object. The planet's mass, M-p = 13.4 +/- 0.9 M-J, places it right at the deuteriumburning limit, i. e., the conventional boundary between 'planets' and 'brown dwarfs.' Its existence raises the question of whether such objects are really ' planets' (formed within the disks of their hosts) or 'failed stars' (lowmass objects formed by gas fragmentation). This question may ultimately be addressed by comparing disk and bulge/bar planets, which is a goal of the Spitzer microlens program. The host is a G dwarf, M-host = 0.89. +/- 0.07 M-circle dot, and the planet has a semimajor axis a similar to 2.0 au. We use Kepler K2 Campaign 9 microlensing data to break the lens-mass degeneracy that generically impacts parallax solutions from Earth-Spitzer observations alone, which is the first successful application of this approach. The microlensing data, derived primarily from near-continuous, ultradense survey observations from OGLE, MOA, and three KMTNet telescopes, contain more orbital information than for any previous microlensing planet, but not quite enough to accurately specify the full orbit. However, these data do permit the first rigorous test of microlensing orbital-motion measurements, which are typically derived from data taken over < 1% of an orbital period.</P>

Pressure Distribution Assessments for a Beam of a Flat Wiper Blade

( D. -c. Huang ),( M. -z. Zhang ),( Z. -q. Huang ),( K. -c. Liao ) 한국농업기계학회 2018 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.23 No.1

Recently standard wiper blades have been gradually replaced by flat wiper blades due to several advantages such as simple structures. A schematic approach is developed to appraise the suitability of the geometry of a metallic beam, one of major components of the flat wipe blade, in the present study. The beam is compressed against a level surface via a rocker arm mechanism, and the corresponding pressure distribution under the beam is measured by using piezoelectric sensors. Pressure distributions along the longitudinal direction of the beam based on the numerical simulations are in good agreement with those based on the experiments. A parameterized beam model is proposed here to achieve anticipated characteristics of the pressure distributions of the beam provided. Three geometric parameters built in a computer-aided drawing (CAD) model are investigated to evaluate their influences on the pressure distributions of the beam. An optimization software linked to CAD software and a finite element analysis software is further adopted based on various self-defined optimization indexes to search for an ideal parameter combinations. The suggested geometry of the beam is then sampled to validate the appropriateness of the current pressure assessment procedures.

High Resolution and High Contrast Bio-Medical X-ray Imaging Technique Using Synchrotron Radiation in PLS

Huang, Jung Yun,Jin, K. S.,Lim, J. H.,Kim, H. Y.,Jang, S. D.,Choi, H. J.,Gil, K. H.,Lee, S. K. Korean Physical Society 2010 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.56 No.6

Test, 3D Scanning and FE Study on Flexural Behavior of Q550E HPS Beams Subjected to Local Corrosion at Mid-Span Region

Huang Tang,Jianxin Peng,C.S. Cai,Deuckhang D. K. Lee 한국강구조학회 2022 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.22 No.5

The main goal of this study is to investigate the eff ect of local corrosion at the mid-span region on the fl exural behavior of HPS (high-performance steel) beams. Four Q550E HPS beams were designed and subjected to electrochemically accelerated corrosion. The 3D scanning technology was used to analyze the geometric characteristics of corrosion regions. After the fourpoint fl exural test, the relationship between the degradation of fl exural behavior and the corrosion ratio or corroded location (right side of pure bending section and lower half of pure bending section) was studied in details. The FE (fi nite element) model of corroded HPS beams was established and strictly verifi ed by comparing with the tested results. Additionally, different heights and thicknesses of the corroded parts were considered in the FE models. Failure modes and bearing capacity degradation of the HPS beams caused by local corrosion were studied by analyzing above parameters. The results shows that the corrosion at the compressive fl ange of bending section has a greater infl uence on the ultimate bearing capacity than tension fl ange and web. The HPS beam corroded in right side of pure bending section has the most signifi cant compressive fl ange buckling compared. The failure mode of HPS beams with corrosion in lower half of pure bending section changes from obviously compressive fl ange buckling and local web yielded to all web yielded with the increase of corrosion ratio. The infl uence of bottom fl ange corrosion on remaining critical buckling load of beam is slightly more signifi cant than the ultimate load, but the infl uence degree of top fl ange corrosion on above two loads are basically the same.

Multisublevel transport and magnetoquantum oscillations in quantum wires

S.K.Lyo,D.H.Huang 한국물리학회 2004 Current Applied Physics Vol.4 No.5

Transport in one-dimensional (1D) wires show interesting properties due to restricted 1D phase space. We calculate 1D transport properties to a controlled accuracy and examine the eect of combined elastic and inelastic scattering on the conductanceG and thethermoelectric powerS of a single-quantum-well wire (SQWR) and tunnel-coupled double-quantum-well wires (DQWR’s) in aperpendicular magnetic eld. The eld dependence ofG and Sare strikingly dierent in ballistic and diusive regimes. Interwell tunneling in DQWR’s distorts the conductance and the TEP drastically from those of a SQWR and yields a sign anomaly for S.

The Bandgap Structure and the Transfer Behavior of 1-D Dielectric Photonic Crystals with Magnetic Defect Layers

M. D. Huang,이영백,이주열,K. W. Kim,P. J. Kim,S. Y. Park,Y. H. Lu 한국물리학회 2006 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.49 No.5I

This work concerns the optical properties of not only 1-D photonic crystals (PCs) on a glass substrate, consisting of dielectric Ti2O3 and Al2O3, but also 1-D magnetic PCs of Bi:YIG thin layers added to the 1-D PCs. The structure of the pure dielectric multilayers was optimized, and the omni-photonic bandgap (PBG) properties were investigated. When a Bi:YIG layer with an optical thickness of ¸/2 is inserted, a defect mode is obtained at the designed wavelength within the PBG. However, if the thickness is ¸/4, no defect mode is observed. More magnetic defect layers produce correspondingly more defect modes. The existence of magnetic layers leads to a considerable amount of coupled light, perpendicular to the polarization direction of the linearly-polarized incident light, revealing a large magneto-optical eect, which is related to localized photon states at the defect modes within the PBG. The intensity of coupled light is found to be easily aected by absorption in the magnetic layers.