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Jun Lei Gao,Peng Wang,Chang-Hai Zhou,Ping Li,Hong Yu Tang,Jiabao Zhang,Yimin Cai 아세아·태평양축산학회 2019 Animal Bioscience Vol.32 No.12
Objective: To effectively use corn stover resources as animal feed, we explored the chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of corn stover during field exposure and the fermentation characteristics of silage prepared with lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and cellulase. Methods: Corn ears including the cobs and shucks were harvested at the ripe stage. The corn stover was exposed in the field under natural weather conditions. Silages were prepared after 0, 2, 4, 7, 15, 30, and 60 d of exposure. Corn stover was chopped into approximately 1 to 2 cm lengths and then packed into 5 liter plastic silos. The ensiling density was 550.1±20.0 g/L of fresh matter, and the silos were kept at room temperature (10°C to 25°C). Silage treatments were designed as follows: without additives (control), with LAB, with cellulase, and with LAB+ cellulase. After 45 d of fermentation, the silos were opened for chemical composition, fermentation quality and in vitro digestion analyses. Results: After harvest, corn stover contained 78.19% moisture, 9.01% crude protein (CP) and 64.54% neutral detergent fiber (NDF) on a dry matter (DM) basis. During field exposure, the DM, NDF, and acid detergent fiber (ADF) contents of corn stover increased, whereas the CP and water-soluble carbohydrate contents and in vitro digestibility of the DM and CP decreased (p<0.05). Compared to the control silage, cellulase-treated silage had lower (p<0.05) NDF and ADF contents. The pH values were lower in silage treated with LAB, cellulase, or LAB+cellulase, and lactic acid contents were higher (p<0.05) than those of the control. Silage treated with cellulase or LAB+cellulase improved (p<0.05) the in vitro DM digestibility (IVDMD) compared to that of the control or LAB-treated silage. Conclusion: Corn stover silage should be prepared using fresh materials since stover nutrients are lost during field exposure, and LAB and cellulase can improve silage fermentation and IVDMD.
중국 식품산업의 공급체인관리 활성화 요인 및 유연성, 성과측정에 관한 실증 연구
김창봉 ( Chang-bong Kim ),맹뢰 ( Meng Lei ),이동준 ( Dong-jun Lee ) 한국통상정보학회 2019 통상정보연구 Vol.21 No.1
중국 식품산업의 구조는 글로벌 지역으로부터 식품원재료를 소싱하여 중국에서 식재료를 가공 생산하고 있다. 최근 중국에서는 식품산업에 대해 국민소득 증가, 국민건강 차원에서 식품의 안전성과 신뢰성이 중요 이슈로 부각되고 있다. 이러한 중국식품산업의 패러다임 변화는 중국식품기업들이 식품공급체인망(콜드체인)을 구축하여 고객만족 향상과 기업의 브랜드 가치, 신뢰성을 높이기 위하여 노력하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 중국 식품 기업의 콜드체인 구축이 유연성에 미치는 요인을 도출하고, 기업의 성과에도 어떤 영향관계를 미치는지 밝히는 것이다. 중국 연태시(Yantai, 煙臺) 지역의 식품기업을 대상으로 550부 설문지를 배포하여 실제 분석에는 126부의 설문지를 활용하여 실증분석하였다. 수집데이터로 SPSS Amos 25.0 Graphics을 활용한 실증분석으로 연구모형에 활용된 요인 신뢰성 및 타당성 검증을 수행하였다. 본 연구는 다음과 같은 연구결과를 도출하였다. 공급체인관리 활성화 요인인 정보시스템 구축, 프로세스혁신, 대응성이 유연성에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 파악되었다. 또한, 정보시스템 구축 활성화가 재무성과에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미쳤으며, 유연성 요인도 재무성과에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 나타냈다. 채택된 가설들을 바탕으로 중국 식품산업 내의 다각적 공급망 활성화 방안에 대해 살펴볼 것이며, 종합적으로 기업들이 정보시스템 구축을 통해 경쟁우위 확보와 유연한 대처능력 확보방안을 검토할 것이다. The structure of China's food industry is sourcing food materials from the global region and processing and producing them in China. Recently, the safety and reliability of food products in terms of national income and national health have been highlighted as important issues in China. This paradigm shift in the Chinese food industry is striving to improve customer satisfaction and increase the brand value and reliability of Chinese food companies by establishing a food supply chain (cold chain). Therefore, the purpose of this study is to derive factors that influence the construction of cold chain of Chinese food enterprises on flexibility, and to reveal how it affects the performance of enterprises. 550 questionnaires were distributed to food companies in Yantai, China, and for the actual analysis, 126 questionnaire were used to verify and analyze. An empirical analysis using SPSS Amos 25.0 Graphics was conducted to verify the reliability and feasibility of factors used in the research model. This study produced the following findings: It was understood that the establishment of information system, process innovation and responsiveness of supply chain management activation factors have a positive effect on flexibility. In addition, the activation of the information system deployment had a significant positive effect on financial performance, and the flexibility factor also indicated a significant positive effect on financial performance. Based on the assumptions adopted, we will look at ways to boost the diversified supply chain within the Chinese food industry, and comprehensively, companies will examine ways to secure competitive advantage and flexible coping capabilities through the establishment of an information system.
Guo, Yong-Zhong,Pan, Lei,Du, Chang-Jun,Ren, Dun-Qiang,Xie, Xiao-Mei Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.1
Background: Associations between elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) and cancer risk have been reported for many years, but the results from prospective cohort studies remains controversial. A meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies was therefore conducted to address this issue. Methods: Eligible studies were identified by searching the PubMed and EMBASE up to October 2012. Pooled hazard ratios (HR) was calculated by using random effects model. Results: Eleven prospective cohort studies involving a total of 194,796 participants and 11,459 cancer cases were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled HR per natural log unit change in CRP was 1.105 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.033-1.178) for all-cancer, 1.308 (95% CI: 1.097-1.519) for lung cancer, 1.040 (95% CI: 0.910-1.170) for breast cancer, 1.063 (95% CI: 0.965-1.161) for prostate cancer, and 1.055 (95% CI: 0.925-1.184) for colorectal cancer. Dose-response analysis showed that the exponentiated linear trend for a change of one natural log unit in CRP was 1.012 (95% CI: 1.006-1.018) for all-cancer. No evidence of publication bias was observed. Conclusions: The results of this meta-analysis showed that the elevated levels of CRP are associated with an increased risk of all-cancer, lung cancer, and possibly breast, prostate and colorectal cancer. The result supports a role of chronic inflammation in carcinogenesis. Further research effort should be performed to identify whether CRP, as a marker of inflammation, has a direct role in carcinogenesis.
Xu, Jia,Liu, Chang,Zhou, Lei,Tian, Feng,Tai, Ming-Hui,Wei, Ji-Chao,Qu, Kai,Meng, Fan-Di,Zhang, Ling-Qiang,Wang, Zhi-Xin,Zhang, Jing-Yao,Chang, Hu-Lin,Liu, Si-Nan,Xu, Xin-Shen,Song, Yan-Zhou,Liu, Jun,Z Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.2
Serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a significant marker for clinical diagnosis and prognosis evaluation in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. However, some proportion of liver cancer patients are AFP-negative (AFP ${\leq}$20ng/ml). In order to study the differences between clinicopathological factors and prognosis of alpha-fetoprotein negative and positive patients, a total of 114 cases (41 AFP-negative and 73 AFP-positive) were selected for our research. By systematically statistical analysis, the results demonstrated that compared with AFP-negative patients, AFP-positive examples were more likely to feature cirrhosis nodules, non-complete neoplasm capsules, and a poor Edmondson-steiner grade. Furthermore, AFP-negative patients demonstrated a favorable long-term prognosis. By univariate analysis and multivariate analysis with Cox's proportional hazards model, multiple tumors were found to be independent risk factors for worse survival of AFP negative patients; however, less tumor-free margins, multiple tumors and Edmondson-steiner grades III/IV, proved to be independent risk factors leading to a poor prognosis of AFP positive cases. Finally, we can infer that high levels of AFP signify a highly malignant tumor and unfavorable prognosis.